China Antihypertensive Trial in Acute Ischemic Stroke

NCT ID: NCT01840072

Last Updated: 2024-03-27

Study Results

Results available

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Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

COMPLETED

Clinical Phase

NA

Total Enrollment

4071 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2009-08-31

Study Completion Date

2016-05-31

Brief Summary

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This randomized trial tests the effect of early blood pressure reduction on major disability and death among patients with acute ischemic stroke in china.

Detailed Description

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We designed a randomized controlled clinical trial to test:

* The effectiveness of blood pressure reduction among patients with acute ischemic stroke (within 48 hours of onset) on the primary outcome, a combination of death within 14 days after randomization and dependency (modified Rankin scale ≥3) at 14 day or at the time of discharge, if that occurred before 14 days.
* The effectiveness of blood pressure reduction among patients with acute ischemic stroke (within 48-hours of onset) on secondary outcomes:

* Combination of all-cause mortality and dependency over 3, 12, and 24 months of follow-up
* Combined vascular disease events over 3, 12, and 24 months of follow-up (vascular deaths, non-fatal stroke, non-fatal myocardial infarction, coronary revascularization, hospitalized or treated angina, hospitalized or treated congestive heart failure, and hospitalized or treated peripheral arterial disease)
* Recurrent fatal and non-fatal stroke over 3, 12, and 24 months of follow-up
* Neurological functional status measured by NIH Stroke Score and modified Rankin scale at 14 day or discharge after randomization, and over 3, 12, and 24 months of follow-up
* All-cause mortality over 3, 12, and 24 months of follow-up
* Duration of initial hospitalization
* Changes in systolic and diastolic blood pressure within 24 hours and over 7 days, and 14 days

Conditions

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Ischemic Stroke

Study Design

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Allocation Method

RANDOMIZED

Intervention Model

PARALLEL

Primary Study Purpose

TREATMENT

Blinding Strategy

DOUBLE

Participants Outcome Assessors

Study Groups

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Active antihypertensive treatment

Active antihypertensive treatment

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Active antihypertensive treatment

Intervention Type OTHER

Initial antihypertensive treatment with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (Enalapril) and/or calcium channel blockers as second line medication; and/or diuretics as third line medications. Based on patients' baseline BP level, the first-line medication (intravenous Enalapril) can be used alone, or in combination with second-line medication (calcium channel blocker), and third-line medication (diuretics) to achieve the target systolic BP lowering by 10% to 25% within the first 24 hours after randomization and to achieve systolic BP below 140 mm Hg and diastolic BP below 90 mm Hg and maintain this BP level afterwards during the hospitalization.

Usual care

Discontinue all home BP medications.

Group Type NO_INTERVENTION

No interventions assigned to this group

Interventions

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Active antihypertensive treatment

Initial antihypertensive treatment with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (Enalapril) and/or calcium channel blockers as second line medication; and/or diuretics as third line medications. Based on patients' baseline BP level, the first-line medication (intravenous Enalapril) can be used alone, or in combination with second-line medication (calcium channel blocker), and third-line medication (diuretics) to achieve the target systolic BP lowering by 10% to 25% within the first 24 hours after randomization and to achieve systolic BP below 140 mm Hg and diastolic BP below 90 mm Hg and maintain this BP level afterwards during the hospitalization.

Intervention Type OTHER

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

* Age ≥22 years
* Ischemic stroke onset within 48 hours confirmed by imaging (CT scan or MRI) study
* Systolic BP≥140 and \<220 mm Hg and diastolic BP≥80 mm Hg
* No contraindications to antihypertensive treatment
* Able and willing to sign informed consent by patients or their direct family members

Exclusion Criteria

* Individuals with hemorrhagic stroke
* Individuals with severe heart failure (NY Heart Association class III and IV), myocardial infarction, unstable angina, aortic dissection and cerebrovascular stenosis
* Individuals in a deep coma
* Individuals with resistant hypertension \[systolic BP ≥170 mm Hg despite use of 4 or more antihypertensive medications for half a year or longer\]
* Intravenous thrombolytic therapy (such as intravenous rtPA)
* Individuals who are unable to participate in follow-up examination
* Current pregnant women
Minimum Eligible Age

22 Years

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Sponsors

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Soochow University

OTHER

Sponsor Role collaborator

Tulane University

OTHER

Sponsor Role lead

Responsible Party

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Jiang He, MD, PhD

Professor and Department Chair

Responsibility Role PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Principal Investigators

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Jiang He, MD, PhD

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Tulane University SPHTM

Locations

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Soohow University

Suzhou, Jiangsu, China

Site Status

Countries

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China

References

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Bu X, Li C, Zhang Y, Xu T, Wang D, Sun Y, Peng H, Xu T, Chen CS, Bazzano LA, Chen J, He J; CATIS Investigators. Early Blood Pressure Reduction in Acute Ischemic Stroke with Various Severities: A Subgroup Analysis of the CATIS Trial. Cerebrovasc Dis. 2016;42(3-4):186-95. doi: 10.1159/000444722. Epub 2016 Apr 26.

Reference Type RESULT
PMID: 27110711 (View on PubMed)

Zhong C, Xu T, Xu T, Peng Y, Wang A, Wang J, Peng H, Li Q, Geng D, Zhang D, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Gao X, He J; CATIS Investigation Groups. Plasma Homocysteine and Prognosis of Acute Ischemic Stroke: a Gender-Specific Analysis From CATIS Randomized Clinical Trial. Mol Neurobiol. 2017 Apr;54(3):2022-2030. doi: 10.1007/s12035-016-9799-0. Epub 2016 Feb 24.

Reference Type RESULT
PMID: 26910818 (View on PubMed)

He J, Zhang Y, Xu T, Zhao Q, Wang D, Chen CS, Tong W, Liu C, Xu T, Ju Z, Peng Y, Peng H, Li Q, Geng D, Zhang J, Li D, Zhang F, Guo L, Sun Y, Wang X, Cui Y, Li Y, Ma D, Yang G, Gao Y, Yuan X, Bazzano LA, Chen J; CATIS Investigators. Effects of immediate blood pressure reduction on death and major disability in patients with acute ischemic stroke: the CATIS randomized clinical trial. JAMA. 2014 Feb 5;311(5):479-89. doi: 10.1001/jama.2013.282543.

Reference Type RESULT
PMID: 24240777 (View on PubMed)

Bu X, Zhang Y, Bazzano LA, Xu T, Guo L, Wang X, Zhang J, Cui Y, Li D, Zhang F, Ju Z, Xu T, Chen CS, Chen J, He J. Effects of early blood pressure reduction on cognitive function in patients with acute ischemic stroke. Int J Stroke. 2016 Dec;11(9):1009-1019. doi: 10.1177/1747493016660094. Epub 2016 Jul 13.

Reference Type RESULT
PMID: 27412188 (View on PubMed)

Wang M, Long J, Yuan K, Cao M, Peng Y, Xu T, He J, Zhang Y, Zhong C, Zhai G. Soluble Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid Cells 2 as a Promising Biomarker for Poststroke Depression After Acute Ischemic Stroke. J Am Heart Assoc. 2025 Sep 16;14(18):eJAHA2024040555T. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.124.040555. Epub 2025 Aug 22.

Reference Type DERIVED
PMID: 40847526 (View on PubMed)

Wang M, Zhu S, Long J, Cao M, Peng Y, Chen J, Xu T, He J, Zhang Y, Zhong C. Efficacy of immediate anti-hypertensive treatment in patients with acute ischaemic stroke stratified by mean arterial pressure and pulse pressure: a secondary analysis of the China Antihypertensive Trial in Acute Ischemic Stroke trial. Stroke Vasc Neurol. 2025 Apr 23:svn-2024-003896. doi: 10.1136/svn-2024-003896. Online ahead of print.

Reference Type DERIVED
PMID: 40268338 (View on PubMed)

Wang Z, Zhang K, Zhong C, Zhu Z, Zheng X, Yang P, Che B, Lu Y, Zhang Y, Xu T. Plasma human cartilage glycoprotein-39 and depressive symptoms among acute ischemic stroke patients. Gen Hosp Psychiatry. 2025 May-Jun;94:120-125. doi: 10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2025.03.003. Epub 2025 Mar 6.

Reference Type DERIVED
PMID: 40068363 (View on PubMed)

Wang Z, Zhang K, Zhong C, Zhu Z, Zheng X, Yang P, Che B, Lu Y, Zhang Y, Xu T. Plasma Human Cartilage Glycoprotein-39 and Cognitive Impairment After Acute Ischemic Stroke. J Am Heart Assoc. 2025 Jan 21;14(2):e036790. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.124.036790. Epub 2025 Jan 17.

Reference Type DERIVED
PMID: 39819010 (View on PubMed)

He Y, Jia Y, Liu Y, Chang X, Yang P, Shi M, Guo D, Peng Y, Chen J, Wang A, Xu T, He J, Zhang Y, Zhu Z. High Plasma Polyamine Levels Are Associated With an Increased Risk of Poststroke Cognitive Impairment: A Multicenter Prospective Study From CATIS. J Am Heart Assoc. 2025 Jan 21;14(2):e037465. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.124.037465. Epub 2025 Jan 16.

Reference Type DERIVED
PMID: 39817544 (View on PubMed)

Sun L, Zhang Q, Shi M, Liu Y, Zhu Z, Zhang J, Peng H, Wang A, Chen J, Xu T, Zhang Y, He J. Associations Between Gene Variants of Lipid-Lowering Drug Targets and Adverse Outcomes After Ischemic Stroke. J Am Heart Assoc. 2024 Nov 19;13(22):e036544. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.124.036544. Epub 2024 Nov 15.

Reference Type DERIVED
PMID: 39547981 (View on PubMed)

Yang P, Shi M, Jia Y, Zhong C, Peng H, Sun L, Guo D, Chen J, Wang A, Xu T, Zhu Z, Zhang Y, He J. Plasma Polyamines and Short-Term Adverse Outcomes Among Patients With Ischemic Stroke: A Prospective Cohort Study. J Am Heart Assoc. 2024 Aug 6;13(15):e035837. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.124.035837. Epub 2024 Jul 31.

Reference Type DERIVED
PMID: 39082415 (View on PubMed)

Wang Z, Zhang K, Zhong C, Zhu Z, Zheng X, Yang P, Che B, Lu Y, Zhang Y, Xu T. Alcohol drinking modified the effect of plasma YKL-40 levels on stroke-specific mortality of acute ischemic stroke. Neuroscience. 2024 Aug 6;552:152-158. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2024.06.028. Epub 2024 Jun 27.

Reference Type DERIVED
PMID: 38944147 (View on PubMed)

Yang P, Wang S, Zhong C, Yin J, Yang J, Wang A, Xu T, Zhang Y. Association of Cardiac Biomarkers in Combination With Cognitive Impairment After Acute Ischemic Stroke. J Am Heart Assoc. 2024 Mar 5;13(5):e031010. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.123.031010. Epub 2024 Feb 23.

Reference Type DERIVED
PMID: 38390800 (View on PubMed)

Du J, Zhai Y, Dong W, Che B, Miao M, Peng Y, Ju Z, Xu T, He J, Zhang Y, Zhong C. One-Year Disability Trajectories and Long-Term Cardiovascular Events, Recurrent Stroke, and Mortality After Ischemic Stroke. J Am Heart Assoc. 2024 Feb 6;13(3):e030702. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.123.030702. Epub 2024 Jan 19.

Reference Type DERIVED
PMID: 38240201 (View on PubMed)

Zhai Y, Chen H, Che B, Liu Y, Peng Y, Chen J, Xu T, He J, Zhang Y, Zhong C. Efficacy of Immediate Antihypertensive Treatment in Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke With Different Blood Pressure Genetic Variants. Hypertension. 2024 Mar;81(3):658-667. doi: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.123.21851. Epub 2024 Jan 4.

Reference Type DERIVED
PMID: 38174564 (View on PubMed)

Zhai Y, Shi M, Liu Y, Peng Y, Zhu Z, Wang A, Peng H, Xu T, Chen J, Xu T, Zhang Y, He J, Zhong C. Magnitude of Systolic Blood Pressure Reduction and Early Achieved Blood Pressure and Clinical Outcomes After Acute Ischemic Stroke. J Am Heart Assoc. 2023 Oct 17;12(20):e030692. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.123.030692. Epub 2023 Oct 7.

Reference Type DERIVED
PMID: 37804202 (View on PubMed)

Zhu Z, Yang P, Jia Y, Wang Y, Shi M, Zhong C, Peng H, Sun L, Guo D, Xu Q, Chen J, Wang A, Xu T, He J, Zhang Y. Plasma Amino Acid Neurotransmitters and Ischemic Stroke Prognosis: A Multicenter Prospective Study. Am J Clin Nutr. 2023 Oct;118(4):754-762. doi: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2023.06.014. Epub 2023 Aug 21.

Reference Type DERIVED
PMID: 37793742 (View on PubMed)

Zhu Z, Guo D, Zhang K, Yang P, Jia Y, Shi M, Peng Y, Chen J, Wang A, Xu T, Zhang Y, He J. Osteoprotegerin and Ischemic Stroke Prognosis: A Prospective Multicenter Study and Mendelian Randomization Analysis. Stroke. 2023 Feb;54(2):509-517. doi: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.122.040800. Epub 2022 Dec 13.

Reference Type DERIVED
PMID: 36511149 (View on PubMed)

Zhai Y, Che B, Liu Y, Peng H, Wang A, Peng Y, Chen J, Zhang Y, Xu T, Zhong C, He J. Effect of Immediate Antihypertensive Treatment on Clinical Outcomes in Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients With Different Renal Function Status. Hypertension. 2023 Jan;80(1):204-213. doi: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.122.20202. Epub 2022 Nov 10.

Reference Type DERIVED
PMID: 36353999 (View on PubMed)

Du J, Miao M, Lu Z, Chen H, Bao A, Che B, Zhang J, Ju Z, Xu T, He J, Zhang Y, Zhong C. Plasma l-carnitine and risks of cardiovascular events and recurrent stroke after ischemic stroke: A nested case-control study. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2022 Nov;32(11):2579-2587. doi: 10.1016/j.numecd.2022.08.016. Epub 2022 Aug 28.

Reference Type DERIVED
PMID: 36155150 (View on PubMed)

Xu T, Zhang K, Zhong C, Zhu Z, Zheng X, Yang P, Che B, Lu Y, Zhang Y. Plasma Human Cartilage Glycoprotein-39 Is Associated With the Prognosis of Acute Ischemic Stroke. J Am Heart Assoc. 2022 Sep 20;11(18):e026263. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.122.026263. Epub 2022 Sep 14.

Reference Type DERIVED
PMID: 36102255 (View on PubMed)

Zang Y, Zhu Z, Shi M, Wang A, Xie X, Xu T, Peng Y, Yang P, Li Q, Ju Z, Geng D, Chen J, Liu L, Zhang Y, He J. Association between annual household income and adverse outcomes in patients who had ischaemic stroke. J Epidemiol Community Health. 2022 Mar;76(3):293-300. doi: 10.1136/jech-2021-216481. Epub 2021 Sep 7.

Reference Type DERIVED
PMID: 34493532 (View on PubMed)

Zhong C, Miao M, Che B, Du J, Wang A, Peng H, Bu X, Zhang J, Ju Z, Xu T, He J, Zhang Y. Plasma choline and betaine and risks of cardiovascular events and recurrent stroke after ischemic stroke. Am J Clin Nutr. 2021 Oct 4;114(4):1351-1359. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/nqab199.

Reference Type DERIVED
PMID: 34159355 (View on PubMed)

Che B, Shen S, Zhu Z, Wang A, Xu T, Peng Y, Li Q, Ju Z, Geng D, Chen J, He J, Zhang Y, Zhong C. Education Level and Long-term Mortality, Recurrent Stroke, and Cardiovascular Events in Patients With Ischemic Stroke. J Am Heart Assoc. 2020 Aug 18;9(16):e016671. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.120.016671. Epub 2020 Aug 11.

Reference Type DERIVED
PMID: 32779506 (View on PubMed)

Zhu S, Qian S, Xu T, Peng H, Dong R, Wang D, Yuan X, Guo L, Zhang Y, Geng D, Zhong C. White Matter Hyperintensity, Immediate Antihypertensive Treatment, and Functional Outcome After Acute Ischemic Stroke. Stroke. 2020 May;51(5):1608-1612. doi: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.119.028841. Epub 2020 Apr 1.

Reference Type DERIVED
PMID: 32233741 (View on PubMed)

Guo DX, Zhu ZB, Zhong CK, Bu XQ, Chen LH, Xu T, Guo LB, Zhang JT, Li D, Zhang JH, Ju Z, Chen CS, Chen J, Zhang YH, He J. Serum cystatin C levels are negatively correlated with post-stroke cognitive dysfunction. Neural Regen Res. 2020 May;15(5):922-928. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.268928.

Reference Type DERIVED
PMID: 31719258 (View on PubMed)

Zhang R, Zhong C, Zhang Y, Xie X, Zhu Z, Wang A, Chen CS, Peng Y, Peng H, Li Q, Ju Z, Geng D, Chen J, Liu L, Wang Y, Xu T, He J. Immediate Antihypertensive Treatment for Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke With or Without History of Hypertension: A Secondary Analysis of the CATIS Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Netw Open. 2019 Jul 3;2(7):e198103. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.8103.

Reference Type DERIVED
PMID: 31365109 (View on PubMed)

Guo D, Zhu Z, Zhong C, Peng H, Wang A, Xu T, Peng Y, Xu T, Chen CS, Li Q, Ju Z, Geng D, Chen J, Zhang Y, He J. Increased Serum Netrin-1 Is Associated With Improved Prognosis of Ischemic Stroke. Stroke. 2019 Apr;50(4):845-852. doi: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.118.024631.

Reference Type DERIVED
PMID: 30852966 (View on PubMed)

He WJ, Zhong C, Xu T, Wang D, Sun Y, Bu X, Chen CS, Wang J, Ju Z, Li Q, Zhang J, Geng D, Zhang J, Li D, Li Y, Yuan X, Zhang Y, Kelly TN; CATIS investigators. Early antihypertensive treatment and clinical outcomes in acute ischemic stroke: subgroup analysis by baseline blood pressure. J Hypertens. 2018 Jun;36(6):1372-1381. doi: 10.1097/HJH.0000000000001690.

Reference Type DERIVED
PMID: 29389742 (View on PubMed)

Xu T, Zhang Y, Bu X, Wang D, Sun Y, Chen CS, Wang J, Peng H, Ju Z, Peng Y, Xu T, Li Q, Geng D, Zhang J, Li D, Zhang F, Guo L, Wang X, Cui Y, Li Y, Ma D, Zhang D, Yang G, Gao Y, Yuan X, Chen J, He J; CATIS investigators. Blood pressure reduction in acute ischemic stroke according to time to treatment: a subgroup analysis of the China Antihypertensive Trial in Acute Ischemic Stroke trial. J Hypertens. 2017 Jun;35(6):1244-1251. doi: 10.1097/HJH.0000000000001288.

Reference Type DERIVED
PMID: 28169880 (View on PubMed)

Other Identifiers

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140815

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id

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