Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) and Recreational Activity for Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD)

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

COMPLETED

Clinical Phase

NA

Total Enrollment

68 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2005-08-31

Study Completion Date

2011-09-30

Brief Summary

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The purpose of this study is to determine if adults with autism spectrum disorder and with normal intelligence improve from 36 sessions (1 calendar year) of group treatment with Cognitive Behavioural Therapy or recreational activity in groups with 6-8 participants.

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Detailed Description

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The purpose of this study was to compare two group interventions for psychiatric patients with Autism spectrum disorder and normal intelligence: Cognitive Behavioural Therapy developed to suit adults with Autism spectrum disorder, and recreational activity, enabling social interaction. The recreational activity intervention served as a low-impact option, easily organised within the community. It is not a placebo; rather it controls for the positive effects that come out of a structured social environment and group setting. The investigators hypothesized that both interventions would lead to improvement in quality of life, well-being and relief in psychiatric symptoms, with a greater effect in the Cognitive Behavioural Therapy intervention compared to recreational activity. A cumulative follow-up was made, within 5 1/2 years after the start of the treatments. Additional questions adapted to the patient group were added at this 5 1/2 year time point.

Conditions

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Asperger Syndrome Autistic Disorder Atypical Autism

Study Design

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Allocation Method

RANDOMIZED

Intervention Model

PARALLEL

Primary Study Purpose

TREATMENT

Blinding Strategy

NONE

Study Groups

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Cognitive behaviour therapy

36 weekly sessions (1 calendar year) of Cognitive behaviour therapy in a group setting.

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Cognitive behaviour therapy

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

The CBT intervention consisted of five elements: (a) structure, (b) group setting, (c) psycho-education, (d) social training and (e) CBT.

The participants were presented with the session plan for the whole year and given a binder in which they kept all materials. In addition, each session followed a strict agenda: (1) introduction and presentation of the agenda of the day, (2) resume of homework assignments from the previous session, (3) psycho-educative lecture and discussions on the session topic, (4) coffee break with buns or sandwiches, and social interaction, (5) relaxation or mindfulness exercise, (6) discussions and exercises on the session topic, (7) distribution of homework and (8) evaluation and end of session.

Recreational activity intervention

36 sessions (1 calendar year) of a group intervention to enable social interaction and to break social isolation.

Group Type ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Recreational activity intervention

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

The therapists did not provide any deliberate interventions, such as psychoeducation, social training or CBT. Instead, the intervention relied on structure and group setting only. During the first session the participants were asked to write down group activities they would like to engage in. The therapists created a list of the suggested activities, such as visiting museums, board game playing, cooking, restaurant visits, boating, cinema and taking walks. The participants voted for the activity of the next session.

Interventions

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Cognitive behaviour therapy

The CBT intervention consisted of five elements: (a) structure, (b) group setting, (c) psycho-education, (d) social training and (e) CBT.

The participants were presented with the session plan for the whole year and given a binder in which they kept all materials. In addition, each session followed a strict agenda: (1) introduction and presentation of the agenda of the day, (2) resume of homework assignments from the previous session, (3) psycho-educative lecture and discussions on the session topic, (4) coffee break with buns or sandwiches, and social interaction, (5) relaxation or mindfulness exercise, (6) discussions and exercises on the session topic, (7) distribution of homework and (8) evaluation and end of session.

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Recreational activity intervention

The therapists did not provide any deliberate interventions, such as psychoeducation, social training or CBT. Instead, the intervention relied on structure and group setting only. During the first session the participants were asked to write down group activities they would like to engage in. The therapists created a list of the suggested activities, such as visiting museums, board game playing, cooking, restaurant visits, boating, cinema and taking walks. The participants voted for the activity of the next session.

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

* Clinical diagnosis of autism spectrum disorders
* Normal intelligence as assumed by mainstream schooling
* Acceptance of a group setting
* Being able to transport themselves to the clinic (with or without support)