Trial Outcomes & Findings for Realizing Effectiveness Across Continents With Hydroxyurea (REACH) (NCT NCT01966731)

NCT ID: NCT01966731

Last Updated: 2025-05-14

Results Overview

An expected toxicity rate of 20% and acceptable toxicity rate of 30% were used for statistical calculations. After 53 participants at each site complete 3 months of therapy, if ≤ 15 participants have hematologic toxicity there is no early evidence against safety. If ≥ 15 of the initial participants experience toxicity, this is early evidence against safety. Future participants will begin at a lower dose of hydroxyurea (10 ± 2.5 mg/kg), with another 53 participants recruited of the same safety analysis. Upon final analysis of 133 participants at the same starting dose, safety for fixed-dose hydroxyurea can be concluded.

Recruitment status

ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING

Study phase

PHASE1/PHASE2

Target enrollment

635 participants

Primary outcome timeframe

3 months

Results posted on

2025-05-14

Participant Flow

Participant milestones

Participant milestones
Measure
Hydroxyurea
Hydroxyurea dosing was administered as a single daily dose, in 200mg, 300mg, 400mg, or 500mg sizes
Overall Study
STARTED
635
Overall Study
Initiated Hydroxyurea
606
Overall Study
Completed 3 Months of Treatment
600
Overall Study
Completed Study
0
Overall Study
COMPLETED
0
Overall Study
NOT COMPLETED
635

Reasons for withdrawal

Reasons for withdrawal
Measure
Hydroxyurea
Hydroxyurea dosing was administered as a single daily dose, in 200mg, 300mg, 400mg, or 500mg sizes
Overall Study
Death
2
Overall Study
Lost to Follow-up
1
Overall Study
Physician Decision
2
Overall Study
Follow up is not complete
600
Overall Study
Screening Failure
29
Overall Study
Found to be ineligible
1

Baseline Characteristics

Realizing Effectiveness Across Continents With Hydroxyurea (REACH)

Baseline characteristics by cohort

Baseline characteristics by cohort
Measure
Hydroxyurea
n=606 Participants
Hydroxyurea administered at 15-20 mg/kg/ day as a single daily dose.
Age, Categorical
<=18 years
606 Participants
n=93 Participants
Age, Categorical
Between 18 and 65 years
0 Participants
n=93 Participants
Age, Categorical
>=65 years
0 Participants
n=93 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Female
296 Participants
n=93 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Male
310 Participants
n=93 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Hispanic or Latino
0 Participants
n=93 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Not Hispanic or Latino
606 Participants
n=93 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Unknown or Not Reported
0 Participants
n=93 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
American Indian or Alaska Native
0 Participants
n=93 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Asian
0 Participants
n=93 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander
0 Participants
n=93 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Black or African American
606 Participants
n=93 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
White
0 Participants
n=93 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
More than one race
0 Participants
n=93 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Unknown or Not Reported
0 Participants
n=93 Participants
Region of Enrollment
Angola
150 participants
n=93 Participants
Region of Enrollment
Congo, The Democratic Republic of the
156 participants
n=93 Participants
Region of Enrollment
Uganda
149 participants
n=93 Participants
Region of Enrollment
Kenya
151 participants
n=93 Participants

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: 3 months

Population: N= number of participants analyzed for toxicity during the first 3 months of trial therapy

An expected toxicity rate of 20% and acceptable toxicity rate of 30% were used for statistical calculations. After 53 participants at each site complete 3 months of therapy, if ≤ 15 participants have hematologic toxicity there is no early evidence against safety. If ≥ 15 of the initial participants experience toxicity, this is early evidence against safety. Future participants will begin at a lower dose of hydroxyurea (10 ± 2.5 mg/kg), with another 53 participants recruited of the same safety analysis. Upon final analysis of 133 participants at the same starting dose, safety for fixed-dose hydroxyurea can be concluded.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Hydroxyurea
n=532 Participants
Hydroxyurea dosing was administered as a single daily dose, in 200mg, 300mg, 400mg, or 500mg sizes
Percentage of Participants With Dose Limiting Toxic Events
5.1 percentage of participants
Interval 3.5 to 7.3

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Assessed every 4 ± 1 weeks up to 204 months

The efficacy of hydroxyurea will be primarily assessed through fetal hemoglobin (HbF), comparing treatment with baseline values. Additional measures of laboratory efficacy will include changes in Hb, MCV, WBC, ANC, ARC, and bilirubin. Clinical events such as vaso-occlusive pain will be captured as secondary outcomes.

Outcome measures

Outcome data not reported

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Assessed every 4 ± 1 weeks up to 204 months

Hydroxyurea treatment will be dispensed only 35 days at a time, requiring a clinic visit every 4 ± 1 weeks. Medication adherence and the ability for families to adhere to monthly clinic visits are important feasibility outcomes

Outcome measures

Outcome data not reported

Adverse Events

Hydroxyurea

Serious events: 66 serious events
Other events: 500 other events
Deaths: 16 deaths

Serious adverse events

Serious adverse events
Measure
Hydroxyurea
n=635 participants at risk
Hydroxyurea administered at 15-20 mg/kg/ day as a single daily dose.
Blood and lymphatic system disorders
Anemia
1.1%
7/635 • Number of events 7 • 67 months
Blood and lymphatic system disorders
Splenic sequestration
1.3%
8/635 • Number of events 9 • 67 months
Blood and lymphatic system disorders
Vaso-occlusive pain
1.3%
8/635 • Number of events 8 • 67 months
General disorders
Death NOS
0.31%
2/635 • Number of events 2 • 67 months
General disorders
Fever NOS
0.31%
2/635 • Number of events 2 • 67 months
Infections and infestations
Bone infection
0.47%
3/635 • Number of events 3 • 67 months
Infections and infestations
Infection unidentified
0.31%
2/635 • Number of events 2 • 67 months
Infections and infestations
Malaria
1.9%
12/635 • Number of events 12 • 67 months
Infections and infestations
Sepsis
1.9%
12/635 • Number of events 12 • 67 months
Injury, poisoning and procedural complications
Fracture
0.16%
1/635 • Number of events 1 • 67 months
Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
Arthralgia
0.16%
1/635 • Number of events 1 • 67 months
Nervous system disorders
Stroke
1.6%
10/635 • Number of events 10 • 67 months
Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
Acute chest syndrome
1.3%
8/635 • Number of events 8 • 67 months

Other adverse events

Other adverse events
Measure
Hydroxyurea
n=635 participants at risk
Hydroxyurea administered at 15-20 mg/kg/ day as a single daily dose.
Blood and lymphatic system disorders
Vaso-occlusive pain
55.6%
353/635 • Number of events 755 • 67 months
General disorders
Fever NOS
27.6%
175/635 • Number of events 258 • 67 months
Infections and infestations
Infection unidentified
11.3%
72/635 • Number of events 97 • 67 months
Infections and infestations
Malaria
34.0%
216/635 • Number of events 376 • 67 months
Infections and infestations
Sepsis
5.8%
37/635 • Number of events 41 • 67 months
Infections and infestations
Skin Infection
18.0%
114/635 • Number of events 184 • 67 months
Infections and infestations
Upper respiratory infection
34.3%
218/635 • Number of events 414 • 67 months
Investigations
Aspartate aminotransferred
5.8%
37/635 • Number of events 39 • 67 months
Investigations
Blood bilirubin increased
6.9%
44/635 • Number of events 52 • 67 months
Investigations
Hemoglobin decreased
37.6%
239/635 • Number of events 451 • 67 months
Investigations
Neutrophil count decreased
6.5%
41/635 • Number of events 49 • 67 months
Investigations
Platelet count decreased
10.7%
68/635 • Number of events 106 • 67 months
Infections and infestations
Reticulocyte count decreased
9.9%
63/635 • Number of events 75 • 67 months
Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
Acute chest pain
9.3%
59/635 • Number of events 75 • 67 months

Additional Information

Russell Ware, MD, PhD

Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center

Phone: (513) 803-1108

Results disclosure agreements

  • Principal investigator is a sponsor employee
  • Publication restrictions are in place