Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant for GATA2 Mutations

NCT ID: NCT01861106

Last Updated: 2025-12-26

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

RECRUITING

Clinical Phase

PHASE2

Total Enrollment

144 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2013-07-24

Study Completion Date

2028-12-31

Brief Summary

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Background:

\- GATA2 deficiency is a disease caused by mutations in the GATA2 gene. It can cause different types of leukemia and other diseases. Researchers want to see if a stem cell transplant can be used to treat this condition. A stem cell transplant will give stem cells from a matching donor (related or unrelated) to a recipient. It will allow the donor stem cells to produce healthy bone marrow and blood cells that will attack the recipient s cancer cells.

Objectives:

\- To see if stem cell transplants are successful at treating GATA2 mutations and related conditions.

Eligibility:

\- Recipients who are between 6 and 70 years of age and have GATA2 deficiency.

Design:

* All participants will be screened with a physical exam and medical history. Blood samples will be collected. Recipients will have imaging studies and other tests.
* Recipients will have chemotherapy or radiation to prepare for the transplant. On the day of the transplant, they will receive the donated stem cells.
* Recipients will stay in the hospital until their condition is stable after transplant.
* Frequent blood tests and scans will be required for the first 6 months after the transplant, followed by less frequent visits over time....

Detailed Description

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Background:

Genetic and sporadic mutations on one allele of the GATA2 gene lead to a syndrome termed MonoMAC. MonoMAC is characterized by: 1) infections with Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) and other opportunistic infections, 2) deficiency of monocytes, B-lymphocytes, and Natural Killer (NK) cells in the peripheral blood, and 3) progression to myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML), and acute myelogenous leukemia (AML), and 4) mutations on one allele of GATA2 in most participants. We propose to evaluate the efficacy and safety of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) using different conditioning regimens from different donor sources in reconstituting normal hematopoiesis and reversing the disease phenotype in participants with mutations in GATA2, or the clinical syndrome of MonoMAC.

Objectives: Primary:

-To determine whether allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) approach reconstitutes normal hematopoiesis and reverses the disease phenotype by one year posttransplant in participants with mutations in GATA2 or the clinical syndrome of MonoMAC.

Eligibility:

* Recipients ages 6-70 years old with mutations in GATA2 or the clinical syndrome of MonoMAC. Clinical history of at least one serious or disfiguring infection and GATA2 bone marrow immunodeficiency disorder with loss of one or more immune populations in the bone marrow including monocytes, Natural Killer (NK) cells, and B-lymphocytes, with or without additional cytopenias involving the red blood cell, neutrophil, or platelet compartment.
* Have a 10/10 or a 9/10 or an 8/10 HLA-matched related or unrelated donor (HLA -A, -B, -C, DRB1, DQB1 by high resolution typing) or a haploidentical related donor; unrelated donors are identified through the National Marrow Donor Program.

Design: Two Arms

* Participants with mutations in GATA2, or the clinical syndrome of MonoMAC, with a 10/10 (or 9/10 matched if the mismatch is at DQ) HLA-matched related or unrelated donor will receive a pre-transplant conditioning regimen consisting of fludarabine 40 mg/m2 IV once daily for 4 days on days -6, -5, -4, and -3, busulfan based on pharmacokinetic levels from test dose or real time pharmacokinetics (PKs) (3.2 mg/kg IV will be the default dose) once daily on days -6, -5, -4, and -3, and HSCT on day 0.
* Participants with mutations in GATA2, or the clinical syndrome of MonoMAC, with a 9/10 or an 8/10 HLA-matched related or unrelated donor (if the mismatch is not at DQ) or with a haploidentical related donor, will receive a pre-transplant conditioning regimen consisting of cyclophosphamide 14.5 mg/kg IV once daily for 2 days on days -6 and -5, busulfan based on pharmacokinetic levels from test dose or real time PKs ( 3.2 mg/kg IV will be the default dose) once daily on days -4, -3, (if poor or very poor risk clonal cytogenetic abnormalities are present, then three days of busulfan IV once daily on days -4, -3, and -2 will be given), fludarabine 30 mg/m2 IV once daily for 5 days on days -6 to -2, 200 cGy TBI on day -1, and HSCT on day 0.
* Post-transplant immunosuppression for GVHD prophylaxis for recipients of all groups will consist of cyclophosphamide 50 mg/kg IV once daily for 2 days on days +3 and +4, along with mycophenolate mofetil from day +5 to approximately day +35 and tacrolimus from day +5 to approximately day +180. If there is no evidence of graft-versus- host disease, tacrolimus will be stopped or tapered at approximately day +180.

Conditions

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GATA2 Immunodeficiency MDS

Keywords

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Allogeneic Donors Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Immunodeficiency Myelodysplasia Haploidentical

Study Design

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Allocation Method

NON_RANDOMIZED

Intervention Model

PARALLEL

Primary Study Purpose

TREATMENT

Blinding Strategy

NONE

Study Groups

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Arm A

10/10 HLA Matched Related Donor or Unrelated Donor or 9/10 HLA with DQ mismatch Transplant

Group Type ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Allogeneic HSCT

Intervention Type PROCEDURE

Stem cell transplant

Busulfan Test dose

Intervention Type DRUG

0.8 mg/kg IV infusion over 3 hours one time dose administered 5 to 14 days prior to start of preparative regimen (Days -11 to -20)

Fludarabine (Fludara, Berlex Laboratories)

Intervention Type DRUG

40 mg/m2 IV (in the vein) over 30 minutes (in the vein) once daily on Days -6, -5, -4, and -3 or 30 mg/m2 IV over 30 minutes (in the vein) once daily on Days -6, -5, -4, -3, and -2

Busulfan (Busulfex)

Intervention Type DRUG

3.2 mg/kg IV (in the vein) over 3 hours once daily on Days -6, -5, -4 and -3 (weight based dosing). If in Arm B and if poor or very poor risk clonal chromosomal abnormalities, busulfan will also be given on day -2.

Mycophenolate mofetil (MMF)

Intervention Type DRUG

15mg/kg IV over 2 hours BID starting on day +5 will continue until day +35 (+/- 2 days)

Tacrolimus

Intervention Type DRUG

0.02mg/kg IV continuous infusion over 24 hours starting on day +5 until day +180

Arm B

9/10 or 8/10 HLA Match Related Donor or Unrelated Donor or Haploidentical Donor Transplant

Group Type ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Allogeneic HSCT

Intervention Type PROCEDURE

Stem cell transplant

Busulfan Test dose

Intervention Type DRUG

0.8 mg/kg IV infusion over 3 hours one time dose administered 5 to 14 days prior to start of preparative regimen (Days -11 to -20)

Fludarabine (Fludara, Berlex Laboratories)

Intervention Type DRUG

40 mg/m2 IV (in the vein) over 30 minutes (in the vein) once daily on Days -6, -5, -4, and -3 or 30 mg/m2 IV over 30 minutes (in the vein) once daily on Days -6, -5, -4, -3, and -2

Busulfan (Busulfex)

Intervention Type DRUG

3.2 mg/kg IV (in the vein) over 3 hours once daily on Days -6, -5, -4 and -3 (weight based dosing). If in Arm B and if poor or very poor risk clonal chromosomal abnormalities, busulfan will also be given on day -2.

Cyclophosphamide (CTX, Cytoxan)

Intervention Type DRUG

14.5 mg/kg IV (in the vein) infusion over 30 minutes once daily on days -6 and -5 (weight based dosing) or 50 mg/kg IV infusion over 2 hours on day -6 (weight based dosing). For post-transplant, 50/kg IV once daily x2 doses on days +3 and +4

Mycophenolate mofetil (MMF)

Intervention Type DRUG

15mg/kg IV over 2 hours BID starting on day +5 will continue until day +35 (+/- 2 days)

Tacrolimus

Intervention Type DRUG

0.02mg/kg IV continuous infusion over 24 hours starting on day +5 until day +180

Arm C (combined with Arm B per Amendment N)

Haploidentical Related Donor Transplant

Group Type ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Allogeneic HSCT

Intervention Type PROCEDURE

Stem cell transplant

Busulfan Test dose

Intervention Type DRUG

0.8 mg/kg IV infusion over 3 hours one time dose administered 5 to 14 days prior to start of preparative regimen (Days -11 to -20)

Fludarabine (Fludara, Berlex Laboratories)

Intervention Type DRUG

40 mg/m2 IV (in the vein) over 30 minutes (in the vein) once daily on Days -6, -5, -4, and -3 or 30 mg/m2 IV over 30 minutes (in the vein) once daily on Days -6, -5, -4, -3, and -2

Busulfan (Busulfex)

Intervention Type DRUG

3.2 mg/kg IV (in the vein) over 3 hours once daily on Days -6, -5, -4 and -3 (weight based dosing). If in Arm B and if poor or very poor risk clonal chromosomal abnormalities, busulfan will also be given on day -2.

Cyclophosphamide (CTX, Cytoxan)

Intervention Type DRUG

14.5 mg/kg IV (in the vein) infusion over 30 minutes once daily on days -6 and -5 (weight based dosing) or 50 mg/kg IV infusion over 2 hours on day -6 (weight based dosing). For post-transplant, 50/kg IV once daily x2 doses on days +3 and +4

Total Body Irradiation (TBI)

Intervention Type PROCEDURE

200 cGy on Day -1

Tacrolimus

Intervention Type DRUG

0.02mg/kg IV continuous infusion over 24 hours starting on day +5 until day +180

Arm D (Deleted this arm per amendment I)

Umbilical Cord Blood Transplant

Group Type ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Allogeneic HSCT

Intervention Type PROCEDURE

Stem cell transplant

Fludarabine (Fludara, Berlex Laboratories)

Intervention Type DRUG

40 mg/m2 IV (in the vein) over 30 minutes (in the vein) once daily on Days -6, -5, -4, and -3 or 30 mg/m2 IV over 30 minutes (in the vein) once daily on Days -6, -5, -4, -3, and -2

Cyclophosphamide (CTX, Cytoxan)

Intervention Type DRUG

14.5 mg/kg IV (in the vein) infusion over 30 minutes once daily on days -6 and -5 (weight based dosing) or 50 mg/kg IV infusion over 2 hours on day -6 (weight based dosing). For post-transplant, 50/kg IV once daily x2 doses on days +3 and +4

Total Body Irradiation (TBI)

Intervention Type PROCEDURE

200 cGy on Day -1

Equine Anti-Thymocyte Globulin

Intervention Type BIOLOGICAL

(Deleted this intervention per amendment I): 30mg/kg IV (in the vein)once daily x 3 days on Days -6, -5, -4 (3 doses total)

Arm E (Deleted this arm per amendment O)

Donor

Group Type NO_INTERVENTION

No interventions assigned to this group

Interventions

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Allogeneic HSCT

Stem cell transplant

Intervention Type PROCEDURE

Busulfan Test dose

0.8 mg/kg IV infusion over 3 hours one time dose administered 5 to 14 days prior to start of preparative regimen (Days -11 to -20)

Intervention Type DRUG

Fludarabine (Fludara, Berlex Laboratories)

40 mg/m2 IV (in the vein) over 30 minutes (in the vein) once daily on Days -6, -5, -4, and -3 or 30 mg/m2 IV over 30 minutes (in the vein) once daily on Days -6, -5, -4, -3, and -2

Intervention Type DRUG

Busulfan (Busulfex)

3.2 mg/kg IV (in the vein) over 3 hours once daily on Days -6, -5, -4 and -3 (weight based dosing). If in Arm B and if poor or very poor risk clonal chromosomal abnormalities, busulfan will also be given on day -2.

Intervention Type DRUG

Cyclophosphamide (CTX, Cytoxan)

14.5 mg/kg IV (in the vein) infusion over 30 minutes once daily on days -6 and -5 (weight based dosing) or 50 mg/kg IV infusion over 2 hours on day -6 (weight based dosing). For post-transplant, 50/kg IV once daily x2 doses on days +3 and +4

Intervention Type DRUG

Total Body Irradiation (TBI)

200 cGy on Day -1

Intervention Type PROCEDURE

Mycophenolate mofetil (MMF)

15mg/kg IV over 2 hours BID starting on day +5 will continue until day +35 (+/- 2 days)

Intervention Type DRUG

Tacrolimus

0.02mg/kg IV continuous infusion over 24 hours starting on day +5 until day +180

Intervention Type DRUG

Equine Anti-Thymocyte Globulin

(Deleted this intervention per amendment I): 30mg/kg IV (in the vein)once daily x 3 days on Days -6, -5, -4 (3 doses total)

Intervention Type BIOLOGICAL

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

1. Patient age of 6-70 years.
2. Mutation in the GATA2 gene, or evidence of loss of expression of one allele of GATA2, by cDNA analysis performed by a CLIA certified laboratory, or the clinical syndrome of MonoMAC.
3. Clinical history of at least one serious or disfiguring infection and/or GATA2 bone marrow immunodeficiency disorder with lose of one or more immune populations in the bone marrow including monocytes, Natural Killer (NK) cells, and B-lymphocytes, with or without additional cytopenias involving the red blood cell, neutrophil, or platelet compartment.
4. Availability of a 10/10 or 9/10 or 8/10 HLA-matched related or unrelated donor, or a haploidentical related donor.
5. Patients may have evidence of MDS with one or more peripheral blood cytopenias and greater than 5% blasts but must have less than 10% blasts in the bone marrow in the absence of filgrastim in order to proceed directly to transplant. The majority of patients with MDS will have less than 5% blasts.
6. Disease status: Patients are to be referred in remission for evaluation. Should a patient have progressive disease with \>10% blasts on screening/baseline bone marrow biopsy, the patient may receive standard treatment under the current study prior to proceeding with transplant. Once the patient has \<10% blasts, they may proceed to transplant. The patient may also be referred back to their primary hematologist or oncologist for treatment. If this course of action is not in the best interest of the patient according to the clinical judgment of the PI/LAI, then the patient may receive standard treatment for the malignant disease or hematological disorder under the current study. If under either of these settings, it becomes apparent that the participant will not be able to proceed to transplant, then he/she must come off study. Recipient-Subjects receiving a standard therapy will be told about the therapy, associated risks, benefits and alternatives of the proposed therapy, and availability of receiving the same treatment elsewhere, outside of a research protocol.
7. Left ventricular ejection fraction \> 40%, preferably by 2-D echocardiogram obtained within 90 days prior to initiation of conditioning therapy.
8. Creatinine: Adult patients: \<= 2.0 mg/dl and creatinine clearance \>= 30 ml/min; Pediatric patients (\<18 years old): creatinine \<1.5 mg/dL and a creatinine clearance, using the Schwartz Formula, \> 30 mL/min/1.73m\^2.
9. Serum conjugated bilirubin \< 2.5 mg/dl; serum ALT and AST \<= 5 times upper limit of normal.
10. Pulmonary function tests: FEV1 and DLCO \>30% Note: For children who are unable to cooperate for PFTs, the criterion is: No evidence of dyspnea at rest, no exercise intolerance, and no requirement for supplemental oxygen therapy
11. Ability of patient or Legally Authorized Representative (LAR) (if the patient is deemed by the treating physician to be cognitively impaired or questionably impaired in such a way that the ability of the patient to give informed consent is questionable) to understand and the willingness to sign a written informed consent document indicating that they are aware of the investigational nature of this study or written informed consent obtained from parent or legal guardian if subject is a minor.
12. As therapeutic agents used in this trial may be harmful to a fetus, women of childbearing potential and men must agree to use adequate contraception (hormonal or barrier method of birth control; abstinence) prior to study entry and for at least one-year post-allo HSCT. Should a woman become pregnant or suspect she is pregnant while she or her partner is participating in the study, she should inform her treating physician immediately.
13. All transplant patients remain in the NIH hospital or, if discharged, stay close to the NIH for a minimum of 100 days after transplant or longer, if there are complications. An adult caregiver must be with the patient at all times from discharge to day 100.

Exclusion Criteria

1. Patients who are receiving any other investigational agents with the exception of virus- specific cytotoxic T-cells for the treatment of viral infection/reactivation prior to allo HSCT
2. HIV-positive patients are ineligible because these patients are at increased risk of lethal infections when treated with marrow-suppressive therapy. Appropriate studies will be undertaken in patients receiving combination antiretroviral therapy when indicated.
3. History of allergic reactions attributed to compounds of similar chemical or biological composition to agents (steroids, cyclophosphamide, busulfan) used in the study
4. Chronic active hepatitis B. Patient may be hepatitis B core antibody positive. For patients with a concomitant positive hepatitis B surface antigen, patients will require a hepatology consultation. The risk-benefit profile of transplant and hepatitis B will be discussed with the patient, and eligibility determined by the PI or Lead Associate Investigator.
5. History of psychiatric disorder which may compromise compliance with transplant protocol, or which does not allow for appropriate informed consent.
6. Active infection refractory to antimicrobial therapy.
7. Active CNS involvement by malignancy (patients with known positive CSF cytology or parenchymal lesions visible by prior CT or MRI).
8. Pregnant or lactating.
9. The effects on breast-milk are unknown and may be harmful to the infant; therefore, women should not breast feed during the interval from study entry to one year post-transplant.
10. Presence of active malignancy in another organ system other than the hematopoietic, except when driven by viruses in which case the immune reconstitution after transplant may control the malignancy. This includes solid tumors not in remission.
11. No available 10/10 or 9/10 or 8/10 HLA-matched related or unrelated donor, or haploidentical related donor.
Minimum Eligible Age

6 Years

Maximum Eligible Age

70 Years

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Sponsors

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National Cancer Institute (NCI)

NIH

Sponsor Role lead

Responsible Party

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Responsibility Role SPONSOR

Principal Investigators

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Danielle E Pregent-Arnold, M.D.

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

National Cancer Institute (NCI)

Locations

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National Institutes of Health Clinical Center

Bethesda, Maryland, United States

Site Status RECRUITING

Countries

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United States

Central Contacts

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Danielle E Pregent-Arnold, M.D.

Role: CONTACT

Phone: (240) 281-3922

Email: [email protected]

References

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West RR, Bauer TR, Tuschong LM, Embree LJ, Calvo KR, Tillo D, Davis J, Holland SM, Hickstein DD. A novel GATA2 distal enhancer mutation results in MonoMAC syndrome in 2 second cousins. Blood Adv. 2023 Oct 24;7(20):6351-6363. doi: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2023010458.

Reference Type DERIVED
PMID: 37595058 (View on PubMed)

Wu Z, Gao S, Diamond C, Kajigaya S, Chen J, Shi R, Palmer C, Hsu AP, Calvo KR, Hickstein DD, Holland SM, Young NS. Sequencing of RNA in single cells reveals a distinct transcriptome signature of hematopoiesis in GATA2 deficiency. Blood Adv. 2020 Jun 23;4(12):2656-2670. doi: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2019001352.

Reference Type DERIVED
PMID: 32556286 (View on PubMed)

Related Links

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Other Identifiers

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13-C-0132

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: secondary_id

130132

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id