Physical Exercise as an Additional Treatment for Alzheimer Disease

NCT ID: NCT01515982

Last Updated: 2014-12-03

Basic Information

• Recruitment Status: COMPLETED
• Clinical Phase: NA
• Total Enrollment: 20 participants
• Study Classification: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Start Date: 2010-02-28
• Study Completion Date: 2013-12-31

Brief Summary

The state of the art with regard to the neurodegenerative dementias, especially for Alzheimer´s disease (AD), is that their progression is still irreversible causing cognitive, motor, and behavioral impairment. Although the current pharmacological treatments attenuate cognitive decline in some cases, the majority of treatments does not avoid the motor and functional changes caused by the progress of the disease. Although several studies show that exercise has a positive effect when it comes to the treatment of the disease, some methodological questions affect the application of the training protocols. The use of recognized intensity patterns like maximum oxygen uptake (VO2max) and maximum heart rate (HRmax) percentage to control the training of patients with dementia is still rare in the literature. Therefore, this seems to interfere on the definition of an ideal prescription. Following this line of reasoning, the purpose of the present study is to assess the effect of moderate aerobic exercise on cognition and functional abilities in AD patients. Design: Randomized controlled trial, double-blinded, with 16-week follow-up. Setting: Center for Alzheimer's disease in the Institute of Psychiatry of the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro. Participants: Elderly with Alzheimer disease. Interventions: The patients will be randomly assigned to an exercise group (EG) on a treadmill (30 minutes, twice a week and moderate intensity of 60% VO2max) and a control group (CG). Main outcome measures: Cognitive function will be assessed using CAMCOG, Trail Making Test A, Digit Span, Stroop Test, Rey auditory-verbal learning test and Clock Test, and functional capacity will be evaluated using Berg Balance Scale (BERG), Sit-to-Stand test (STS), functional reach test (FR), and the time to up and go test (TUGT).

Detailed Description

• Design: Four-month controlled, randomized, and double-blind study. The patients will be recruited by trained psychiatrists from the Center for Alzheimer's disease in the Institute of Psychiatry of the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (IPUB/UFRJ). They will be randomized with a blind design to an exercise group (EG) and control group (CG) by a researcher who will not participate of the initial assessments.
• Intervention

On completion of the baseline assessment, all patients will be invited to engage in the exercise program. Those who accept to take part and will be available, having easy access to the facilities, will be included in the sample. The other ones will be included in the control group. So, subjects will be divided by two groups: medical care (control) and medical care + physical exercise.

1. Medical care control group (C): Subjects will maintain clinical treatment.

2. Medical care + exercise group (E): This group will be prescribed the exercise treatment as an adjunctive intervention to drug therapy. Patients who accept to participate in this group will be evaluated with a thorough clinical exam and with a resting electrocardiogram. The training exercise intensity is established at 60% of VO2máx. This intensity was determined using exercise prescription guidelines established by the American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM). Each aerobic session began with a 10-minute warm-up period (40%VO2máx), followed by 20 minutes of continuous treadmill walking at an intensity established by 60% of VO2máx, according to ACMS guidelines (2006). The exercise session will be concluded with a five minutes of cool down. Heart hate (Polar® Sport Tester, Finland) and perceived exertion (Borg Scale) will be monitored and recorded at each five minutes during each exercise session by physical education instructors. Subjects will be encouraged to attend two supervised exercise sessions per week for 16 weeks.

Conditions

Alzheimer Disease

Study Design

• Allocation Method: RANDOMIZED
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Primary Study Purpose: TREATMENT
• Blinding Strategy: SINGLE

Study Groups

Aerobic exercise

The training exercise intensity is established at 60% of VO2máx. Each aerobic session began with a 10-minute warm-up period (40%VO2máx), followed by 20 minutes of continuous treadmill walking at an intensity established by 60% of VO2máx. The exercise session will be concluded with a 5 minutes of cool down. Heart hate (Polar® Sport Tester, Finland) and perceived exertion (Borg Scale) will be monitored and recorded at each five minutes during each exercise session by physical education instructors.

Group Type: EXPERIMENTAL

Aerobic Exercise

Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL

The training exercise intensity is established at 60% of VO2máx. This intensity was determined using exercise prescription guidelines established by the American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM). Each aerobic session began with a 10-minute warm-up period (40%VO2máx), followed by 20 minutes of continuous treadmill walking at an intensity established by 60% of VO2máx. The exercise session will be concluded with a 5 minutes of cool down. Heart hate (Polar® Sport Tester, Finland) and perceived exertion (Borg Scale) will be monitored and recorded at each five minutes during each exercise session by physical education instructors.

Control Group

Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL

All participants were asked not to commence any new exercise regimen.

Control group

All participants were asked not to commence any new exercise regimen.

Group Type: NO_INTERVENTION

No interventions assigned to this group

Interventions

Aerobic Exercise

The training exercise intensity is established at 60% of VO2máx. This intensity was determined using exercise prescription guidelines established by the American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM). Each aerobic session began with a 10-minute warm-up period (40%VO2máx), followed by 20 minutes of continuous treadmill walking at an intensity established by 60% of VO2máx. The exercise session will be concluded with a 5 minutes of cool down. Heart hate (Polar® Sport Tester, Finland) and perceived exertion (Borg Scale) will be monitored and recorded at each five minutes during each exercise session by physical education instructors.

Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL

Control Group

All participants were asked not to commence any new exercise regimen.

Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL

Eligibility Criteria

Inclusion Criteria

• Diagnosis of Alzheimer Disease according to the National Institute of Neurological and Communicative Disorders and Stroke- Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders Association (NINCDS-ADRDA) and National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke- Association Internationale pour la Recherche et l' Enseignement en Neurosciences (NINDS-AIREN),respectively
• Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score ≥ 15
• Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) score 1
• Regular use of anticholinesterase drugs for at least six months
• Cardiologist's authorization
• At least six months without practicing physical exercises.

Exclusion Criteria

• Clinical depression or Cornell Scale ≥ 7
• Other types of dementia
• Physical limitation due to other pathologies or associated neurological disease
• Severe or uncontrolled arterial hypertension
• Marked visual and/or auditory deficit
• Incapacity to perform physical exercise due to neurological or neuromuscular impairments
• Illiteracy
• Less than six months of treatment at the outpatient unit.

• Minimum Eligible Age: 60 Years
• Eligible Sex: ALL
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Sponsors

Rio de Janeiro State Research Supporting Foundation (FAPERJ)

OTHER_GOV

Sponsor Role: collaborator

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico

OTHER_GOV

Sponsor Role: collaborator

Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro

OTHER

Sponsor Role: lead

Responsible Party

Jerson Laks

Principal investigator

Responsibility Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Locations

Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro

Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Countries

Brazil

Other Identifiers

60liv02-09B

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id