Study Results
The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.
Basic Information
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COMPLETED
NA
19 participants
INTERVENTIONAL
2013-01-31
2014-11-30
Brief Summary
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To do this, a randomized crossover intervention study with 3x14 days full diet periods (cheese diet, meat diet or carb diet)will be conducted in 16 postmenopausal women. Between the diet periods there will be at least 14 days of wash-out where the subjects eat their habitual diets. Fasting blood samples will be drawn before and after the diet periods, and also a non-fasting blood sample will be drawn after the diet periods. Furthermore, total feces is collected the last 5 days of each diet period.
Detailed Description
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Conditions
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Study Design
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RANDOMIZED
CROSSOVER
PREVENTION
NONE
Study Groups
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CARB diet
The CARB diet will be a low-fat diet where cheese is replaced by starchy carbohydrates and lean meat. The CARB diet will have the same protein content (15 E%) and quality as the CHEESE and MEAT diet but a lower fat content (approx. 25 E%) and a correspondingly higher carbohydrate content (approx. 60 E%).
Dietary intervention: CARB (High Carbohydrate intake)
CHEESE diet
The CHEESE diet will contain cheese in amounts corresponding to 120 g/day on a 10 MJ diet (approx. 1.8 MJ from cheese). A high dose of cheese is chosen to provoke effects within this short time frame. The cheese types used in this study will be Danbo (45+) and Cheddar (50+) which will be supplied in equal amounts. The CHEESE diet will have the same macronutrient composition as that of the average Danish diet (15 E% from protein, max 35 E% from fat, and max 15 E% from saturated fat).
Dietary intervention: CHEESE (High cheese intake)
MEAT diet
The MEAT diet will be a diet without dairy products. In this diet cheese is mainly replaced by high-fat mixed meat products to achieve saturated fat content and protein quality similar to that of the CHEESE diet. The MEAT diet will have the same macronutrient composition as that of the average Danish diet (15 E% from protein, max 35 E% from fat, and max 15 E% from saturated fat).
Dietary intervention: MEAT (High Meat intake)
Interventions
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Dietary intervention: CHEESE (High cheese intake)
Dietary intervention: MEAT (High Meat intake)
Dietary intervention: CARB (High Carbohydrate intake)
Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria
* Postmenopausal for \>1 year
* Age 45-68 years
* BMI 25-32 kg/m2
* TC \> 4.5 mmol/L and \< 7 mmol/L
* Systolic blood pressure \<160 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure \<100 mmHg
Exclusion Criteria
* Milk allergy
* Nut allergy
* Use of dietary supplements incl. multivitamins (2 months before and during the entire study period)
* Smoking
* Elite athletes (\>10 hours of strenuous physical activity per week)
* Use of prescription medicine which could affect the results of the present study including systemic glucocorticoids
* Use of lipid-lowering agents
* Stable dose of antihypertensive medication \>3 months before study commencement for subjects with high blood pressure
* Hormone replacement therapy
* Blood donation \<1 month before study commencement and during study period
* Simultaneous participation in other clinical studies
* Inability (physically or psychologically) to comply with the procedures required by the protocol
45 Years
68 Years
FEMALE
Yes
Sponsors
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The Danish Dairy Research Foundation, Denmark
OTHER
Dairy Research Institute
OTHER
Dairy Farmers of Canada
OTHER
Centre National Interprofessionel de l'Economie Laitière
OTHER
Dairy Australia
INDUSTRY
Nederlandse Zuivel Organisatie
OTHER
University of Copenhagen
OTHER
Responsible Party
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Arne Astrup
Prof., MD, Head of Department, Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports
Principal Investigators
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Arne Astrup, Prof, MD
Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
Head of Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports
Locations
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Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports
Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
Countries
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References
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Thorning TK, Raziani F, Bendsen NT, Astrup A, Tholstrup T, Raben A. Diets with high-fat cheese, high-fat meat, or carbohydrate on cardiovascular risk markers in overweight postmenopausal women: a randomized crossover trial. Am J Clin Nutr. 2015 Sep;102(3):573-81. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.115.109116. Epub 2015 Jul 15.
Other Identifiers
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B302
Identifier Type: -
Identifier Source: org_study_id