Severe Impairment of Solute-Free Water Clearance in Patients With HIV Infection

NCT ID: NCT01869010

Last Updated: 2025-09-09

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

COMPLETED

Total Enrollment

30 participants

Study Classification

OBSERVATIONAL

Study Start Date

2010-01-31

Study Completion Date

2012-04-30

Brief Summary

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The objective of the present study is to analyze the overall tubular function, and in particular that from the proximal tubule and the thick ascending loop of Henle (TALH) in patients with HIV infection receiving or not tenofovir-containing antiretroviral treatment in comparison with seronegative controls, by applying a validated tubular physiological test known as "Low sodium infusion test".

Hypothesis is that patients with HIV infection and normal renal function will show subclinical tubular abnormalities compared with seronegative controls

Detailed Description

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Renal disease is a well recognized complication among patients with HIV infection. Either viral infection itself and the use of some antiretroviral drugs contribute to this serious non AIDS-defining condition that may affect both the glomeruli and the renal tubules.

The thick ascending loop of Henle constitutes the main location for free-water clearance determining kidney´s ability to concentrate and dilute urine in a direct and indirect fashion, respectively.

Conditions

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HIV Infection

Study Design

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Observational Model Type

CASE_CONTROL

Study Time Perspective

PROSPECTIVE

Study Groups

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HIV Tenofovir

Low sodium water overload in HIV tenofovir, HIV no tenofovir and seronegative controls

Intervention Type OTHER

This test is based on the exploration of the tubular response to an acute fluid load. After overnight fast, all participants received twenty cc/Kg of mineralized water per os and two liters of intravenous hypotonic solution (0.66%) infused in two hours. Three blood samples are drawn (at 0, 60 and 120 minutes) and also urine samples are collected from each person at baseline and at 30 (±5) minutes intervals during the whole test. From the obtained blood and urine samples creatinine and osmolarity are measured, and then from the data corresponding to the most hypotonic urine sample (maximum dilution) and its corresponding blood sample three renal physiological parameters (proximal sodium clearance, free water clearance, sodium TALH reabsorption) are analyzed. Since patient inclusion follow up period is one month

HIV No tenofovir

Low sodium water overload in HIV tenofovir, HIV no tenofovir and seronegative controls

Intervention Type OTHER

This test is based on the exploration of the tubular response to an acute fluid load. After overnight fast, all participants received twenty cc/Kg of mineralized water per os and two liters of intravenous hypotonic solution (0.66%) infused in two hours. Three blood samples are drawn (at 0, 60 and 120 minutes) and also urine samples are collected from each person at baseline and at 30 (±5) minutes intervals during the whole test. From the obtained blood and urine samples creatinine and osmolarity are measured, and then from the data corresponding to the most hypotonic urine sample (maximum dilution) and its corresponding blood sample three renal physiological parameters (proximal sodium clearance, free water clearance, sodium TALH reabsorption) are analyzed. Since patient inclusion follow up period is one month

Seronegative controls

Low sodium water overload in HIV tenofovir, HIV no tenofovir and seronegative controls

Intervention Type OTHER

This test is based on the exploration of the tubular response to an acute fluid load. After overnight fast, all participants received twenty cc/Kg of mineralized water per os and two liters of intravenous hypotonic solution (0.66%) infused in two hours. Three blood samples are drawn (at 0, 60 and 120 minutes) and also urine samples are collected from each person at baseline and at 30 (±5) minutes intervals during the whole test. From the obtained blood and urine samples creatinine and osmolarity are measured, and then from the data corresponding to the most hypotonic urine sample (maximum dilution) and its corresponding blood sample three renal physiological parameters (proximal sodium clearance, free water clearance, sodium TALH reabsorption) are analyzed. Since patient inclusion follow up period is one month

Interventions

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Low sodium water overload in HIV tenofovir, HIV no tenofovir and seronegative controls

This test is based on the exploration of the tubular response to an acute fluid load. After overnight fast, all participants received twenty cc/Kg of mineralized water per os and two liters of intravenous hypotonic solution (0.66%) infused in two hours. Three blood samples are drawn (at 0, 60 and 120 minutes) and also urine samples are collected from each person at baseline and at 30 (±5) minutes intervals during the whole test. From the obtained blood and urine samples creatinine and osmolarity are measured, and then from the data corresponding to the most hypotonic urine sample (maximum dilution) and its corresponding blood sample three renal physiological parameters (proximal sodium clearance, free water clearance, sodium TALH reabsorption) are analyzed. Since patient inclusion follow up period is one month

Intervention Type OTHER

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

Inclusion Criteria:

* Inclusion criteria are as follows: adult patients (≥18 years old) with confirmed chronic HIV-1 infection who agreed to provide written informed consent. Patients under antiretroviral treatment must had a stable regimen for over six months and undetectable (\<50 copies/ml) viral load for at least three months. At study entry all selected patients were confirmed as having normal physical examination, routine clinical laboratory including urinalysis, as well as renal and cardiac ultrasound.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Exclusion criteria include patients with acute HIV infection (\< 6 months of disease), personal history of nephropathy, plasma creatinine ≥1.3 mg/dl, Glomerular filtration rate ≤60ml/min/1.73 m² (as determined by Modification of Diet in renal Disease formula), presence of glucosuria/proteinuria (measured in spot urine sample), prior heart failure, concurrent opportunistic infection, chronic active hepatitis B or C, and use of potentially nephrotoxic agents in the prior week before the test (e.g diuretics, angiotensin converting enzyme antagonists, Angiotensin II receptor antagonists or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents).
Minimum Eligible Age

18 Years

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Sponsors

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Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires

OTHER

Sponsor Role lead

Responsible Party

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Waldo Horacio Belloso

MD

Responsibility Role PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Principal Investigators

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Waldo H Belloso, MD

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires

Locations

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Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires - Infectious Diseases Section

Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires F.D., Argentina

Site Status

Countries

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Argentina

References

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Mathew G, Knaus SJ. Acquired Fanconi's syndrome associated with tenofovir therapy. J Gen Intern Med. 2006 Nov;21(11):C3-5. doi: 10.1111/j.1525-1497.2006.00518.x.

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Maggi P, Montinaro V, Bellacosa C, Pietanza S, Volpe A, Graziano G, Strippoli GF, Angarano G. Early markers of tubular dysfunction in antiretroviral-experienced HIV-infected patients treated with tenofovir versus abacavir. AIDS Patient Care STDS. 2012 Jan;26(1):5-11. doi: 10.1089/apc.2011.0185. Epub 2011 Dec 2.

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Menon MC, Garcha AS, Khanna A. The management of hyponatremia in HIV disease. J Nephrol. 2013 Jan-Feb;26(1):61-72. doi: 10.5301/jn.5000168.

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Other Identifiers

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1237

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id

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