Enhancing Diabetic Foot Education by Viewing Personal Plantar Pressures

NCT ID: NCT01941719

Last Updated: 2021-12-07

Study Results

Results available

Outcome measurements, participant flow, baseline characteristics, and adverse events have been published for this study.

View full results

Basic Information

Get a concise snapshot of the trial, including recruitment status, study phase, enrollment targets, and key timeline milestones.

Recruitment Status

COMPLETED

Clinical Phase

NA

Total Enrollment

99 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2008-05-02

Study Completion Date

2012-03-14

Brief Summary

Review the sponsor-provided synopsis that highlights what the study is about and why it is being conducted.

The purpose of this study is to examine the effectiveness of a novel patient education strategy, compared to a standard diabetic foot education. The proposed diabetic foot care education uses personal computer-animated plantar pressure data to educate patients on why and how they should care for their feet.

Detailed Description

Dive into the extended narrative that explains the scientific background, objectives, and procedures in greater depth.

Using block randomization, subjects with diabetes were assigned to either the standard or the enhanced education group. The effectiveness of enhanced education was evaluated as measured by foot care behavior score, patient's interpretation of neuropathy scores, and the incidence of diabetic foot complications over a course of 1-year.

Conditions

See the medical conditions and disease areas that this research is targeting or investigating.

Diabetes Mellitus Diabetic Neuropathies Foot Complications

Keywords

Explore important study keywords that can help with search, categorization, and topic discovery.

Diabetes Mellitus Diabetic Foot Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy Diabetic Foot Education

Study Design

Understand how the trial is structured, including allocation methods, masking strategies, primary purpose, and other design elements.

Allocation Method

RANDOMIZED

Intervention Model

PARALLEL

Primary Study Purpose

PREVENTION

Blinding Strategy

SINGLE

Investigators

Study Groups

Review each arm or cohort in the study, along with the interventions and objectives associated with them.

enhanced foot care education

In addition to the standard diabetic foot self-care instruction, the importance of daily foot self-care was reinforced at baseline by viewing personal barefoot plantar pressure in gait

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Enhanced foot care education

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

In addition to the standard foot care education, personalized, computer-animated plantar pressure maps in both barefoot and in-shoe conditions were demonstrated once at baseline visit. The demonstration includes diabetic foot education on the topic of diabetic neuropathy and how barefoot walking can lead to skin breakdown and ulcer formation, which can lead to infection and eventual amputation. The education also highlights the high plantar pressures experienced by individuals while barefoot versus in-shoe and how proper footwear is necessary in conjunction with other standard self-foot care measures to prevent injury and complications.

Standard Foot Care Education

Reviewed the standard diabetic foot self-care instructions, including daily foot inspection and proper footwear at all times.

Group Type ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Standard Foot Care Education

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

At baseline, a trained staff individually reviewed and dispensed the following brochures: "Prevent diabetes problems: Keep your diabetes under control" (NIH Publication No. 07-4349) and "Prevent diabetes problems: Keep your feet and skin healthy" (NIH Publication No. 07-4282) along with a 1-page summary of each brochure. Also, a 1-page supplementary diabetic shoe wear educational material was reviewed and dispensed. "Keep your diabetes under control" stresses "sugar, blood pressure, and medication control, and nutrition and physical activity, and checking feet daily for cuts, blisters, sores, swelling, redness, or sore toenails." "Keep your skin and feet healthy" emphasizes the importance of checking feet daily, highlighting diabetic foot complications that can arise from neuropathy, poor circulation and dry skin, and the importance of supportive, protective, and accommodative shoewear and annual foot exams.

Interventions

Learn about the drugs, procedures, or behavioral strategies being tested and how they are applied within this trial.

Enhanced foot care education

In addition to the standard foot care education, personalized, computer-animated plantar pressure maps in both barefoot and in-shoe conditions were demonstrated once at baseline visit. The demonstration includes diabetic foot education on the topic of diabetic neuropathy and how barefoot walking can lead to skin breakdown and ulcer formation, which can lead to infection and eventual amputation. The education also highlights the high plantar pressures experienced by individuals while barefoot versus in-shoe and how proper footwear is necessary in conjunction with other standard self-foot care measures to prevent injury and complications.

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Standard Foot Care Education

At baseline, a trained staff individually reviewed and dispensed the following brochures: "Prevent diabetes problems: Keep your diabetes under control" (NIH Publication No. 07-4349) and "Prevent diabetes problems: Keep your feet and skin healthy" (NIH Publication No. 07-4282) along with a 1-page summary of each brochure. Also, a 1-page supplementary diabetic shoe wear educational material was reviewed and dispensed. "Keep your diabetes under control" stresses "sugar, blood pressure, and medication control, and nutrition and physical activity, and checking feet daily for cuts, blisters, sores, swelling, redness, or sore toenails." "Keep your skin and feet healthy" emphasizes the importance of checking feet daily, highlighting diabetic foot complications that can arise from neuropathy, poor circulation and dry skin, and the importance of supportive, protective, and accommodative shoewear and annual foot exams.

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Eligibility Criteria

Check the participation requirements, including inclusion and exclusion rules, age limits, and whether healthy volunteers are accepted.

Inclusion Criteria

* Male or female between the ages of 21 and 75 years (inclusive)
* Documented type 1 or type 2 diabetes mellitus
* Demonstrates peripheral neuropathy (defined as vibration perception threshold (VPT) ≥ 25 volts at the hallux, as quantified by a BioThesiometer, or unable to perceive a 10 gram Semmes-Weinstein monofilament in one four sites on the feet)
* Able to walk independently without the use of walking aids (cane, crutches, or walker)
* Able to speak and understand English
* Able to understand the information in the informed consent form and willing and able to sign the consent form

Exclusion Criteria

* Amputation of either foot proximal to midfoot
* Presence of cutaneous ulceration in the lower extremity
* History of or active Charcot neuroarthropathy of either foot
* Severe peripheral vascular disease (ie. ischemic rest pain, 2-block claudication or gangrene)
* End stage kidney disease requiring hemodialysis, stroke, or widespread malignant disease
* Pregnant or nursing
* Life expectancy \< 12 months
* Not willing or able to make the required follow-up visits
* Insufficient (corrected) vision to complete the questionnaires
Minimum Eligible Age

21 Years

Maximum Eligible Age

75 Years

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Sponsors

Meet the organizations funding or collaborating on the study and learn about their roles.

National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK)

NIH

Sponsor Role collaborator

Temple University

OTHER

Sponsor Role lead

Responsible Party

Identify the individual or organization who holds primary responsibility for the study information submitted to regulators.

Responsibility Role SPONSOR

Principal Investigators

Learn about the lead researchers overseeing the trial and their institutional affiliations.

Jinsup Song, DPM, PhD

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Temple University

Locations

Explore where the study is taking place and check the recruitment status at each participating site.

Gait Study Center; Temple University School of Podiatric Medicine

Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States

Site Status

Countries

Review the countries where the study has at least one active or historical site.

United States

Other Identifiers

Review additional registry numbers or institutional identifiers associated with this trial.

K23DK081021

Identifier Type: NIH

Identifier Source: secondary_id

View Link

11447

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id