Trial Outcomes & Findings for Megestrol Acetate Plus Metformin to Megestrol Acetate in Patients With Endometrial Atypical Hyperplasia or Early Stage Endometrial Adenocarcinoma (NCT NCT01968317)

NCT ID: NCT01968317

Last Updated: 2021-09-14

Results Overview

The primary objective was to determine whether metformin plus MA would be associated with a higher CR rate at 3 months of treatment compared with MA alone. However, for patients who eventually underwent the first and second hysteroscopies for endometrium evaluation within 16 weeks of the treatment, the cumulative CR rates within 16 weeks (16w-CR) were analysed as first end point instead of the CR rate at 3 months. Complete response was defined as the reversion of AEH/EEC to proliferative or secretory endometrium in pathology.

Recruitment status

COMPLETED

Study phase

PHASE2

Target enrollment

150 participants

Primary outcome timeframe

16 weeks after initial treatment

Results posted on

2021-09-14

Participant Flow

307 patients from Obstetrics and Gynaecology Hospital of Fudan University (Shanghai, China) were enrolled to this study between October 2013 to October 2017, including 237 patients with atypical endometrial hyperplasia (AEH) and 70 patients with well-differentiated endometrioid endometrial cancer (EEC).

157 of 307 enrolled patients were deemed ineligible, including 28 patients with hysterectomy history, 31 patients with AEH/EEC history, 67 patients with progestin use history, 10 patients refusing to attend this trial, 21 patients transferred to other hospital were excluded from this trial.

Participant milestones

Participant milestones
Measure
Megestrol Acetate and Metformin
Patients will receive metformin 500 mg by mouth third daily and megestrol acetate 160 mg by mouth daily for 3 months.Then an hysteroscope will be used to evaluate the endometrial condition, and the findings will be recorded. Megestrol acetate and metformin: Patients will receive metformin 500 mg by mouth third daily and megestrol acetate 160 mg by mouth daily for 3 months.
Megestrol Acetate
Patients will receive megestrol acetate 160 mg by mouth daily for 3 months.Then an hysteroscope will be used to evaluate the endometrial condition, and the findings will be recorded. Megestrol acetate: Patients will receive megestrol acetate 160 mg by mouth daily for 3 months.
Overall Study
STARTED
76
74
Overall Study
COMPLETED
76
74
Overall Study
NOT COMPLETED
0
0

Reasons for withdrawal

Withdrawal data not reported

Baseline Characteristics

Megestrol Acetate Plus Metformin to Megestrol Acetate in Patients With Endometrial Atypical Hyperplasia or Early Stage Endometrial Adenocarcinoma

Baseline characteristics by cohort

Baseline characteristics by cohort
Measure
Megestrol Acetate and Metformin
n=76 Participants
Patients will receive metformin 500 mg by mouth third daily and megestrol acetate 160 mg by mouth daily for 3 months.Then an hysteroscope will be used to evaluate the endometrial condition, and the findings will be recorded. Megestrol acetate and metformin: Patients will receive metformin 500 mg by mouth third daily and megestrol acetate 160 mg by mouth daily for 3 months.
Megestrol Acetate
n=74 Participants
Patients will receive megestrol acetate 160 mg by mouth daily for 3 months.Then an hysteroscope will be used to evaluate the endometrial condition, and the findings will be recorded. Megestrol acetate: Patients will receive megestrol acetate 160 mg by mouth daily for 3 months.
Total
n=150 Participants
Total of all reporting groups
Age, Continuous
32.0 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 4.5 • n=5 Participants
33.4 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 5.2 • n=7 Participants
32.6 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 4.9 • n=5 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Female
76 Participants
n=5 Participants
74 Participants
n=7 Participants
150 Participants
n=5 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Male
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
American Indian or Alaska Native
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Asian
76 Participants
n=5 Participants
74 Participants
n=7 Participants
150 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Black or African American
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
White
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
More than one race
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Unknown or Not Reported
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
Region of Enrollment
China
76 participants
n=5 Participants
74 participants
n=7 Participants
150 participants
n=5 Participants

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: 16 weeks after initial treatment

Population: In MA+metformin group, 9 cases were excluded in primary analysis for 1 asking for surgery and 8 missing hysteroscopic evaluation. In MA group, 16 cases were excluded for 1 asking for surgery and 15 missing hysteroscopic evaluation.

The primary objective was to determine whether metformin plus MA would be associated with a higher CR rate at 3 months of treatment compared with MA alone. However, for patients who eventually underwent the first and second hysteroscopies for endometrium evaluation within 16 weeks of the treatment, the cumulative CR rates within 16 weeks (16w-CR) were analysed as first end point instead of the CR rate at 3 months. Complete response was defined as the reversion of AEH/EEC to proliferative or secretory endometrium in pathology.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Megestrol Acetate and Metformin
n=67 Participants
Patients will receive metformin 500 mg by mouth three times daily and megestrol acetate 160 mg by mouth daily. Hysteroscopic evaluation was performed every 3 months during the therapy to evaluate the endometrial condition, and the findings will be recorded.
Megestrol Acetate
n=58 Participants
Patients will receive megestrol acetate 160 mg by mouth daily. Hysteroscopic evaluation was performed every 3 months during the therapy to evaluate the endometrial condition, and the findings will be recorded.
Cumulative CR Rates Within 16 Weeks
23 Participants
12 Participants

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: 32 weeks after initial treatment

Population: In MA+metformin group, 6 cases were excluded in this analysis for 3 asking for surgery and 3 missing hysteroscopic evaluation. In MA group, 8 cases were excluded for 2 asking for surgery and 6 missing hysteroscopic evaluation.

One of the secondary objectives was between-group comparisons of the cumulative CR rate at 6 months treatment. However, for patients who eventually underwent the second hysteroscopies for endometrium evaluation within 32 weeks of the treatment, the cumulative CR rates within 32 weeks (32w-CR rates) were analysed as secondary end point instead of the CR rate at 6 months.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Megestrol Acetate and Metformin
n=70 Participants
Patients will receive metformin 500 mg by mouth three times daily and megestrol acetate 160 mg by mouth daily. Hysteroscopic evaluation was performed every 3 months during the therapy to evaluate the endometrial condition, and the findings will be recorded.
Megestrol Acetate
n=66 Participants
Patients will receive megestrol acetate 160 mg by mouth daily. Hysteroscopic evaluation was performed every 3 months during the therapy to evaluate the endometrial condition, and the findings will be recorded.
Cumulative CR Rates Within 32 Weeks
52 Participants
45 Participants

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: through study completion, a median time of 33 months

Population: In MA+metformin group, 3 cases were excluded in this analysis for surgery, 3 for lost to follow-up, and 1 for still in treatment. In MA group, 2 cases were excluded for surgery and 6 for lost to follow-up.

All patients were followed up till February 2019. Statistics of patients who didn't accept hysterectomy and were not lost to follow up were analyzed.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Megestrol Acetate and Metformin
n=69 Participants
Patients will receive metformin 500 mg by mouth three times daily and megestrol acetate 160 mg by mouth daily. Hysteroscopic evaluation was performed every 3 months during the therapy to evaluate the endometrial condition, and the findings will be recorded.
Megestrol Acetate
n=66 Participants
Patients will receive megestrol acetate 160 mg by mouth daily. Hysteroscopic evaluation was performed every 3 months during the therapy to evaluate the endometrial condition, and the findings will be recorded.
Recurrence Rate
7 Participants
6 Participants

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: through study completion, a median time of 33 months

Population: In MA+metformin group only 31 cases wanted to have a baby, and that in MA group were 37.

All patients were followed up till February 2019. The pregnancy rate was calculated only in women who planned for parenthood immediately after achieving CR.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Megestrol Acetate and Metformin
n=37 Participants
Patients will receive metformin 500 mg by mouth three times daily and megestrol acetate 160 mg by mouth daily. Hysteroscopic evaluation was performed every 3 months during the therapy to evaluate the endometrial condition, and the findings will be recorded.
Megestrol Acetate
n=31 Participants
Patients will receive megestrol acetate 160 mg by mouth daily. Hysteroscopic evaluation was performed every 3 months during the therapy to evaluate the endometrial condition, and the findings will be recorded.
Pregnancy Rate
19 Participants
15 Participants

Adverse Events

Megestrol Acetate and Metformin

Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 47 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Megestrol Acetate

Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 46 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Serious adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Other adverse events

Other adverse events
Measure
Megestrol Acetate and Metformin
n=76 participants at risk
Patients will receive metformin 500 mg by mouth three times daily and megestrol acetate 160 mg by mouth daily. After initiating the treatment, hysteroscopic evaluation was performed every 3 months during the therapy to evaluate the endometrial condition, and the findings will be recorded.
Megestrol Acetate
n=74 participants at risk
Patients will receive megestrol acetate 160 mg by mouth daily for 3 months.After initiating the treatment, hysteroscopic evaluation was performed every 3 months during the therapy to evaluate the endometrial condition, and the findings will be recorded.
Endocrine disorders
Weight gain
38.2%
29/76 • Number of events 29 • 32 weeks
45.9%
34/74 • Number of events 34 • 32 weeks
Gastrointestinal disorders
Diarrhea
15.8%
12/76 • Number of events 12 • 32 weeks
4.1%
3/74 • Number of events 3 • 32 weeks
Renal and urinary disorders
Increased nocturnal urine
19.7%
15/76 • Number of events 15 • 32 weeks
27.0%
20/74 • Number of events 20 • 32 weeks
Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders
Hyperhidrosis
13.2%
10/76 • Number of events 10 • 32 weeks
13.5%
10/74 • Number of events 10 • 32 weeks
Vascular disorders
Breast pain OR Abdominal pain
22.4%
17/76 • Number of events 17 • 32 weeks
27.0%
20/74 • Number of events 20 • 32 weeks
Gastrointestinal disorders
Nausea
10.5%
8/76 • Number of events 8 • 32 weeks
5.4%
4/74 • Number of events 4 • 32 weeks
Congenital, familial and genetic disorders
Uterine hemorrhage
7.9%
6/76 • Number of events 6 • 32 weeks
17.6%
13/74 • Number of events 13 • 32 weeks
Nervous system disorders
Dizziness
9.2%
7/76 • Number of events 7 • 32 weeks
9.5%
7/74 • Number of events 7 • 32 weeks
Gastrointestinal disorders
Constipation
1.3%
1/76 • Number of events 1 • 32 weeks
1.4%
1/74 • Number of events 1 • 32 weeks
General disorders
Insomnia
2.6%
2/76 • Number of events 2 • 32 weeks
4.1%
3/74 • Number of events 3 • 32 weeks
Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders
Allergic reaction
10.5%
8/76 • Number of events 8 • 32 weeks
6.8%
5/74 • Number of events 5 • 32 weeks
General disorders
Anorexia
6.6%
5/76 • Number of events 5 • 32 weeks
0.00%
0/74 • 32 weeks

Additional Information

Xiaojun Chen

Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University

Phone: 33189900

Results disclosure agreements

  • Principal investigator is a sponsor employee
  • Publication restrictions are in place

Restriction type: LTE60