Trial Outcomes & Findings for Effects of ROFLUMILAST on Subclinical Atherosclerosis in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) (NCT NCT01630200)

NCT ID: NCT01630200

Last Updated: 2019-04-12

Results Overview

Carotid femoral-Pulse Wave Velocity (cf-PWV) will be measured non-invasively via applanation tonometry (AtCor Medical, Sydney, Australia). Wave propagation time will be calculated by the system software, using an ECG-gated reference frame. Aortic PWV is defined as the distance between two recording sites (i.e. common carotid- and femoral artery) divided by the wave propagation time.

Recruitment status

COMPLETED

Study phase

PHASE4

Target enrollment

80 participants

Primary outcome timeframe

baseline, month 6

Results posted on

2019-04-12

Participant Flow

Patients were recruited from the Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine in the Otto Wagner Hospital in Vienna and supporting centres (hospitals, outpatient clinics, respiratory specialists).

After inclusion, patients entered a 4 week, single-masked run-in period with placebo application. Given sufficient compliance to medication (≥70% of tablets) patients were randomized to receive either the study drug (Roflumilast 500 μg) or placebo in a double-masked manner.

Participant milestones

Participant milestones
Measure
Roflumilast
Active arm including patients who receive the study drug (500µg Roflumilast once daily) Roflumilast: Roflumilast coated tablet, 500µg oral application, once daily in the morning
Placebo
Control arm including patients who receive the placebo tablet (once daily) Placebo: Placebo coated tablet (visually identical to 500µg Roflumilast tablet), oral application, once daily in the morning
Overall Study
STARTED
40
40
Overall Study
COMPLETED
33
34
Overall Study
NOT COMPLETED
7
6

Reasons for withdrawal

Withdrawal data not reported

Baseline Characteristics

Effects of ROFLUMILAST on Subclinical Atherosclerosis in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)

Baseline characteristics by cohort

Baseline characteristics by cohort
Measure
Roflumilast
n=40 Participants
Active arm including patients who receive the study drug (500µg Roflumilast once daily) Roflumilast: Roflumilast coated tablet, 500µg oral application, once daily in the morning
Placebo
n=40 Participants
Control arm including patients who receive the placebo tablet (once daily) Placebo: Placebo coated tablet (visually identical to 500µg Roflumilast tablet), oral application, once daily in the morning
Total
n=80 Participants
Total of all reporting groups
Race (NIH/OMB)
Asian
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Black or African American
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
Age, Continuous
64.5 years
n=5 Participants
64.5 years
n=7 Participants
64.5 years
n=5 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Female
22 Participants
n=5 Participants
16 Participants
n=7 Participants
38 Participants
n=5 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Male
18 Participants
n=5 Participants
24 Participants
n=7 Participants
42 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
American Indian or Alaska Native
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
White
40 Participants
n=5 Participants
40 Participants
n=7 Participants
80 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
More than one race
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Unknown or Not Reported
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
Region of Enrollment
Austria
40 participants
n=5 Participants
40 participants
n=7 Participants
80 participants
n=5 Participants

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: baseline, month 6

Carotid femoral-Pulse Wave Velocity (cf-PWV) will be measured non-invasively via applanation tonometry (AtCor Medical, Sydney, Australia). Wave propagation time will be calculated by the system software, using an ECG-gated reference frame. Aortic PWV is defined as the distance between two recording sites (i.e. common carotid- and femoral artery) divided by the wave propagation time.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Roflumilast
n=33 Participants
Active arm including patients who receive the study drug (500µg Roflumilast once daily) Roflumilast: Roflumilast coated tablet, 500µg oral application, once daily in the morning
Placebo
n=34 Participants
Control arm including patients who receive the placebo tablet (once daily) Placebo: Placebo coated tablet (visually identical to 500µg Roflumilast tablet), oral application, once daily in the morning
Change From Baseline in Carotid Femoral-Pulse Wave Velocity at Month 6
1.07 meters per second (m/s)
Interval 0.98 to 1.17
0.99 meters per second (m/s)
Interval 0.91 to 1.08

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: baseline, month 6

Endothelial dysfunction will be assessed by Flow Mediated Dilation via the Endopat device. This validated system measures the pulse wave amplitudes at the tip of both index fingers. The dominant arm will be occluded for 5 minutes by a sphygmomanometric cuff. After cuff deflation the pulse wave amplitude will be assessed to finally calculate the ratio of pulse wave amplitude before and after cuff-induced hyperemia. The so called reactive hyperemia index represents endothelial dysfunction at the level of conduit as well as resistance vessels.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Roflumilast
n=33 Participants
Active arm including patients who receive the study drug (500µg Roflumilast once daily) Roflumilast: Roflumilast coated tablet, 500µg oral application, once daily in the morning
Placebo
n=34 Participants
Control arm including patients who receive the placebo tablet (once daily) Placebo: Placebo coated tablet (visually identical to 500µg Roflumilast tablet), oral application, once daily in the morning
Change From Baseline in Reactive Hyperemia Index at Month 6
0.99 Index
Interval 0.88 to 1.11
1.02 Index
Interval 0.91 to 1.15

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: baseline, month 6

The curve of the peripheral pressure wave will be recorded from the radial artery. Augmentation index (Aix) will be calculated from the generated central aortic pressure waveform via pulse wave analysis function. To correct for respective influences, Aix will be adjusted for a heart rate of 75 bpm. Appropriate intra observer validity will be assured via an operator index ≥ 80.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Roflumilast
n=33 Participants
Active arm including patients who receive the study drug (500µg Roflumilast once daily) Roflumilast: Roflumilast coated tablet, 500µg oral application, once daily in the morning
Placebo
n=34 Participants
Control arm including patients who receive the placebo tablet (once daily) Placebo: Placebo coated tablet (visually identical to 500µg Roflumilast tablet), oral application, once daily in the morning
Change From Baseline in Augmentation Index at Month 6
-1.11 Index
Interval -5.33 to 3.11
-1.99 Index
Interval -6.12 to 2.14

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: baseline, month 6

Circulating levels of Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) will be quantified from venous blood samples via Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Roflumilast
n=33 Participants
Active arm including patients who receive the study drug (500µg Roflumilast once daily) Roflumilast: Roflumilast coated tablet, 500µg oral application, once daily in the morning
Placebo
n=34 Participants
Control arm including patients who receive the placebo tablet (once daily) Placebo: Placebo coated tablet (visually identical to 500µg Roflumilast tablet), oral application, once daily in the morning
Change From Baseline in Matrix Metalloproteinase-9
-143 ng/ml
Interval -370.0 to 84.6
-77 ng/ml
Interval -301.0 to 147.0

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: baseline, month 6

Circulating levels of Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) will be quantified from venous blood samples via Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Roflumilast
n=33 Participants
Active arm including patients who receive the study drug (500µg Roflumilast once daily) Roflumilast: Roflumilast coated tablet, 500µg oral application, once daily in the morning
Placebo
n=34 Participants
Control arm including patients who receive the placebo tablet (once daily) Placebo: Placebo coated tablet (visually identical to 500µg Roflumilast tablet), oral application, once daily in the morning
Change From Baseline in Asymmetric Dimethylarginine at Month 6
0.97 µmol/l
Interval 0.88 to 1.06
0.91 µmol/l
Interval 0.83 to 1.0

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: baseline, month 6

Circulating levels of Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) will be quantified from venous blood samples via Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Roflumilast
n=33 Participants
Active arm including patients who receive the study drug (500µg Roflumilast once daily) Roflumilast: Roflumilast coated tablet, 500µg oral application, once daily in the morning
Placebo
n=34 Participants
Control arm including patients who receive the placebo tablet (once daily) Placebo: Placebo coated tablet (visually identical to 500µg Roflumilast tablet), oral application, once daily in the morning
Change From Baseline in Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha at Month 6
0.95 pg/ml
Interval 0.82 to 1.08
1.06 pg/ml
Interval 0.92 to 1.22

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: baseline, month 6

Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 second (FEV1) will be measured via standardized Spirometry

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Roflumilast
n=33 Participants
Active arm including patients who receive the study drug (500µg Roflumilast once daily) Roflumilast: Roflumilast coated tablet, 500µg oral application, once daily in the morning
Placebo
n=34 Participants
Control arm including patients who receive the placebo tablet (once daily) Placebo: Placebo coated tablet (visually identical to 500µg Roflumilast tablet), oral application, once daily in the morning
Change From Baseline in Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 Second at Month 6
1.02 % predicted
Interval 0.96 to 1.08
1.01 % predicted
Interval 0.96 to 1.07

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: baseline, month 6

6-Minute Walk Test (6MWT) will be assessed to quantify functional exercise capacity following the standardized protocol of the American Thoracic Society

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Roflumilast
n=33 Participants
Active arm including patients who receive the study drug (500µg Roflumilast once daily) Roflumilast: Roflumilast coated tablet, 500µg oral application, once daily in the morning
Placebo
n=34 Participants
Control arm including patients who receive the placebo tablet (once daily) Placebo: Placebo coated tablet (visually identical to 500µg Roflumilast tablet), oral application, once daily in the morning
Change From Baseline in 6-Minute Walk Test at Month 6
59.2 meters
Interval 18.3 to 100.0
0.69 meters
Interval -39.7 to 41.1

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: baseline, month 6

COPD Assessment Test (CAT) will be assessed to quantify patients disease related symptoms and to measure the impact of COPD on a patient's life, and how this changes over time. CAT is a standardised and validated patient questionaire comprising 8 distinct questions about different COPD-related symptoms. Each symptom is quantified by the patient on a numeric scale ranging from 0 to 5. Each symptom gives a number of points quantified as interval data without decimal places. The 8 different numbers of points are added to a total number expressed as the final points of the CAT score. The minimum achievable number of points is 0 and the maximum achievable number of points is 40. Higher values provide high symptoms and worse outcome, lower values provide low symptoms and better outcome.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Roflumilast
n=33 Participants
Active arm including patients who receive the study drug (500µg Roflumilast once daily) Roflumilast: Roflumilast coated tablet, 500µg oral application, once daily in the morning
Placebo
n=34 Participants
Control arm including patients who receive the placebo tablet (once daily) Placebo: Placebo coated tablet (visually identical to 500µg Roflumilast tablet), oral application, once daily in the morning
Change From Baseline in COPD Assessment Test at Month 6
0.42 units on a scale
Interval -1.36 to 2.19
1.2 units on a scale
Interval -0.57 to 2.98

Adverse Events

Roflumilast

Serious events: 13 serious events
Other events: 27 other events
Deaths: 2 deaths

Placebo

Serious events: 9 serious events
Other events: 22 other events
Deaths: 1 deaths

Serious adverse events

Serious adverse events
Measure
Roflumilast
n=40 participants at risk
Active arm including patients who receive the study drug (500µg Roflumilast once daily) Roflumilast: Roflumilast coated tablet, 500µg oral application, once daily in the morning
Placebo
n=40 participants at risk
Control arm including patients who receive the placebo tablet (once daily) Placebo: Placebo coated tablet (visually identical to 500µg Roflumilast tablet), oral application, once daily in the morning
Nervous system disorders
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
0.00%
0/40 • 6 months
2.5%
1/40 • Number of events 1 • 6 months
Cardiac disorders
Atrial fibrillation
2.5%
1/40 • Number of events 1 • 6 months
0.00%
0/40 • 6 months
Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
Bronchoscopic lung volume reduction
2.5%
1/40 • Number of events 1 • 6 months
2.5%
1/40 • Number of events 1 • 6 months
Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
Pulmonary nodule
0.00%
0/40 • 6 months
2.5%
1/40 • Number of events 1 • 6 months
Vascular disorders
Carotid artery stenosis
2.5%
1/40 • Number of events 1 • 6 months
0.00%
0/40 • 6 months
Vascular disorders
Diabetic vasculopathy
2.5%
1/40 • Number of events 1 • 6 months
0.00%
0/40 • 6 months
Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
Bronchoscopy for bronchiectasis
0.00%
0/40 • 6 months
2.5%
1/40 • Number of events 1 • 6 months
Investigations
Death (unknown origin)
2.5%
1/40 • Number of events 1 • 6 months
0.00%
0/40 • 6 months
Gastrointestinal disorders
Gastric ulcer
2.5%
1/40 • Number of events 1 • 6 months
0.00%
0/40 • 6 months
Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
Hypercapnic decompensation
2.5%
1/40 • Number of events 1 • 6 months
0.00%
0/40 • 6 months
Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
Pneumonia
7.5%
3/40 • Number of events 3 • 6 months
12.5%
5/40 • Number of events 5 • 6 months
Metabolism and nutrition disorders
Hyponatremia
2.5%
1/40 • Number of events 1 • 6 months
0.00%
0/40 • 6 months
Nervous system disorders
insomnia
2.5%
1/40 • Number of events 1 • 6 months
0.00%
0/40 • 6 months
Gastrointestinal disorders
Polypectomy
0.00%
0/40 • 6 months
2.5%
1/40 • Number of events 1 • 6 months
Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
COPD exacerbation
12.5%
5/40 • Number of events 6 • 6 months
2.5%
1/40 • Number of events 1 • 6 months

Other adverse events

Other adverse events
Measure
Roflumilast
n=40 participants at risk
Active arm including patients who receive the study drug (500µg Roflumilast once daily) Roflumilast: Roflumilast coated tablet, 500µg oral application, once daily in the morning
Placebo
n=40 participants at risk
Control arm including patients who receive the placebo tablet (once daily) Placebo: Placebo coated tablet (visually identical to 500µg Roflumilast tablet), oral application, once daily in the morning
Gastrointestinal disorders
Weight loss
15.0%
6/40 • Number of events 6 • 6 months
0.00%
0/40 • 6 months
Nervous system disorders
Headache
5.0%
2/40 • Number of events 2 • 6 months
0.00%
0/40 • 6 months
Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
Cough
0.00%
0/40 • 6 months
5.0%
2/40 • Number of events 2 • 6 months
Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
Common cold
12.5%
5/40 • Number of events 6 • 6 months
10.0%
4/40 • Number of events 6 • 6 months
Gastrointestinal disorders
Abdominal pain
2.5%
1/40 • Number of events 1 • 6 months
0.00%
0/40 • 6 months
Gastrointestinal disorders
Loss of appetite
2.5%
1/40 • Number of events 1 • 6 months
0.00%
0/40 • 6 months
Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
Cramps in upper/lower extremities
10.0%
4/40 • Number of events 4 • 6 months
2.5%
1/40 • Number of events 1 • 6 months
Gastrointestinal disorders
Diarrhea
7.5%
3/40 • Number of events 3 • 6 months
0.00%
0/40 • 6 months
Nervous system disorders
Nausea
5.0%
2/40 • Number of events 2 • 6 months
0.00%
0/40 • 6 months
Nervous system disorders
Insomnia
2.5%
1/40 • Number of events 1 • 6 months
0.00%
0/40 • 6 months
Nervous system disorders
Tremor
0.00%
0/40 • 6 months
2.5%
1/40 • Number of events 1 • 6 months
Vascular disorders
Pulmonary embolism
0.00%
0/40 • 6 months
2.5%
1/40 • Number of events 1 • 6 months
Infections and infestations
Influenca
0.00%
0/40 • 6 months
5.0%
2/40 • Number of events 2 • 6 months
Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
COPD exacerbation
35.0%
14/40 • Number of events 19 • 6 months
40.0%
16/40 • Number of events 24 • 6 months
Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
Pneumonia
2.5%
1/40 • Number of events 1 • 6 months
0.00%
0/40 • 6 months
Gastrointestinal disorders
Obstipation
0.00%
0/40 • 6 months
2.5%
1/40 • Number of events 1 • 6 months
Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
Herniated vertebral disc
0.00%
0/40 • 6 months
2.5%
1/40 • Number of events 1 • 6 months

Additional Information

Dr. Matthias Urban

Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for COPD and Respiratory Epidemiology

Phone: +43(0)6508125980

Results disclosure agreements

  • Principal investigator is a sponsor employee
  • Publication restrictions are in place