The Effects of Cannabis Use in People With Schizophrenia on Clinical, Neuropsychological and Physiological Phenotypes

NCT ID: NCT01832766

Last Updated: 2015-09-21

Basic Information

• Recruitment Status: TERMINATED
• Clinical Phase: PHASE1/PHASE2
• Total Enrollment: 13 participants
• Study Classification: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Start Date: 2005-06-30
• Study Completion Date: 2011-05-31

Brief Summary

Approximately 25% of people with schizophrenia abuse marijuana. These people may be using marijuana to self-medicate symptoms such as hallucinations (hearing or seeing things that are not heard or seen by others) or delusions (false beliefs i.e. people are harassing or persecuting them) or the depressed and anxious feelings brought on by these symptoms. Currently, it is unknown whether marijuana makes schizophrenia better or worse. Marijuana intoxication in people without schizophrenia generally causes decreased recall of words, may decrease reaction time and decrease inhibition. Additionally, marijuana may cause distractibility as demonstrated by difficulty keeping their eyes on a moving target and difficulty inhibiting their response to repetitive tones. However, marijuana may have different effects in schizophrenia. Receptors for cannabis (marijuana) are concentrated in the brain and maladjustment of the cannabinoid system may be associated with the difficulty in thinking found in schizophrenia. The proposed research project examines if clinical symptoms, learning, memory, inhibition and distractibility are improved or made worse by the acute ingestion of tetrahydrocannabinol (THC).

Detailed Description

The trial will be a double two period (visit) blind cross-over trial with one arm dronabinol 10 mg one arm a placebo control. The order of doses and placebo will be randomized with the restriction that half of the subjects will receive each order. This counterbalances possible visit effects or learning effects associated with the visits. The use of an oral cannabis analog is not equivalent to smoking as the onset of action is slower. This is why people who use dronabinol for chronic pain prefer to smoke cannabis. There is no "high" associated with dronabinol. However, the active ingredients are the same, THC, which will have similar effects on the cannabinoid 1 receptor. Ethically, we did not feel we could ask people to smoke cannabis on one day of study. Subjects will present to the GCRC at 5:00 p.m. They will abstain from use of cannabis overnight. The following morning, at 8:00 a.m., the subject will provide a urine sample for a toxicology screen and a blood sample for quantitative THC levels. They will then be administered either 10 mg of dronabinol or an identical placebo on an alternate day. The subject will then have a baseline assessment of clinical positive and negative symptoms measured by the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS). The majority (70-90%) of people with schizophrenia smoke cigarettes. Thus, it is likely that in this population that smokes cannabis, 100% will also be cigarette smokers. The effects of nicotine via cigarette smoking on the endophenotypes studied is an acute effect, with a peak at about 5 minutes. To preclude nicotine effects on endophenotypes, we have the patient not smoke for 20 minutes prior to and during testing. Nicotine is quickly removed from the body when inhaled and its effects wear off within 20 minutes. Two hours after administration, the subject will perform the following tests: P50 auditory evoked potential- the recording will consist of the presentation of 5 sets of 16 click pairs with an intrapair interval of 500 ms heard through headphones with a 3-minute rest between sets. Brain wave responses will be recorded; neurocognitive assessment-the California Verbal Learning Test will measure verbal memory and the Stroop will measure inhibition; clinical symptom assessment- The BPRS will again be administered measure positive and negative symptoms; and a blood sample will be collected for quantitative THC levels. They will then be escorted by a Clinical Research Center nurse over to a laboratory at Colorado Psychiatric Hospital to perform smooth pursuit eye movements In performing smooth pursuit eye movements, they will watch a dot moving across a computer screen while infrared sensors that are placed just in front of their eyes record their eye movements. Each subject performs 3 trials of one minute each, with 2 minutes rest between each recording. Subjects will be reassessed by the BPRS for drug exacerbation of symptoms, will have vitals, will be checked for adverse effects, will perform a sobriety test (the standard test used in roadside testing i.e. walking a straight line and finger to nose testing) which will be assessed by Dr. Olincy, who is experienced in assessing sobriety, to assure that the patient is not acutely intoxicated and able to perform normal functions that require coordination. If they fail the sobriety test, they will be asked to remain in the (General Clinical Research Center (GCRC) until they can pass the sobriety test. Otherwise, they will then will be discharged at 5:00 p.m. Transportation to and from the GCRC will be by a provided cab service. Subjects will be randomized in blocks of 4 or 6 to the order in which they receive placebo or dronabinol. The interval between the two days of testing will be 1 week.

Conditions

Schizophrenia

Study Design

• Allocation Method: RANDOMIZED
• Intervention Model: CROSSOVER
• Blinding Strategy: TRIPLE

Study Groups

dronabinol

dronabinol 10 mg one capsule by mouth at 8:00 a.m.

Group Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Dronabinol

Intervention Type: DRUG

dronabinol 10 mg one capsule by mouth at 8:00 a.m.

sugar pill

one capsule given by mouth at 8:00 a.m.

Group Type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR

Placebo Comparator

Intervention Type: OTHER

one capsule given by mouth at 8:00 a.m.

Interventions

Dronabinol

dronabinol 10 mg one capsule by mouth at 8:00 a.m.

Intervention Type: DRUG

Placebo Comparator

one capsule given by mouth at 8:00 a.m.

Intervention Type: OTHER

Other Intervention Names

Marinol; Sugar Pill

Eligibility Criteria

Inclusion Criteria

• Male and females
• 18 and 50 years of age
• Diagnosis of schizophrenia
• Chronic cannabis users who have used for at least 1 year
• Using cannabis at least once weekly
• Currently being treated with antipsychotic medication
• Must be on a the same dose of antipsychotic medication for at least 3 months.
• Females of childbearing potential must use an adequate form of birth control while participating.
• Participants will be required to have blood pressures greater than 90/60 and less than 140/90.

Exclusion Criteria

• Use of illicit drugs other than cannabis
• Any psychiatric hospitalizations within 3 months
• pregnancy in females
• taking clozapine

• Minimum Eligible Age: 18 Years
• Maximum Eligible Age: 50 Years
• Eligible Sex: ALL
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Sponsors

National Alliance for Research on Schizophrenia and Depression

OTHER

Sponsor Role: collaborator

University of Colorado, Denver

OTHER

Sponsor Role: lead

Responsible Party

Responsibility Role: SPONSOR

Principal Investigators

Lynn Johnson, Pharm D

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

University of Colorado, Denver

Locations

University of Colorado Denver

Aurora, Colorado, United States

Countries

United States

Other Identifiers

05-0359

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id