In-human Validation of a Technique for Measuring Central Aortic Hemodynamics With Peripheral Arterial Waveforms

NCT ID: NCT01567748

Last Updated: 2014-12-05

Basic Information

• Recruitment Status: COMPLETED
• Total Enrollment: 40 participants
• Study Classification: OBSERVATIONAL
• Study Start Date: 2012-01-31
• Study Completion Date: 2014-04-30

Brief Summary

Central aortic blood pressure (BP) and flow are generally more informative about the health condition of the heart and the arterial system compared with BP measured in peripheral locations (e.g. arm or leg). However, their clinical impact has been limited due to the cost, risk and discomfort associated with their measurements. Peripheral BP is attractive because it can be measured relatively easily than central aortic BP. However, peripheral BP is not as useful as central aortic BP since the shape of its waveform is different from that of central aortic BP. The applicant recently developed two innovative methods, the "Individualized Transfer Functions (ITF)," which is able to estimate the central aortic BP waveform of a patient using the measurements of peripheral BP waveform(s). The methods were successfully validated using animal and simulated human subjects. The objective of the proposed research project is to examine the validity of these innovative methods in human subjects.

Cardiovascular disease accounts for 1/3 of all deaths and more than $22 billion healthcare-related cost in Canada every year. The proposed research project will make significant contribution in improving clinical care by the potential of ITF in detection and diagnostics of cardiovascular disease. In fact, the proposed research project is a key initial step towards our long-term research objective of non-invasive cardiovascular disease diagnostics. The success of the proposed research project will demonstrate that ITF can serve as a low-cost, non-invasive and convenient alternative for central aortic BP measurement, which can further be used for the development of detection and diagnostics methods for a number of cardiovascular diseases (e.g. aortic valve impairment and peripheral arterial disease) by virtue of the relevant health and disease conditions of central and peripheral arterial vessels that ITF can deliver.

Detailed Description

Central aortic blood pressure (BP) and flow are generally more informative about cardiac dynamics and global circulation compared with cardiovascular parameters measured in the periphery [1,2]. However, their clinical impact has been limited due to significant clinical risk and substantial cost associated with their measurements. Peripheral arterial BP's are easily obtained non-invasively, but they cannot serve as direct substitutes for central aortic BP due to the distortion of arterial BP waveform caused by pressure wave propagation and reflection. Recently, two innovative model-based methods, the "Individualized Transfer Functions (ITF)," have been developed by Dr. Hahn to estimate central aortic BP waveform using the measurements of peripheral BP waveform(s) [3-6]. These techniques have been validated in animal and simulated human subjects. The objective of the proposed research project is to 1) examine the feasibility and validity of these innovative methods in human subjects, and 2) compare the performance of these methods against direct peripheral BP and existing non-individualized (NITF) methods.

The proposed research project consists of two major parts: 1) collection of central aortic and peripheral BP data, and 2) evaluation of ITF methods using these data. BP data will be collected from the patients already undergoing procedures with cardiopulmonary bypass. Central aortic, radial and femoral BP waveforms will be simultaneously recorded. A non-invasive finger BP waveform will also be recorded. The pair of radial-femoral or finger-femoral BP recordings will be analyzed by the two-measurement ITF [3-5] to estimate individual-specific central aortic BP waveform. In addition, radial or finger BP recording will be analyzed by the single-measurement ITF [6] to estimate individual-specific central aortic BP waveform. The feasibility and validity of the methods in human subjects will be assessed by comparing the estimated central aortic BP waveforms with the measured central aortic BP waveforms. Its relative performance with respect to direct peripheral BP and existing NITF methods will be analyzed by comparing the difference between measured central aortic versus ITF-derived central aortic BP waveforms with those between measured central aortic versus direct peripheral and NITF-derived central aortic BP waveforms.

Cardiovascular disease accounts for 1/3 of all deaths and more than $22 billion healthcare-related cost in Canada every year [7]. The proposed research project will make significant contribution in improving clinical care through the use of ITF in detection and diagnostics of cardiovascular disease. In fact, the proposed research project is a key initial step towards our long-term research objective of non-invasive cardiovascular disease diagnostics. The success of the proposed research project will be a milestone to demonstrate that ITF can serve as minimally invasive and/or non-invasive approach whose individually estimated central aortic BP waveform and cardiovascular system model can be exploited for detection and diagnostics of a number of cardiovascular disease, e.g. aortic valve impairment and peripheral arterial disease, by virtue of diagnostically relevant health and disease conditions of central and peripheral arterial vessels that ITF can deliver.

Conditions

Coronary Artery Disease

Keywords

CABG; Coronary Artery Bypass; Central Aortic Pressure; Peripheral Arterial Waveform

Study Design

• Observational Model Type: CASE_ONLY
• Study Time Perspective: PROSPECTIVE

Study Groups

Hemodynamics Measured

The following additional research related procedures will be performed in patients recruited into the study: 1) a small cuff will be placed on one the finger of each subject to measure the pulse in the finger (Finapres); 2) a cannula will be placed in the femoral artery by the surgeon to measure femoral artery pressure; 3) for a period of two minutes immediately before and after the cardiopulmonary bypass a small cannula (the size of a pencil tip) will be inserted by the surgeon under direct vision into the aorta and 4) the information from each of these cannula will be recorded on a computer for later study.

BP Measurements at aorta, radial and femoral locations

Intervention Type: PROCEDURE

The following additional research related procedures will be performed in patients recruited into the study: 1) a small cuff will be placed on one the finger of each subject to measure the pulse in the finger (Finapres); 2) a cannula will be placed in the femoral artery by the surgeon to measure femoral artery pressure; 3) for a period of two minutes immediately before and after the cardiopulmonary bypass a small cannula (the size of a pencil tip) will be inserted by the surgeon under direct vision into the aorta and 4) the information from each of these cannula will be recorded on a computer for later study.

Interventions

BP Measurements at aorta, radial and femoral locations

The following additional research related procedures will be performed in patients recruited into the study: 1) a small cuff will be placed on one the finger of each subject to measure the pulse in the finger (Finapres); 2) a cannula will be placed in the femoral artery by the surgeon to measure femoral artery pressure; 3) for a period of two minutes immediately before and after the cardiopulmonary bypass a small cannula (the size of a pencil tip) will be inserted by the surgeon under direct vision into the aorta and 4) the information from each of these cannula will be recorded on a computer for later study.

Intervention Type: PROCEDURE

Eligibility Criteria

Inclusion Criteria

• Written informed consent
• Age 18 through 80 years, inclusive
• Scheduled for coronary artery bypass surgery with CPB

Exclusion Criteria

• Scheduled for heart surgery other than coronary artery bypass surgery
• Females of childbearing potential
• Emergency surgery
• BMI > 35

• Minimum Eligible Age: 18 Years
• Maximum Eligible Age: 80 Years
• Eligible Sex: ALL
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Sponsors

University of Alberta

OTHER

Sponsor Role: lead

Responsible Party

Barry Finegan

Principal Investigator, Clinical Professor, Department of Anesthesiology

Responsibility Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Principal Investigators

Barry A Finegan, MB

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

University of Alberta

Locations

University of Alberta Hospital/Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute

Edmonton, Alberta, Canada

Countries

Canada

References

Safar ME, Jankowski P. Central blood pressure and hypertension: role in cardiovascular risk assessment. Clin Sci (Lond). 2009 Feb;116(4):273-82. doi: 10.1042/CS20080072.

Reference Type: BACKGROUND

PMID: 19138169 (View on PubMed)

Papaioannou TG, Protogerou AD, Stamatelopoulos KS, Vavuranakis M, Stefanadis C. Non-invasive methods and techniques for central blood pressure estimation: procedures, validation, reproducibility and limitations. Curr Pharm Des. 2009;15(3):245-53. doi: 10.2174/138161209787354203.

Reference Type: BACKGROUND

PMID: 19149616 (View on PubMed)

J.O. Hahn et al., 2009, ASME Journal of Dynamic Systems, Measurement and Control 131: 051009

Reference Type: BACKGROUND

J.O. Hahn et al., 2009, Control Engineering Practice 17: 1318-1328

Reference Type: BACKGROUND

Hahn JO, Reisner AT, Asada HH. Estimation of pulse transit time using two diametric blood pressure waveform measurements. Med Eng Phys. 2010 Sep;32(7):753-9. doi: 10.1016/j.medengphy.2010.04.017. Epub 2010 May 26.

Reference Type: BACKGROUND

PMID: 20537933 (View on PubMed)

Other Identifiers

00021889

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id