Respiratory Muscle Training in Subacute Stroke Patients

NCT ID: NCT02125760

Last Updated: 2016-02-17

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

Get a concise snapshot of the trial, including recruitment status, study phase, enrollment targets, and key timeline milestones.

Recruitment Status

COMPLETED

Clinical Phase

NA

Total Enrollment

129 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2011-03-31

Study Completion Date

2014-09-30

Brief Summary

Review the sponsor-provided synopsis that highlights what the study is about and why it is being conducted.

This study is divided for development in two complementary work packages justified by the need to incorporate new strategies to optimize rehabilitation outcomes in stroke patients. The general objectives are: 1) to determine the prevalence of respiratory muscle dysfunction in stroke patients; 2) to identify the existence of a potential amino acid marker of increased risk of muscle dysfunction after suffering a stroke; 3) to evaluate the effectiveness of incorporating the respiratory muscle training as an innovative adjuvant therapy in stroke rehabilitation program that may decrease the incidence of morbidity and mortality in the medium and long term; and 4) to quantify the potential impact of respiratory muscle training on the costs of care for stroke patients.

Detailed Description

Dive into the extended narrative that explains the scientific background, objectives, and procedures in greater depth.

Stroke is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. It determines a substantial socioeconomic burden. Stroke can lead to varying degrees of oropharyngeal dysphagia (25-85% of patients) and respiratory muscle dysfunction associated with an increase in medical complications such as bronchoaspiration pneumonia, malnutrition and death. The respiratory muscle dysfunction is a common functional abnormality in chronic respiratory diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), heart failure, multiple sclerosis in which it has been shown to modify the expected survival. Dysphagia is present in a significant proportion of patients admitted to Rehabilitation (up to 85% depending on series) in the subacute phase of stroke. There is no drug able to restore the swallowing function and inspiratory and expiratory muscle function in these patients. Consequently, neurological rehabilitation is the mainstay of treatment of these disorders.

Amino acids (AA) are essential for proper protein synthesis. Skeletal muscle represents the largest reserve of body AA, which may be used according to metabolic needs. Within this group of compounds, the most involved in muscle metabolism are glutamate, aspartate, asparagine, valine, leucine and isoleucine. A pathobiological association between decrease in muscle glutamate and diaphragm dysfunction in patients with chronic respiratory diseases has been demonstrated in chronic respiratory patients. Moreover, glutamate levels of the diaphragm can be restored as a result of muscle training, playing a decisive role as a precursor of certain AA (glutamine and alanine), and glutathione in patients with COPD. Other studies have defined that glutamine may be a biomarker of training response in healthy individuals. Several publications have reflected the decrease of glutamine and glutamate as a result of different diseases and in some cases have tried to supplement this deficit.

Muscle dysfunction is defined as a function impairment (decrease in strength and/or resistance) of muscles whose main consequence is muscle fatigue. Although exercise training has been used successfully to restore function in patients with some chronic illnesses and frailty, there is little evidence of the beneficial effects of an overall muscle training in stroke patients. Regarding peripheral muscles, a high-intensity training improves strength and endurance of lower limbs muscles (paretic and non paretic) in stroke patients. Dysfunction of the diaphragm and other respiratory muscles has important clinical implications. It associates with susceptibility to hypercapnic ventilatory failure, ineffective cough, and even higher incidence of repeated hospital admissions and mortality. Therefore, respiratory muscle weakness described in some stroke patients justifies the need to train respiratory muscles because there is no general exercise (bicycle, legs, arms) able to induce an overload enough to achieve training effect on respiratory muscles.

Conditions

See the medical conditions and disease areas that this research is targeting or investigating.

Muscle Weakness

Study Design

Understand how the trial is structured, including allocation methods, masking strategies, primary purpose, and other design elements.

Allocation Method

RANDOMIZED

Intervention Model

PARALLEL

Primary Study Purpose

TREATMENT

Blinding Strategy

DOUBLE

Participants Investigators

Study Groups

Review each arm or cohort in the study, along with the interventions and objectives associated with them.

Inspiratory Muscle Training (IMT)

Patients with subacute stroke in a neurorehabilitation setting.

Group Type SHAM_COMPARATOR

Inspiratory Muscle Training (IMT)

Intervention Type OTHER

Sham IMT at a fixed workload of 10 cmH2O. 5 sets of 10 repetitions, twice a day, 7 days per week, for 4 weeks.

High-intensity IMT

Patients with subacute stroke in a neurorehabilitation setting.

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

High-intensity IMT

Intervention Type OTHER

High Intensity IMT. The training load is the maximum inspiratory load defined according to patient tolerance. This load will be equivalent to 10 maximal repetitions (RM) as 10 consecutive inspirations (x 5 sessions), twice a day.

Interventions

Learn about the drugs, procedures, or behavioral strategies being tested and how they are applied within this trial.

Inspiratory Muscle Training (IMT)

Sham IMT at a fixed workload of 10 cmH2O. 5 sets of 10 repetitions, twice a day, 7 days per week, for 4 weeks.

Intervention Type OTHER

High-intensity IMT

High Intensity IMT. The training load is the maximum inspiratory load defined according to patient tolerance. This load will be equivalent to 10 maximal repetitions (RM) as 10 consecutive inspirations (x 5 sessions), twice a day.

Intervention Type OTHER

Other Intervention Names

Discover alternative or legacy names that may be used to describe the listed interventions across different sources.

No applicable Short duration respiratory muscle training

Eligibility Criteria

Check the participation requirements, including inclusion and exclusion rules, age limits, and whether healthy volunteers are accepted.

Inclusion Criteria

* Hemiplegia secondary to first ischemic stroke in the subacute phase, and
* informed consent signed by the candidates of the study, after receiving full information on objectives, techniques and possible consequences.

Exclusion Criteria

* Serious cardiovascular, neuromuscular or metabolic conditions that could interfere with the results and/or interfere with the measurements,
* significant alcohol abuse (\> 80 g/day) or severe malnutrition, and
* treatment with drugs with potential effect on muscle structure and function (steroids, anabolic steroids, thyroid hormones and immunosuppressants).
Minimum Eligible Age

18 Years

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Sponsors

Meet the organizations funding or collaborating on the study and learn about their roles.

Parc de Salut Mar

OTHER

Sponsor Role lead

Responsible Party

Identify the individual or organization who holds primary responsibility for the study information submitted to regulators.

Esther Marco Navarro

MD

Responsibility Role PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Principal Investigators

Learn about the lead researchers overseeing the trial and their institutional affiliations.

Esther Duarte, MD, PhD

Role: STUDY_DIRECTOR

Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona.

Locations

Explore where the study is taking place and check the recruitment status at each participating site.

Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Dpt. Parc de Salut Mar, Hospital del Mar

Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain

Site Status

Countries

Review the countries where the study has at least one active or historical site.

Spain

References

Explore related publications, articles, or registry entries linked to this study.

Kumar S, Selim MH, Caplan LR. Medical complications after stroke. Lancet Neurol. 2010 Jan;9(1):105-18. doi: 10.1016/S1474-4422(09)70266-2.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 20083041 (View on PubMed)

Martino R, Foley N, Bhogal S, Diamant N, Speechley M, Teasell R. Dysphagia after stroke: incidence, diagnosis, and pulmonary complications. Stroke. 2005 Dec;36(12):2756-63. doi: 10.1161/01.STR.0000190056.76543.eb. Epub 2005 Nov 3.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 16269630 (View on PubMed)

Teixeira-Salmela LF, Parreira VF, Britto RR, Brant TC, Inacio EP, Alcantara TO, Carvalho IF. Respiratory pressures and thoracoabdominal motion in community-dwelling chronic stroke survivors. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2005 Oct;86(10):1974-8. doi: 10.1016/j.apmr.2005.03.035.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 16213241 (View on PubMed)

Terre R, Mearin F. Oropharyngeal dysphagia after the acute phase of stroke: predictors of aspiration. Neurogastroenterol Motil. 2006 Mar;18(3):200-5. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2982.2005.00729.x.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 16487410 (View on PubMed)

Indredavik B, Rohweder G, Naalsund E, Lydersen S. Medical complications in a comprehensive stroke unit and an early supported discharge service. Stroke. 2008 Feb;39(2):414-20. doi: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.107.489294. Epub 2007 Dec 20.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 18096834 (View on PubMed)

Martin BJ, Corlew MM, Wood H, Olson D, Golopol LA, Wingo M, Kirmani N. The association of swallowing dysfunction and aspiration pneumonia. Dysphagia. 1994 Winter;9(1):1-6. doi: 10.1007/BF00262751.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 8131418 (View on PubMed)

Schmidt J, Holas M, Halvorson K, Reding M. Videofluoroscopic evidence of aspiration predicts pneumonia and death but not dehydration following stroke. Dysphagia. 1994 Winter;9(1):7-11. doi: 10.1007/BF00262752.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 8131429 (View on PubMed)

Dall'Ago P, Chiappa GR, Guths H, Stein R, Ribeiro JP. Inspiratory muscle training in patients with heart failure and inspiratory muscle weakness: a randomized trial. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2006 Feb 21;47(4):757-63. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2005.09.052. Epub 2006 Jan 26.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 16487841 (View on PubMed)

Chiara T, Martin AD, Davenport PW, Bolser DC. Expiratory muscle strength training in persons with multiple sclerosis having mild to moderate disability: effect on maximal expiratory pressure, pulmonary function, and maximal voluntary cough. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2006 Apr;87(4):468-73. doi: 10.1016/j.apmr.2005.12.035.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 16571384 (View on PubMed)

Logemann JA. Treatment of oral and pharyngeal dysphagia. Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am. 2008 Nov;19(4):803-16, ix. doi: 10.1016/j.pmr.2008.06.003.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 18940642 (View on PubMed)

Carnaby G, Hankey GJ, Pizzi J. Behavioural intervention for dysphagia in acute stroke: a randomised controlled trial. Lancet Neurol. 2006 Jan;5(1):31-7. doi: 10.1016/S1474-4422(05)70252-0.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 16361020 (View on PubMed)

Wheeler KM, Chiara T, Sapienza CM. Surface electromyographic activity of the submental muscles during swallow and expiratory pressure threshold training tasks. Dysphagia. 2007 Apr;22(2):108-16. doi: 10.1007/s00455-006-9061-4. Epub 2007 Feb 10.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 17294298 (View on PubMed)

Huckabee ML, Doeltgen S. Emerging modalities in dysphagia rehabilitation: neuromuscular electrical stimulation. N Z Med J. 2007 Oct 12;120(1263):U2744.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 17972964 (View on PubMed)

Shaw GY, Sechtem PR, Searl J, Keller K, Rawi TA, Dowdy E. Transcutaneous neuromuscular electrical stimulation (VitalStim) curative therapy for severe dysphagia: myth or reality? Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 2007 Jan;116(1):36-44. doi: 10.1177/000348940711600107.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 17305276 (View on PubMed)

Logemann JA. The effects of VitalStim on clinical and research thinking in dysphagia. Dysphagia. 2007 Jan;22(1):11-2. doi: 10.1007/s00455-006-9039-2. Epub 2007 Jan 10. No abstract available.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 17216392 (View on PubMed)

Engelen MP, Orozco-Levi M, Deutz NE, Barreiro E, Hernandez N, Wouters EF, Gea J, Schols AM. Glutathione and glutamate levels in the diaphragm of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Eur Respir J. 2004 Apr;23(4):545-51. doi: 10.1183/09031936.04.00022204.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 15083752 (View on PubMed)

Kargotich S, Keast D, Goodman C, Bhagat CI, Joske DJ, Dawson B, Morton AR. Monitoring 6 weeks of progressive endurance training with plasma glutamine. Int J Sports Med. 2007 Mar;28(3):211-6. doi: 10.1055/s-2006-924218. Epub 2006 Oct 6.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 17024635 (View on PubMed)

Holm E, Hack V, Tokus M, Breitkreutz R, Babylon A, Droge W. Linkage between postabsorptive amino acid release and glutamate uptake in skeletal muscle tissue of healthy young subjects, cancer patients, and the elderly. J Mol Med (Berl). 1997 Jun;75(6):454-61. doi: 10.1007/s001090050131.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 9231886 (View on PubMed)

Rutten EP, Franssen FM, Engelen MP, Wouters EF, Deutz NE, Schols AM. Greater whole-body myofibrillar protein breakdown in cachectic patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am J Clin Nutr. 2006 Apr;83(4):829-34. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/83.4.829.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 16600935 (View on PubMed)

Fiatarone MA, O'Neill EF, Ryan ND, Clements KM, Solares GR, Nelson ME, Roberts SB, Kehayias JJ, Lipsitz LA, Evans WJ. Exercise training and nutritional supplementation for physical frailty in very elderly people. N Engl J Med. 1994 Jun 23;330(25):1769-75. doi: 10.1056/NEJM199406233302501.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 8190152 (View on PubMed)

Ouellette MM, LeBrasseur NK, Bean JF, Phillips E, Stein J, Frontera WR, Fielding RA. High-intensity resistance training improves muscle strength, self-reported function, and disability in long-term stroke survivors. Stroke. 2004 Jun;35(6):1404-9. doi: 10.1161/01.STR.0000127785.73065.34. Epub 2004 Apr 22.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 15105515 (View on PubMed)

Burgomaster KA, Hughes SC, Heigenhauser GJ, Bradwell SN, Gibala MJ. Six sessions of sprint interval training increases muscle oxidative potential and cycle endurance capacity in humans. J Appl Physiol (1985). 2005 Jun;98(6):1985-90. doi: 10.1152/japplphysiol.01095.2004. Epub 2005 Feb 10.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 15705728 (View on PubMed)

Weiner P, Magadle R, Berar-Yanay N, Davidovich A, Weiner M. The cumulative effect of long-acting bronchodilators, exercise, and inspiratory muscle training on the perception of dyspnea in patients with advanced COPD. Chest. 2000 Sep;118(3):672-8. doi: 10.1378/chest.118.3.672.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 10988188 (View on PubMed)

Gosselink R. Respiratory rehabilitation: improvement of short- and long-term outcome. Eur Respir J. 2002 Jul;20(1):4-5. doi: 10.1183/09031936.02.00402002. No abstract available.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 12166579 (View on PubMed)

Kim J, Sapienza CM. Implications of expiratory muscle strength training for rehabilitation of the elderly: Tutorial. J Rehabil Res Dev. 2005 Mar-Apr;42(2):211-24. doi: 10.1682/jrrd.2004.07.0077.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 15944886 (View on PubMed)

Sapienza CM, Davenport PW, Martin AD. Expiratory muscle training increases pressure support in high school band students. J Voice. 2002 Dec;16(4):495-501. doi: 10.1016/s0892-1997(02)00125-x.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 12512637 (View on PubMed)

Other Identifiers

Review additional registry numbers or institutional identifiers associated with this trial.

RETORNUS

Identifier Type: OTHER

Identifier Source: secondary_id

PSM/RHB/NR/14

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id

More Related Trials

Additional clinical trials that may be relevant based on similarity analysis.