Trial Outcomes & Findings for Veteran Peer-Assisted Computerized Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Depression (NCT NCT02057042)

NCT ID: NCT02057042

Last Updated: 2019-10-11

Results Overview

Functional status will be measured using the Veterans RAND 12-Item Health Survey (VR-12). Developed from VR-36, VR-12 includes 12 original question items from the VR-36. The questions in this survey correspond to seven different health domains inlcuding general health perceptions, physical functioning, role limitations due to physical and emotional problems, bodily pain, energy/fatigue levels, social functioning and mental health. Answers are summarized into a Physical Component Score (PCS) and a Mental Component Score (MCS) which allows for a comparison between the respondents physical and psychological health status.The VR-12 has somewhat greater precision at the lower end of the health status continuum than the SF-12. The VR-12 has been used in numerous prior VA focused studies. VR-12 MCS component scores are standardized to a mean of 50, with higher scores indicating better mental health and related functioning.

Recruitment status

COMPLETED

Study phase

NA

Target enrollment

330 participants

Primary outcome timeframe

change over time (baseline, 3 months, 6 months)

Results posted on

2019-10-11

Participant Flow

Participant milestones

Participant milestones
Measure
Enhanced Usual Care
Enhanced usual care: Patients randomized to EUC will receive the following enhancements: 1) patient education regarding the symptoms of depression and evidence-based depression treatments, 2) a copy of the Depression Helpbook by Wayne Katon and colleagues 3) information about how to access local VA mental health depression treatment resources (groups, individual psychotherapy, etc), and 4) bi-weekly study mailings with depression management tips.
PS-cCBT
Peer-assisted computerized CBT: Patients in the PS-cCBT intervention will receive usual depression care and will also receive: 1) access to Beating the Blues (BTB), an online cCBT program, 2) support of a peer specialists for 12 weeks, 3) a copy of the Depression Helpbook by Wayne Katon and colleagues
Overall Study
STARTED
163
167
Overall Study
COMPLETED
118
101
Overall Study
NOT COMPLETED
45
66

Reasons for withdrawal

Withdrawal data not reported

Baseline Characteristics

Veteran Peer-Assisted Computerized Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Depression

Baseline characteristics by cohort

Baseline characteristics by cohort
Measure
Enhanced Usual Care
n=163 Participants
Enhanced usual care: Patients randomized to EUC will receive the following enhancements: 1) patient education regarding the symptoms of depression and evidence-based depression treatments, 2) a copy of the Depression Helpbook by Wayne Katon and colleagues 3) information about how to access local VA mental health depression treatment resources (groups, individual psychotherapy, etc), and 4) bi-weekly study mailings with depression management tips.
PS-cCBT
n=167 Participants
Peer-assisted computerized CBT: Patients in the PS-cCBT intervention will receive usual depression care and will also receive: 1) access to Beating the Blues (BTB), an online cCBT program, 2) support of a peer specialists for 12 weeks, 3) a copy of the Depression Helpbook by Wayne Katon and colleagues
Total
n=330 Participants
Total of all reporting groups
Age, Continuous
51.7 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 15.5 • n=5 Participants
51.6 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 14.4 • n=7 Participants
51.6 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 14.9 • n=5 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Female
29 Participants
n=5 Participants
36 Participants
n=7 Participants
65 Participants
n=5 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Male
134 Participants
n=5 Participants
131 Participants
n=7 Participants
265 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race/Ethnicity, Customized
White
119 Participants
n=5 Participants
115 Participants
n=7 Participants
234 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race/Ethnicity, Customized
Black
31 Participants
n=5 Participants
37 Participants
n=7 Participants
68 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race/Ethnicity, Customized
Other
13 Participants
n=5 Participants
15 Participants
n=7 Participants
28 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race/Ethnicity, Customized
Hispanic
3 Participants
n=5 Participants
6 Participants
n=7 Participants
9 Participants
n=5 Participants
Education
High school or less
37 Participants
n=5 Participants
21 Participants
n=7 Participants
58 Participants
n=5 Participants
Education
Some college
64 Participants
n=5 Participants
82 Participants
n=7 Participants
146 Participants
n=5 Participants
Education
College graduate
61 Participants
n=5 Participants
63 Participants
n=7 Participants
124 Participants
n=5 Participants

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: change over time (baseline, 3 months, 6 months)

Population: Numbers analyzed in each time period account for attrition in follow-up

Functional status will be measured using the Veterans RAND 12-Item Health Survey (VR-12). Developed from VR-36, VR-12 includes 12 original question items from the VR-36. The questions in this survey correspond to seven different health domains inlcuding general health perceptions, physical functioning, role limitations due to physical and emotional problems, bodily pain, energy/fatigue levels, social functioning and mental health. Answers are summarized into a Physical Component Score (PCS) and a Mental Component Score (MCS) which allows for a comparison between the respondents physical and psychological health status.The VR-12 has somewhat greater precision at the lower end of the health status continuum than the SF-12. The VR-12 has been used in numerous prior VA focused studies. VR-12 MCS component scores are standardized to a mean of 50, with higher scores indicating better mental health and related functioning.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Enhanced Usual Care
n=163 Participants
Enhanced usual care: Patients randomized to EUC will receive the following enhancements: 1) patient education regarding the symptoms of depression and evidence-based depression treatments, 2) a copy of the Depression Helpbook by Wayne Katon and colleagues 3) information about how to access local VA mental health depression treatment resources (groups, individual psychotherapy, etc), and 4) bi-weekly study mailings with depression management tips.
PS-cCBT
n=167 Participants
Peer-assisted computerized CBT: Patients in the PS-cCBT intervention will receive usual depression care and will also receive: 1) access to Beating the Blues (BTB), an online cCBT program, 2) support of a peer specialists for 12 weeks, 3) a copy of the Depression Helpbook by Wayne Katon and colleagues
Functional Status
Baseline
32.1 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 9.9
31.4 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 9.7
Functional Status
3 months
36.2 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 10.3
37.3 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 11.5
Functional Status
6 months
37.1 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 11.0
40.1 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 12.2

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: change over time (baseline, 3 months, 6 months)

Population: Numbers analyzed in each time period account for attrition in follow-up

Inventory of Depressive Symptoms (IDS) at baseline, 3 months post intervention and 6 months post intervention. The ISD is a 16-item self-report instrument for measuring the severity of depression among individuals. Each item is rated on a four-point scale (0-3), and aggregate scores range from 0 to 27. The IDS has been widely used and shows acceptable reliability, with Cronbach's of 0.86. Severity of depression is scored according to the following ranges: 1-5 (no depression), 6-10 (mild), 11-15 (moderate), 16-20 (severe), and 21-27 (very severe).

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Enhanced Usual Care
n=163 Participants
Enhanced usual care: Patients randomized to EUC will receive the following enhancements: 1) patient education regarding the symptoms of depression and evidence-based depression treatments, 2) a copy of the Depression Helpbook by Wayne Katon and colleagues 3) information about how to access local VA mental health depression treatment resources (groups, individual psychotherapy, etc), and 4) bi-weekly study mailings with depression management tips.
PS-cCBT
n=167 Participants
Peer-assisted computerized CBT: Patients in the PS-cCBT intervention will receive usual depression care and will also receive: 1) access to Beating the Blues (BTB), an online cCBT program, 2) support of a peer specialists for 12 weeks, 3) a copy of the Depression Helpbook by Wayne Katon and colleagues
Depression Symptoms
Baseline
13.4 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 3.6
14.0 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 3.9
Depression Symptoms
3 months
11.7 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 4.1
11.1 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 4.7
Depression Symptoms
6 months
11.2 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 4.4
10.6 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 5.1

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: change over time (baseline, 3 months, 6 months)

Population: Numbers analyzed in each time period account for attrition in follow-up

Recovery orientation will be measured using the Recovery Assessment Scale - Short Form (RAS-SF). This 20-item scale is a shorter version of the RAS and has four factors: personal confidence and hope, willingness to ask for help, reliance on others, and no domination by symptoms. The RAS-SF shows evidence for both convergent and discriminate validity when compared to quality of life, social support, and symptomatic scales. The scale is scored by summing all items (or scale items), with 100 being the highest possible overall score. Higher scores indicate greater sense of recovery.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Enhanced Usual Care
n=163 Participants
Enhanced usual care: Patients randomized to EUC will receive the following enhancements: 1) patient education regarding the symptoms of depression and evidence-based depression treatments, 2) a copy of the Depression Helpbook by Wayne Katon and colleagues 3) information about how to access local VA mental health depression treatment resources (groups, individual psychotherapy, etc), and 4) bi-weekly study mailings with depression management tips.
PS-cCBT
n=167 Participants
Peer-assisted computerized CBT: Patients in the PS-cCBT intervention will receive usual depression care and will also receive: 1) access to Beating the Blues (BTB), an online cCBT program, 2) support of a peer specialists for 12 weeks, 3) a copy of the Depression Helpbook by Wayne Katon and colleagues
Recovery Orientation
Baseline
69.3 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 9.7
67.1 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 11.1
Recovery Orientation
3 months
71.7 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 10.5
72.6 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 13.7
Recovery Orientation
6 months
71.1 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 11.7
74.1 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 14.6

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: change over time (baseline, 3 months, 6 months)

Population: Numbers analyzed in each time period account for attrition in follow-up

The Quality of Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction Questionnaire Short Form (Q-LES-Q-SF) is a valid proxy for the longer Quality of Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction (Q-LES) form and will be used to assess quality of life. It consists of 14 items that patients rate on a 5-point scale to indicate their satisfaction with a variety of life domains, including physical health, mood, work, household activities, social relationships, etc. The Q-LES-Q-SF has been shown to have high levels of reliability and has been used in numerous studies of depression, including the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) funded STAR\*D study. Responses are scored on a 5-point scale, where higher scores indicate better enjoyment and satisfaction with life (possible range 14-70).

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Enhanced Usual Care
n=163 Participants
Enhanced usual care: Patients randomized to EUC will receive the following enhancements: 1) patient education regarding the symptoms of depression and evidence-based depression treatments, 2) a copy of the Depression Helpbook by Wayne Katon and colleagues 3) information about how to access local VA mental health depression treatment resources (groups, individual psychotherapy, etc), and 4) bi-weekly study mailings with depression management tips.
PS-cCBT
n=167 Participants
Peer-assisted computerized CBT: Patients in the PS-cCBT intervention will receive usual depression care and will also receive: 1) access to Beating the Blues (BTB), an online cCBT program, 2) support of a peer specialists for 12 weeks, 3) a copy of the Depression Helpbook by Wayne Katon and colleagues
Quality of Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction
Baseline
38.8 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 8.7
37.7 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 8.3
Quality of Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction
3 months
40.5 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 9.9
41.6 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 9.9
Quality of Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction
6 months
41.0 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 10.4
42.5 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 10.7

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: change over time (baseline, 3 months, 6 months)

Population: Numbers analyzed in each time period account for attrition in follow-up

CBT skills will be assessed using the Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy Skills Questionnaire (CBTSQ). The CBTSQ is a 16-item scale consisting of two factors, Behavioral Activation and Cognitive Restructuring. The scale shows construct validity, appears sensitive to change among patients undergoing CBT treatment, and predicts reduction in depressive symptoms. Scores are summed with a maximum score of 80. Higher scores indicate greater uptake of CBT skills.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Enhanced Usual Care
n=163 Participants
Enhanced usual care: Patients randomized to EUC will receive the following enhancements: 1) patient education regarding the symptoms of depression and evidence-based depression treatments, 2) a copy of the Depression Helpbook by Wayne Katon and colleagues 3) information about how to access local VA mental health depression treatment resources (groups, individual psychotherapy, etc), and 4) bi-weekly study mailings with depression management tips.
PS-cCBT
n=167 Participants
Peer-assisted computerized CBT: Patients in the PS-cCBT intervention will receive usual depression care and will also receive: 1) access to Beating the Blues (BTB), an online cCBT program, 2) support of a peer specialists for 12 weeks, 3) a copy of the Depression Helpbook by Wayne Katon and colleagues
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Skills
Baseline
42.4 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 10.2
40.4 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 11.0
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Skills
3 months
45.1 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 10.7
46.1 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 12.6
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Skills
6 months
45.9 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 10.8
48.0 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 14.3

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: change over time (baseline, 3 months, 6 months)

Population: Numbers analyzed in each time period account for attrition in follow-up

Generalized Anxiety will be measured with the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item (GAD-7). Total score ranges from 0 to 21, with "cut scores" for mild, moderate and severe anxiety. Although originally developed for generalized anxiety disorder symptoms, the GAD-7 has good operating characteristics for detection and severity ratings of panic disorder and social anxiety disorder. Scores are summed with a range of 0-21. Scores represent: 0-5 mild, 6-10 moderate, 11-15 moderate/severe, and 15-21 severe anxiety.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Enhanced Usual Care
n=163 Participants
Enhanced usual care: Patients randomized to EUC will receive the following enhancements: 1) patient education regarding the symptoms of depression and evidence-based depression treatments, 2) a copy of the Depression Helpbook by Wayne Katon and colleagues 3) information about how to access local VA mental health depression treatment resources (groups, individual psychotherapy, etc), and 4) bi-weekly study mailings with depression management tips.
PS-cCBT
n=167 Participants
Peer-assisted computerized CBT: Patients in the PS-cCBT intervention will receive usual depression care and will also receive: 1) access to Beating the Blues (BTB), an online cCBT program, 2) support of a peer specialists for 12 weeks, 3) a copy of the Depression Helpbook by Wayne Katon and colleagues
Anxiety
Baseline
11.3 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 4.7
11.0 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 4.3
Anxiety
3 months
9.5 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 4.8
8.8 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 5.1
Anxiety
6 months
9.3 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 5.1
8.1 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 5.2

Adverse Events

Enhanced Usual Care

Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

PS-cCBT

Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Serious adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Other adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Additional Information

Paul Pfeiffer

VA Center for Clinical Managment Research

Phone: 7348453649

Results disclosure agreements

  • Principal investigator is a sponsor employee
  • Publication restrictions are in place