Primary Care-Based Interventions to Reduce Alcohol Use Among HIV Patients

NCT ID: NCT01671501

Last Updated: 2018-10-10

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

COMPLETED

Clinical Phase

NA

Total Enrollment

614 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2013-03-31

Study Completion Date

2017-08-31

Brief Summary

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This randomized clinical trial uses a health plan's electronic medical record (EMR) alcohol screen; and examines innovative behavioral interventions, and their cost effectiveness, for hazardous drinking within a large HIV primary care clinic. We will compare Motivational Interviewing (MI) and Email Feedback (EF) to usual care; and evaluate the effect of the interventions on unhealthy drinking, comorbid drug use, enrollment in substance use treatment programs, and HIV outcomes including antiretroviral therapy adherence, HIV RNA control, and unsafe sex. Given the well-known adverse effects of unhealthy drinking on HIV care and outcomes, the proposed study has the potential to make a significant impact in the care of HIV patients.

Detailed Description

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This application responds to RFA-AA12-009, Interventions to Improve HIV/AIDS and Alcohol-Related Outcomes (U01). The proposed study takes place in a HIV primary care clinic and uses the health plan's electronic medical record (EMR) for screening; it has the potential to provide a significant benefit to HIV-infected individuals by reducing unhealthy drinking and the associated complications. Prior studies have identified high rates of co-occurrence of HIV and unhealthy drinking (defined as drinking over threshold limits, i.e., 4+ daily or 14+ weekly drinks for men and 3+ daily or 7+ weekly drinks for women). Drinking at these levels can compromise antiretroviral (ART) treatment, and increase rates of drug use, depression, unsafe sex, and mortality. The proposed randomized trial examines the comparative effectiveness of two highly implementable behavioral interventions for reducing unhealthy drinking, each with an adaptive, stepped-care component: 1) Motivational Interviewing (MI), consisting of one in-person session with a study clinician and two phone sessions, with three additional phone sessions for those who report unhealthy drinking at 6 months; and 2) Interactive Email Feedback (EF) on alcohol use risks using a secure messaging system integrated into the Electronic Medical Record (EMR), with additional emailed feedback for those who report unhealthy drinking at 6 months. MI and EF are delivered by study staff. A third arm will be usual care only. Participants in all three arms are eligible to receive alcohol screening, brief intervention, and referral to treatment (SBIRT) from usual care clinic staff. We will also evaluate the cost-effectiveness of the two interventions which have the potential for wide adoption in other similar healthcare settings. The two proposed interventions, MI and EF, are promising approaches for reducing unhealthy drinking in the setting of behavioral health and/or primary care. EF also uses secure messaging, an emerging technology that has been tested in other health, behavior change and mental health treatment settings, for problems including alcohol use but not among HIV-infected individuals. In this trial, 600 patients (200 in each arm) will be recruited from Kaiser Permanente Northern California (KPNC) San Francisco. The study population and clinic are ideal to examine such interventions since NIAAA-based screening questions are recorded in the EMR, and comprehensive data are available on health care utilization, ART adherence, and HIV clinical outcomes, including the Veterans Aging Cohort Study (VACS) index, a recently validated prognostic index based on routine clinical laboratory measures. The research team is well-qualified with complementary expertise in clinical psychology, drug and alcohol abuse treatment, HIV epidemiology, and biostatistics. Thus, the team and study setting provide the ideal environment to test MI and EF, two innovative approaches for reducing unhealthy alcohol use in this population, and may provide powerful, and generalizable tools for assisting individuals with HIV infection.

Conditions

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HIV Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome Alcoholism Alcoholic Intoxication Substance-Related Disorders

Study Design

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Allocation Method

RANDOMIZED

Intervention Model

PARALLEL

Primary Study Purpose

TREATMENT

Blinding Strategy

SINGLE

Participants

Study Groups

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Motivational Interviewing

The intervention consists of one 45-minute in-person session followed by two 20-minute telephone sessions.The first telephone MI session will occur approximately 10 days after the in-person session. The second call will occur 30 days after the first call. The same research clinician will conduct both the in-person session and phone sessions. The calls will include a review of material covered in the initial session, questions on alcohol use, open-ended questions regarding patients' current motivational level, and a review of the patient's initial goals regarding alcohol consumption and will last about 20 minutes. If after six months hazardous drinking is noted, three more motivational interviewing phone sessions will be delivered by the research clinician.

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Motivational Interviewing

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Email Feedback

Each participant will receive up to three detailed emails, (if participants respond to a first, initial email with information on alcohol use risks). The initial and subsequent emails will be brief in length, and will include specific information on hazardous drinking levels, standard drink size; as well as advice to reduce drinking to non-hazardous levels. Each email will conclude with contact numbers for patients to receive further information and assistance if needed, including information on how to easily access SU treatment; and will encourage participants to respond to the research clinician with questions. If after six months hazardous drinking is detected, up to 3 more detailed emails will be delivered to the participant.

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Email Feedback

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Usual Care

Participants in this arm will receive routine primary care services only. Usual care in this health care setting may include alcohol screening, brief intervention and referral to treatment (SBIRT) delivered by usual care clinic staff

Group Type OTHER

Usual Care

Intervention Type OTHER

Interventions

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Motivational Interviewing

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Email Feedback

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Usual Care

Intervention Type OTHER

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

* Adults ages 18 and over seeking HIV services at the KPNC San Francisco medical center
* Report of any unhealthy drinking in the previous year (≥ 3 drinks in a day or 7+ per week for women and ≥ 4 drinks in a day or 14+ per week for men) and,
* Report of web access at time of recruitment

Exclusion Criteria

Clinical recommendation from providers that patients are not appropriate due to:

* Acute psychiatric problems; OR
* Inability to understand consent procedures
Minimum Eligible Age

18 Years

Maximum Eligible Age

100 Years

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Sponsors

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Kaiser Foundation Research Institute

OTHER

Sponsor Role collaborator

University of California, San Francisco

OTHER

Sponsor Role lead

Responsible Party

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Responsibility Role SPONSOR

Principal Investigators

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Derek Satre, PhD

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Associate Professor, University of California, San Francisco and Adjunct Investigator, Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente, Northern California

Michael J Silverberg, PhD

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Research Scientist II, Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente, Northern California

Locations

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Kaiser Permanente Northern California San Francisco Medical Center; 2238 Geary Blvd

San Francisco, California, United States

Site Status

Countries

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United States

References

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Other Identifiers

Review additional registry numbers or institutional identifiers associated with this trial.

P0048609_Satre

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id

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