Trial Outcomes & Findings for Implementing Technology-Assisted Drug Treatment and Relapse Prevention in Federally Qualified Health Centers (FQHCs) (NCT NCT01963234)

NCT ID: NCT01963234

Last Updated: 2018-07-31

Results Overview

The number of implementation milestones completed

Recruitment status

COMPLETED

Study phase

NA

Target enrollment

439 participants

Primary outcome timeframe

up to 3 years

Results posted on

2018-07-31

Participant Flow

Participant milestones

Participant milestones
Measure
Seva - Patients
Up to 100 patients in each of 3 intervention clinics will receive access to the Seva mobile health system for drug use disorders.
Seva - Clinicians
We will analyze data of clinicians who use Seva (e.g. clinical adoption).
Overall Study
STARTED
268
171
Overall Study
COMPLETED
207
171
Overall Study
NOT COMPLETED
61
0

Reasons for withdrawal

Withdrawal data not reported

Baseline Characteristics

Participants dropped out of the study over time.

Baseline characteristics by cohort

Baseline characteristics by cohort
Measure
Seva - Madison Site
n=97 Participants
Patients will receive access to the Seva mobile health system for drug use disorders. Data on clinician participants were not collected due to the focus of the study being the patient.
Seva - Missoula
n=100 Participants
Patients will receive access to the Seva mobile health system for drug use disorders. Data on clinician participants were not collected due to the focus of the study being the patient.
Seva - Bronx
n=71 Participants
Patients will receive access to the Seva mobile health system for drug use disorders. Data on clinician participants were not collected due to the focus of the study being the patient.
Total
n=268 Participants
Total of all reporting groups
Illicit drug use
NA participants
n=72 Participants • Participants dropped out of the study over time.
NA participants
n=74 Participants • Participants dropped out of the study over time.
NA participants
n=60 Participants • Participants dropped out of the study over time.
63 participants
n=206 Participants • Participants dropped out of the study over time.
Age, Categorical
<=18 years
0 Participants
n=97 Participants
0 Participants
n=100 Participants
0 Participants
n=71 Participants
0 Participants
n=268 Participants
Age, Categorical
Between 18 and 65 years
97 Participants
n=97 Participants
100 Participants
n=100 Participants
71 Participants
n=71 Participants
268 Participants
n=268 Participants
Age, Categorical
>=65 years
0 Participants
n=97 Participants
0 Participants
n=100 Participants
0 Participants
n=71 Participants
0 Participants
n=268 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Female
52 Participants
n=97 Participants
40 Participants
n=100 Participants
35 Participants
n=71 Participants
127 Participants
n=268 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Male
45 Participants
n=97 Participants
60 Participants
n=100 Participants
36 Participants
n=71 Participants
141 Participants
n=268 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Hispanic or Latino
1 Participants
n=97 Participants
2 Participants
n=100 Participants
35 Participants
n=71 Participants
38 Participants
n=268 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Not Hispanic or Latino
96 Participants
n=97 Participants
98 Participants
n=100 Participants
36 Participants
n=71 Participants
230 Participants
n=268 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Unknown or Not Reported
0 Participants
n=97 Participants
0 Participants
n=100 Participants
0 Participants
n=71 Participants
0 Participants
n=268 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
American Indian or Alaska Native
4 Participants
n=97 Participants
8 Participants
n=100 Participants
1 Participants
n=71 Participants
13 Participants
n=268 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Asian
0 Participants
n=97 Participants
1 Participants
n=100 Participants
0 Participants
n=71 Participants
1 Participants
n=268 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander
0 Participants
n=97 Participants
0 Participants
n=100 Participants
0 Participants
n=71 Participants
0 Participants
n=268 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Black or African American
30 Participants
n=97 Participants
2 Participants
n=100 Participants
35 Participants
n=71 Participants
67 Participants
n=268 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
White
63 Participants
n=97 Participants
89 Participants
n=100 Participants
24 Participants
n=71 Participants
176 Participants
n=268 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
More than one race
0 Participants
n=97 Participants
0 Participants
n=100 Participants
0 Participants
n=71 Participants
0 Participants
n=268 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Unknown or Not Reported
0 Participants
n=97 Participants
0 Participants
n=100 Participants
11 Participants
n=71 Participants
11 Participants
n=268 Participants
Region of Enrollment
United States
97 participants
n=97 Participants
100 participants
n=100 Participants
71 participants
n=71 Participants
268 participants
n=268 Participants
Insured by medicare
8 Participants
n=97 Participants
12 Participants
n=100 Participants
8 Participants
n=71 Participants
28 Participants
n=268 Participants
Insured by medicaid
55 Participants
n=97 Participants
23 Participants
n=100 Participants
33 Participants
n=71 Participants
111 Participants
n=268 Participants
Insured by private/other
18 Participants
n=97 Participants
19 Participants
n=100 Participants
20 Participants
n=71 Participants
57 Participants
n=268 Participants
Not insured
16 Participants
n=97 Participants
46 Participants
n=100 Participants
10 Participants
n=71 Participants
72 Participants
n=268 Participants
Patient-centered medical home (PCMH) designation
3 Level
n=97 Participants
3 Level
n=100 Participants
3 Level
n=71 Participants
NA Level
n=268 Participants
Patients enrolled in Seva
97 Participants
n=97 Participants
100 Participants
n=100 Participants
71 Participants
n=71 Participants
268 Participants
n=268 Participants
Any drinking days
NA days
STANDARD_DEVIATION NA • n=72 Participants • Participants dropped out over the duration of the study. Data for each specific clinic was not collected and analyzed. Data was collected and analyzed at the total level for all three clinics.
NA days
STANDARD_DEVIATION NA • n=74 Participants • Participants dropped out over the duration of the study. Data for each specific clinic was not collected and analyzed. Data was collected and analyzed at the total level for all three clinics.
NA days
STANDARD_DEVIATION NA • n=61 Participants • Participants dropped out over the duration of the study. Data for each specific clinic was not collected and analyzed. Data was collected and analyzed at the total level for all three clinics.
2.53 days
STANDARD_DEVIATION 6.01 • n=207 Participants • Participants dropped out over the duration of the study. Data for each specific clinic was not collected and analyzed. Data was collected and analyzed at the total level for all three clinics.
Risky drinking days
NA days
STANDARD_DEVIATION NA • n=72 Participants • Participants dropped out over the duration of the study. Data for each specific clinic was not collected and analyzed. Data was collected and analyzed at the total level for all three clinics.
NA days
STANDARD_DEVIATION NA • n=74 Participants • Participants dropped out over the duration of the study. Data for each specific clinic was not collected and analyzed. Data was collected and analyzed at the total level for all three clinics.
NA days
STANDARD_DEVIATION NA • n=61 Participants • Participants dropped out over the duration of the study. Data for each specific clinic was not collected and analyzed. Data was collected and analyzed at the total level for all three clinics.
1.25 days
STANDARD_DEVIATION 3.78 • n=207 Participants • Participants dropped out over the duration of the study. Data for each specific clinic was not collected and analyzed. Data was collected and analyzed at the total level for all three clinics.
Illicit drug-use days
NA days
STANDARD_DEVIATION NA • n=72 Participants • Participants dropped out over the duration of the study. Data for each specific clinic was not collected and analyzed. Data was collected and analyzed at the total level for all three clinics.
NA days
STANDARD_DEVIATION NA • n=74 Participants • Participants dropped out over the duration of the study. Data for each specific clinic was not collected and analyzed. Data was collected and analyzed at the total level for all three clinics.
NA days
STANDARD_DEVIATION NA • n=60 Participants • Participants dropped out over the duration of the study. Data for each specific clinic was not collected and analyzed. Data was collected and analyzed at the total level for all three clinics.
3.22 days
STANDARD_DEVIATION 7.57 • n=206 Participants • Participants dropped out over the duration of the study. Data for each specific clinic was not collected and analyzed. Data was collected and analyzed at the total level for all three clinics.
Overall quality of life (QoL)
NA score on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION NA • n=71 Participants • Participants dropped out over the duration of the study. Data for each specific clinic was not collected and analyzed. Data was collected and analyzed at the total level for all three clinics.
NA score on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION NA • n=72 Participants • Participants dropped out over the duration of the study. Data for each specific clinic was not collected and analyzed. Data was collected and analyzed at the total level for all three clinics.
NA score on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION NA • n=59 Participants • Participants dropped out over the duration of the study. Data for each specific clinic was not collected and analyzed. Data was collected and analyzed at the total level for all three clinics.
28.47 score on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 6.46 • n=202 Participants • Participants dropped out over the duration of the study. Data for each specific clinic was not collected and analyzed. Data was collected and analyzed at the total level for all three clinics.
Physical subscale Quality of Life
NA score on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION NA • n=72 Participants • Participants dropped out over the duration of the study. Data for each specific clinic was not collected and analyzed. Data was collected and analyzed at the total level for all three clinics.
NA score on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION NA • n=74 Participants • Participants dropped out over the duration of the study. Data for each specific clinic was not collected and analyzed. Data was collected and analyzed at the total level for all three clinics.
NA score on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION NA • n=60 Participants • Participants dropped out over the duration of the study. Data for each specific clinic was not collected and analyzed. Data was collected and analyzed at the total level for all three clinics.
13.2 score on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 3.01 • n=206 Participants • Participants dropped out over the duration of the study. Data for each specific clinic was not collected and analyzed. Data was collected and analyzed at the total level for all three clinics.
Mental subscale Quality of Life
NA score on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION NA • n=71 Participants • Participants dropped out of the study over the duration.
NA score on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION NA • n=73 Participants • Participants dropped out of the study over the duration.
NA score on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION NA • n=60 Participants • Participants dropped out of the study over the duration.
9.75 score on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 2.99 • n=204 Participants • Participants dropped out of the study over the duration.
Number of hospitalizations
NA hospitalizations
STANDARD_DEVIATION NA • n=72 Participants • Participants dropped out of the study over the duration.
NA hospitalizations
STANDARD_DEVIATION NA • n=74 Participants • Participants dropped out of the study over the duration.
NA hospitalizations
STANDARD_DEVIATION NA • n=61 Participants • Participants dropped out of the study over the duration.
0.43 hospitalizations
STANDARD_DEVIATION 1.03 • n=207 Participants • Participants dropped out of the study over the duration.
Number of ER visits
NA ER visits
STANDARD_DEVIATION NA • n=72 Participants • Participants dropped out over the duration of the study.
NA ER visits
STANDARD_DEVIATION NA • n=74 Participants • Participants dropped out over the duration of the study.
NA ER visits
STANDARD_DEVIATION NA • n=61 Participants • Participants dropped out over the duration of the study.
1.10 ER visits
STANDARD_DEVIATION 2.79 • n=207 Participants • Participants dropped out over the duration of the study.
Any drink
NA participants
n=72 Participants • Participants dropped out over the duration of the study.
NA participants
n=74 Participants • Participants dropped out over the duration of the study.
NA participants
n=61 Participants • Participants dropped out over the duration of the study.
64 participants
n=207 Participants • Participants dropped out over the duration of the study.
Any drink or drug
NA participants
n=72 Participants • Participants dropped out of the study over time.
NA participants
n=74 Participants • Participants dropped out of the study over time.
NA participants
n=60 Participants • Participants dropped out of the study over time.
97 participants
n=206 Participants • Participants dropped out of the study over time.
Currently receive other addiction treatment
NA participants
n=72 Participants • Participants dropped out over time.
NA participants
n=74 Participants • Participants dropped out over time.
NA participants
n=61 Participants • Participants dropped out over time.
89 participants
n=207 Participants • Participants dropped out over time.
HIV risky behavior
NA participants
n=72 Participants • Participants dropped out over time.
NA participants
n=74 Participants • Participants dropped out over time.
NA participants
n=61 Participants • Participants dropped out over time.
76 participants
n=207 Participants • Participants dropped out over time.
HIV testing
NA participants
n=72 Participants • Participants dropped out over time.
NA participants
n=74 Participants • Participants dropped out over time.
NA participants
n=60 Participants • Participants dropped out over time.
81 participants
n=206 Participants • Participants dropped out over time.
Drug of choice is alcohol
34 Participants
n=97 Participants
44 Participants
n=100 Participants
27 Participants
n=71 Participants
105 Participants
n=268 Participants
Drug of choice is Opiates
31 Participants
n=97 Participants
14 Participants
n=100 Participants
8 Participants
n=71 Participants
53 Participants
n=268 Participants
Drug of choice is crack cocaine
9 Participants
n=97 Participants
3 Participants
n=100 Participants
11 Participants
n=71 Participants
23 Participants
n=268 Participants
Drug of choice is marijuana
1 Participants
n=97 Participants
4 Participants
n=100 Participants
16 Participants
n=71 Participants
21 Participants
n=268 Participants
Drug of choice is methamphetamine
0 Participants
n=97 Participants
15 Participants
n=100 Participants
1 Participants
n=71 Participants
16 Participants
n=268 Participants
Drug of choice is multiple drugs
22 Participants
n=97 Participants
20 Participants
n=100 Participants
8 Participants
n=71 Participants
50 Participants
n=268 Participants

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: up to 3 years

Population: These are milestones achieved for each site.

The number of implementation milestones completed

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Seva - Madison Site
n=12 Milestones
We identified 12 milestones for to meet for each site.
Seva - Missoula
n=12 Milestones
We identified 12 milestones for to meet for each site.
Seva - Bronx
n=12 Milestones
We identified 12 milestones for to meet for each site.
Implementation Status
12 milestones
12 milestones
12 milestones

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: 6 months

Population: Measure analyzed as a total among all three clinics. We told clinics that we would not report at the site level. We believed that it could reflect poorly on the organization if a site appeared poorly with regard to outcomes in relation to others.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Seva - Madison Site
n=207 Participants
We identified 12 milestones for to meet for each site.
Seva - Missoula
We identified 12 milestones for to meet for each site.
Seva - Bronx
We identified 12 milestones for to meet for each site.
Any Drinking Days in Last 30 Days
1.67 days
Standard Deviation 4.69

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: 6 months

Population: Measure analyzed as a total among all three clinics. We told clinics that we would not report at the site level. We believed that it could reflect poorly on the organization if a site appeared poorly with regard to outcomes in relation to others.

Analysis for measure was done for the total of all three sites combined.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Seva - Madison Site
n=207 Participants
We identified 12 milestones for to meet for each site.
Seva - Missoula
We identified 12 milestones for to meet for each site.
Seva - Bronx
We identified 12 milestones for to meet for each site.
Risky Drinking Days in the Last 30 Days
0.70 days
Standard Deviation 2.58

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: 6 months

Population: Measure analyzed as a total among all three clinics. We told clinics that we would not report at the site level. We believed that it could reflect poorly on the organization if a site appeared poorly with regard to outcomes in relation to others.

Analysis for measure was done for the total of all three sites combined.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Seva - Madison Site
n=206 Participants
We identified 12 milestones for to meet for each site.
Seva - Missoula
We identified 12 milestones for to meet for each site.
Seva - Bronx
We identified 12 milestones for to meet for each site.
Illicit Drug-use Within the Last 30 Days
2.14 days
Standard Deviation 6.55

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: 6 months

Population: Measure analyzed as a total among all three clinics. We told clinics that we would not report at the site level. We believed that it could reflect poorly on the organization if a site appeared poorly with regard to outcomes in relation to others.

Analysis for measure was done for the total of all three sites combined. Higher values represent better quality of life. Value was calculated by adding the mental and physical subscale values. Values could range from 8 to 40.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Seva - Madison Site
n=202 Participants
We identified 12 milestones for to meet for each site.
Seva - Missoula
We identified 12 milestones for to meet for each site.
Seva - Bronx
We identified 12 milestones for to meet for each site.
Overall Quality of Life
30.03 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 7.11

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: 6 months

Population: Measure analyzed as a total among all three clinics. We told clinics that we would not report at the site level. We believed that it could reflect poorly on the organization if a site appeared poorly with regard to outcomes in relation to others.

Analysis for measure was done for the total of all three sites combined. Higher values represent better quality of life. This scare consisted of 4 questions that had scales ranging from 1 to 5. The scores were summed and values could range from 4 to 20.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Seva - Madison Site
n=206 Participants
We identified 12 milestones for to meet for each site.
Seva - Missoula
We identified 12 milestones for to meet for each site.
Seva - Bronx
We identified 12 milestones for to meet for each site.
Physical Subscale Quality of Life
13.48 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 3.11

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: 6 months

Population: Measure analyzed as a total among all three clinics. We told clinics that we would not report at the site level. We believed that it could reflect poorly on the organization if a site appeared poorly with regard to outcomes in relation to others.

Analysis for measure was done for the total of all three sites combined. Higher values represent better quality of life. This consisted of 4 questions that had scaled ranging from 1 to 5. The scores of the scales were summed and values could range from 4 to 20.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Seva - Madison Site
n=204 Participants
We identified 12 milestones for to meet for each site.
Seva - Missoula
We identified 12 milestones for to meet for each site.
Seva - Bronx
We identified 12 milestones for to meet for each site.
Mental Subscale Quality of Life
10.77 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 3.50

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: 6 months

Population: Measure analyzed as a total among all three clinics. We told clinics that we would not report at the site level. We believed that it could reflect poorly on the organization if a site appeared poorly with regard to outcomes in relation to others.

Analysis for measure was done for the total of all three sites combined.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Seva - Madison Site
n=207 Participants
We identified 12 milestones for to meet for each site.
Seva - Missoula
We identified 12 milestones for to meet for each site.
Seva - Bronx
We identified 12 milestones for to meet for each site.
Patient Had Any Drink Within the Last 30 Days
51 Participants

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: 6 months

Population: Measure analyzed as a total among all three clinics. We told clinics that we would not report at the site level. We believed that it could reflect poorly on the organization if a site appeared poorly with regard to outcomes in relation to others.

Analysis for measure was done for the total of all three sites combined.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Seva - Madison Site
n=206 Participants
We identified 12 milestones for to meet for each site.
Seva - Missoula
We identified 12 milestones for to meet for each site.
Seva - Bronx
We identified 12 milestones for to meet for each site.
Patient Had Illicit Drug Use Within the Last 30 Days
36 Participants

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: 6 months

Population: Overall number of participants analyzed because data was self reported and patients were allowed to not answer questions if they chose.

Analysis for measure was done for the total of all three sites combined.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Seva - Madison Site
n=204 Participants
We identified 12 milestones for to meet for each site.
Seva - Missoula
We identified 12 milestones for to meet for each site.
Seva - Bronx
We identified 12 milestones for to meet for each site.
Patient Had Any Drink or Drug Use Within the Last 30 Days
69 Participants

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: 6 months

Analysis for measure was done for the total of all three sites combined.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Seva - Madison Site
n=207 Participants
We identified 12 milestones for to meet for each site.
Seva - Missoula
We identified 12 milestones for to meet for each site.
Seva - Bronx
We identified 12 milestones for to meet for each site.
Patients, Within the Last 6 Months Have Received Other Addiction Treatment
78 Participants

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: 6 months

Analysis for measure was done for the total of all three sites combined.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Seva - Madison Site
n=207 Participants
We identified 12 milestones for to meet for each site.
Seva - Missoula
We identified 12 milestones for to meet for each site.
Seva - Bronx
We identified 12 milestones for to meet for each site.
Patients Partook in HIV Risky Behavior in the Last 6 Months
65 Participants

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: 6 months

Population: Overall number of participants analyzed is lower because data is self reported and patients could chose not to answer some questions.

Analysis for measure was done for the total of all three sites combined.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Seva - Madison Site
n=206 Participants
We identified 12 milestones for to meet for each site.
Seva - Missoula
We identified 12 milestones for to meet for each site.
Seva - Bronx
We identified 12 milestones for to meet for each site.
Patients Partook in HIV Testing in the Last 6 Months
116 Participants

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: up to 3 years

Analysis for measure was done for the total of all three sites combined.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Seva - Madison Site
n=268 Participants
We identified 12 milestones for to meet for each site.
Seva - Missoula
We identified 12 milestones for to meet for each site.
Seva - Bronx
We identified 12 milestones for to meet for each site.
Number of Patients Using System
268 Participants

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: up to 3 years

Population: This is the number of primary care clinical staff at the 3 sites who adopted using Seva.

We analyzed computerized system log files to produce patterns of system adoption of the staff.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Seva - Madison Site
n=171 Participants
We identified 12 milestones for to meet for each site.
Seva - Missoula
We identified 12 milestones for to meet for each site.
Seva - Bronx
We identified 12 milestones for to meet for each site.
Clinical Adoption
171 Participants

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: 6 months

Population: This outcome measure was analyzed at the clinic level. Thus, NA is indicated for "Overall number of participants analyzed."

This includes the clinic operating costs and clinic implementation costs of the intervention.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Seva - Madison Site
n=1 clinic
We identified 12 milestones for to meet for each site.
Seva - Missoula
n=1 clinic
We identified 12 milestones for to meet for each site.
Seva - Bronx
n=1 clinic
We identified 12 milestones for to meet for each site.
Total Costs for Clinic
123584 US dollars
140495 US dollars
111298 US dollars

Adverse Events

Seva - Patients

Serious events: 3 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 3 deaths

Seva - Clinicians

Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Serious adverse events

Serious adverse events
Measure
Seva - Patients
n=268 participants at risk
Patients will receive access to the Seva mobile health system for drug use disorders.
Seva - Clinicians
n=171 participants at risk
Clinicians who worked at Seva sites were also monitored for Adverse events.
General disorders
Death
0.37%
1/268 • Number of events 1 • Up to 1 year.
0.00%
0/171 • Up to 1 year.

Other adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Additional Information

Andrew Quanbeck

University of Wisconsin - Madison

Phone: 6082627385

Results disclosure agreements

  • Principal investigator is a sponsor employee
  • Publication restrictions are in place