Rifampin-Based Tuberculosis Treatment Versus Rifabutin-Based Tuberculosis Treatment in Persons With HIV

NCT ID: NCT01601626

Last Updated: 2018-02-13

Study Results

Results available

Outcome measurements, participant flow, baseline characteristics, and adverse events have been published for this study.

View full results

Basic Information

Get a concise snapshot of the trial, including recruitment status, study phase, enrollment targets, and key timeline milestones.

Recruitment Status

TERMINATED

Clinical Phase

PHASE2

Total Enrollment

71 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2013-07-13

Study Completion Date

2017-06-28

Brief Summary

Review the sponsor-provided synopsis that highlights what the study is about and why it is being conducted.

There is a rapidly-growing need to identify evidence-based, safe, and effective co-treatment regimens for HIV-related tuberculosis (TB) among patients who require protease inhibitor (PI)-based antiretroviral therapy (ART). This study compared three alternative co-treatment options among participants in high TB endemic resource-constrained settings, in which one co-treatment option explores if an additional anti-HIV drug needs to be used when patients are being treated with a PI together with rifabutin-based anti-TB treatment.

Detailed Description

Dive into the extended narrative that explains the scientific background, objectives, and procedures in greater depth.

Rifampin (RIF), the cornerstone of TB treatment, has very problematic drug-drug interactions with PIs. The use of relatively high doses of ritonavir appear necessary to overcome this interaction, but it is unclear whether the co-treatment regimen of RIF-based TB treatment and double-dose PI-based ART will be safe and tolerable for patients with HIV-related TB and effective in treating both HIV and TB. The study proposed to determine if, for HIV-1-infected participants with active TB who require PI-based ART, a standard-dose lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r) regimen, with or without raltegravir (RAL), coupled with rifabutin (RBT)-based TB treatment is superior to a double-dose LPV/r regimen coupled with RIF-based TB treatment.

At study entry, participants were randomized (1:1:1) to receive standard-dose LPV/r-based HIV treatment plus RBT-based TB treatment (Arm A), double-dose LPV/r-based HIV treatment plus RIF-based TB treatment (Arm B), or standard-dose LPV/r-based HIV treatment plus RAL plus RBT-based TB treatment (Arm C).

Accrual was planned to take place in two accrual periods. Accrual period 1 would enroll 60 participants who would undergo an initial dose-finding period before continuing regular study follow-up. Once the review of the dose-finding pharmacokinetic (PK) and safety data from accrual period 1 participants was completed, accrual period 2 was planned to open to accrual.

Study duration was 72 weeks. Visits occurred at weeks 2, 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, 32, 40, 48, and 72. The key evaluations included physical examination, clinical assessments, TB evaluations including chest x-ray, acid-fast bacilli (AFB) smear, mycobacterial culture, and drug susceptibility testing, CD4 cell count, HIV viral load, hematology, chemistry, and pregnancy testing in women of reproductive potential. Sputum, serum, and urine were stored for use in future analyses. An intensive PK visit occurred at day 12. PK blood draws in participants in Arms A and C were at RBT pre-dose and at 2, 4, 5, 6, and 24 hours RBT post-dose. PK blood draws in participants in Arm B were at LPV/r pre-dose and at 2, 4, 5, and 6 hours LPV/r post-dose.

The target sample size was 471 participants, but the study was terminated after 71 participants due to feasibility concerns. The 71 participants were followed for the planned 72 weeks. Because of the limited sample size, formal statistical comparisons were not undertaken as originally planned.

Conditions

See the medical conditions and disease areas that this research is targeting or investigating.

HIV Infection Tuberculosis

Study Design

Understand how the trial is structured, including allocation methods, masking strategies, primary purpose, and other design elements.

Allocation Method

RANDOMIZED

Intervention Model

PARALLEL

Primary Study Purpose

TREATMENT

Blinding Strategy

NONE

Study Groups

Review each arm or cohort in the study, along with the interventions and objectives associated with them.

A: Standard-dose LPV/r w/RBT

ART: lopinavir 400 mg/ritonavir 100 mg twice daily + two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors.

Anti-TB therapy: isoniazid 300 mg, rifabutin 300 mg, weight-based dosing for ethambutol and pyrazinamide, and pyridoxine 25 mg daily.

After completion of TB treatment through week 72: lopinavir 400 mg/ritonavir 100 mg twice daily + two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs).

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Standard-dose Lopinavir/Ritonavir

Intervention Type DRUG

Two LPV 200 mg/RTV 50 mg fixed-dose combination tablets orally twice daily from entry to Week 72.

Isoniazid

Intervention Type DRUG

300 mg orally once daily from entry through Week 24.

Pyridoxine

Intervention Type DRUG

25 mg orally once daily from entry to Week 24.

Pyrazinamide

Intervention Type DRUG

20 to 30 mg/kg orally once daily (not to exceed 2 g per day) from entry through Week 8 study visit (or until completion of intensive TB treatment as determined after dose adjustment in accrual period 1 participants).

Ethambutol

Intervention Type DRUG

15 to 20 mg/kg orally once daily from entry through Week 8 study visit (or until completion of intensive TB treatment as determined after dose adjustment in accrual period 1 participants).

Rifabutin

Intervention Type DRUG

300 mg of rifabutin orally once until LPV/RTV is started; then the dose will be reduced to 150 mg daily from the start of LPV/RTV through Week 24.

B: Double-dose LPV/r w/RIF

ART: lopinavir 800 mg/ritonavir 200 mg twice daily + two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors.

Anti-TB therapy: isoniazid 300 mg, weight-based dosing for rifampin, ethambutol, and pyrazinamide, and pyridoxine 25 mg daily.

After completion of TB treatment through week 72: lopinavir 400 mg/ritonavir 100 mg twice daily + two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs).

Group Type ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Double-dose Lopinavir/Ritonavir

Intervention Type DRUG

Four LPV 200 mg/RTV 50 mg fixed-dose combination tablets orally twice daily from entry through Week 72.

Isoniazid

Intervention Type DRUG

300 mg orally once daily from entry through Week 24.

Pyridoxine

Intervention Type DRUG

25 mg orally once daily from entry to Week 24.

Pyrazinamide

Intervention Type DRUG

20 to 30 mg/kg orally once daily (not to exceed 2 g per day) from entry through Week 8 study visit (or until completion of intensive TB treatment as determined after dose adjustment in accrual period 1 participants).

Ethambutol

Intervention Type DRUG

15 to 20 mg/kg orally once daily from entry through Week 8 study visit (or until completion of intensive TB treatment as determined after dose adjustment in accrual period 1 participants).

Rifampin

Intervention Type DRUG

Weight-based dose; for weight \< 45 kg: 450 mg orally once daily; for weight \> 45 kg: 600 mg orally once daily, from entry to week 24.

C: Standard-Dose LPV/r w/RBT + RAL

ART: lopinavir 400 mg/ritonavir 100 mg twice daily + raltegravir 400 mg twice daily + two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors.

Anti-TB therapy: isoniazid 300 mg, rifabutin 300 mg, weight-based dosing for ethambutol and pyrazinamide, and pyridoxine 25 mg daily.

After completion of TB treatment through week 72: lopinavir 400 mg/ritonavir 100 mg twice daily + two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs).

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Standard-dose Lopinavir/Ritonavir

Intervention Type DRUG

Two LPV 200 mg/RTV 50 mg fixed-dose combination tablets orally twice daily from entry to Week 72.

Raltegravir

Intervention Type DRUG

One 400 mg tablet orally twice daily from entry to Week 72.

Isoniazid

Intervention Type DRUG

300 mg orally once daily from entry through Week 24.

Pyridoxine

Intervention Type DRUG

25 mg orally once daily from entry to Week 24.

Pyrazinamide

Intervention Type DRUG

20 to 30 mg/kg orally once daily (not to exceed 2 g per day) from entry through Week 8 study visit (or until completion of intensive TB treatment as determined after dose adjustment in accrual period 1 participants).

Ethambutol

Intervention Type DRUG

15 to 20 mg/kg orally once daily from entry through Week 8 study visit (or until completion of intensive TB treatment as determined after dose adjustment in accrual period 1 participants).

Rifabutin

Intervention Type DRUG

300 mg of rifabutin orally once until LPV/RTV is started; then the dose will be reduced to 150 mg daily from the start of LPV/RTV through Week 24.

Interventions

Learn about the drugs, procedures, or behavioral strategies being tested and how they are applied within this trial.

Standard-dose Lopinavir/Ritonavir

Two LPV 200 mg/RTV 50 mg fixed-dose combination tablets orally twice daily from entry to Week 72.

Intervention Type DRUG

Double-dose Lopinavir/Ritonavir

Four LPV 200 mg/RTV 50 mg fixed-dose combination tablets orally twice daily from entry through Week 72.

Intervention Type DRUG

Raltegravir

One 400 mg tablet orally twice daily from entry to Week 72.

Intervention Type DRUG

Isoniazid

300 mg orally once daily from entry through Week 24.

Intervention Type DRUG

Pyridoxine

25 mg orally once daily from entry to Week 24.

Intervention Type DRUG

Pyrazinamide

20 to 30 mg/kg orally once daily (not to exceed 2 g per day) from entry through Week 8 study visit (or until completion of intensive TB treatment as determined after dose adjustment in accrual period 1 participants).

Intervention Type DRUG

Ethambutol

15 to 20 mg/kg orally once daily from entry through Week 8 study visit (or until completion of intensive TB treatment as determined after dose adjustment in accrual period 1 participants).

Intervention Type DRUG

Rifabutin

300 mg of rifabutin orally once until LPV/RTV is started; then the dose will be reduced to 150 mg daily from the start of LPV/RTV through Week 24.

Intervention Type DRUG

Rifampin

Weight-based dose; for weight \< 45 kg: 450 mg orally once daily; for weight \> 45 kg: 600 mg orally once daily, from entry to week 24.

Intervention Type DRUG

Other Intervention Names

Discover alternative or legacy names that may be used to describe the listed interventions across different sources.

LPV/RTV LPV/r Aluvia Kaletra LPV/RTV LPV/r Aluvia Kaletra RAL Isentress INH Vitamin B6 PZA EMB RBT RIF

Eligibility Criteria

Check the participation requirements, including inclusion and exclusion rules, age limits, and whether healthy volunteers are accepted.

Inclusion Criteria

* HIV-1 infection
* CD4+/CD8+ T-cell count obtained within 30 days prior to study entry
* Confirmed or probable pulmonary or extrapulmonary TB (more information on the criterion can be found in the protocol)
* Chest x-ray within 30 days prior to study entry
* A PI-based antiretroviral regimen is required, as determined by the participant's primary clinician/clinical facility
* Certain laboratory values obtained within 14 days prior to study entry (more information on the criterion can be found in the protocol)
* For females of reproductive potential, negative serum or urine pregnancy test within 7 days prior to study entry and 72 hours of starting study medications
* Willing to use acceptable methods of contraception while on study drugs and for 6 weeks after stopping these drugs
* Karnofsky performance score \> 40 within 14 days prior to study entry, and likelihood of survival, in the opinion of the site investigator, for at least 6 months
* Ability to swallow oral medications
* Ability and willingness of participant or legal guardian/representative to provide informed consent

Exclusion Criteria

* History of completed TB treatment and resolution of TB symptoms less than 1 year prior to the current TB episode at study entry, or incomplete treatment for a prior episode of TB (i.e., defaulted past TB treatment) at any time prior to the current TB episode
* Documented multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR TB) or extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (XDR TB)
* Participants infected with a rifamycin resistant strain of TB (more information on the criterion can be found in the protocol)
* Receipt of more than 28 cumulative days of anti-TB treatment for the current TB episode prior to study entry
* Active drug or alcohol use or dependence that, in the opinion of the site investigator, would interfere with adherence to study requirements
* Active illness requiring systemic treatment and/or hospitalization within 30 days prior to study entry, or that in the opinion of the site investigator, might otherwise interfere with adherence to study requirements
* Pregnant or breastfeeding
* Anticipated receipt of prohibited medications (more information on the criterion can be found in the protocol)
* Known intolerance/allergy/sensitivity or any hypersensitivity to components of study drugs or their formulations
* History of close contact with known MDR or XDR TB patients at any time prior to study entry
Minimum Eligible Age

18 Years

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Sponsors

Meet the organizations funding or collaborating on the study and learn about their roles.

National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)

NIH

Sponsor Role collaborator

Advancing Clinical Therapeutics Globally for HIV/AIDS and Other Infections

NETWORK

Sponsor Role lead

Responsible Party

Identify the individual or organization who holds primary responsibility for the study information submitted to regulators.

Responsibility Role SPONSOR

Principal Investigators

Learn about the lead researchers overseeing the trial and their institutional affiliations.

Constance A Benson, MD

Role: STUDY_CHAIR

University of California, San Diego

Umesh Lalloo, MD, FRCP

Role: STUDY_CHAIR

Nelson R. Mandela School of Medicine

Locations

Explore where the study is taking place and check the recruitment status at each participating site.

Hospital Nossa Senhora da Conceicao CRS (12201)

Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

Site Status

Instituto de Pesquisa Clinica Evandro Chagas (12101)

Rio de Janeiro, , Brazil

Site Status

Les Centres GHESKIO CRS (30022)

Port-au-Prince, , Haiti

Site Status

GHESKIO Institute of Infectious Diseases and Reproductive Health (GHESKIO - IMIS) CRS (31730)

Port-au-Prince, , Haiti

Site Status

Moi University Clinical Research Center CRS (12601)

Eldoret, , Kenya

Site Status

Investigaciones Medicas en Salud (INMENSA) (11302)

San Isidro, Lima region, Peru

Site Status

Asociacion Civil Impacta Salud y Educacion - Miraf CRS (11301)

Lima, , Peru

Site Status

Wits HIV CRS (11101)

Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa

Site Status

Durban Adult HIV CRS (11201)

Durban, , South Africa

Site Status

Countries

Review the countries where the study has at least one active or historical site.

Brazil Haiti Kenya Peru South Africa

Provided Documents

Download supplemental materials such as informed consent forms, study protocols, or participant manuals.

Document Type: Statistical Analysis Plan: Primary Analysis

View Document

Document Type: Statistical Analysis Plan: PK and Safety Interim Analysis

View Document

Document Type: Study Protocol and Informed Consent Form

View Document

Related Links

Access external resources that provide additional context or updates about the study.

https://rsc.tech-res.com/docs/default-source/safety/table_for_grading_severity_of_adult_pediatric_adverse_events.pdf

DAIDS Table for Grading the Severity of Adult and Pediatric Adverse Events (DAIDS AE Grading Table), Version 1.0, December 2004; Clarification, August 2009

https://rsc.tech-res.com/docs/default-source/safety/manual_for_expedited_reporting_aes_to_daids_v2.pdf

Manual for Expedited Reporting of Adverse Events to DAIDS (DAIDS EAE Manual), Version 2.0, January 2010

Other Identifiers

Review additional registry numbers or institutional identifiers associated with this trial.

1U01AI068636

Identifier Type: NIH

Identifier Source: secondary_id

View Link

ACTG A5290

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id

More Related Trials

Additional clinical trials that may be relevant based on similarity analysis.

Shorter and Safer Treatment Regimens for Latent TB
NCT06498414 NOT_YET_RECRUITING PHASE2/PHASE3
The Correlate of Risk Targeted Intervention Study
NCT02735590 UNKNOWN PHASE2/PHASE3
Tuberculosis Treatment Shortening Trial
NCT00130247 COMPLETED PHASE3