Study Results
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Basic Information
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COMPLETED
EARLY_PHASE1
49 participants
INTERVENTIONAL
2010-09-30
2012-05-31
Brief Summary
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Detailed Description
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Aerobic fitness is the ability of the cardiovascular and respiratory system to deliver oxygen to working muscles and utilize that oxygen to produce energy. Aerobic fitness is a strong indicator of physical activity and also correlates with the aforementioned diseases. It is measured as peak ventilatory oxygen (peak VO2; mL/kg min), and is evaluated using a maximal incremental exercise protocol on a treadmill, whereby expired gases are analyzed using a metabolic cart. Aerobic fitness values are inconsistent in youth, particularly obese youth. This discrepancy is due to low self-efficacy. Self-efficacy refers to the belief that one has the power and capabilities to produce an effect. Low self-efficacy is prominent in obese youth because they lack actual and perceived physical competence and social support. This may translate into less effort invested by this population into physical activity, and by the same token, aerobic fitness tests. To date, no experimental studies have attempted to address these psychological variables and apply an intervention to achieve accurate peak VO2 values in obese adolescents.
Peer modelling is the demonstration of particular behaviors that are learned observationally and is a powerful source of self-efficacy. This mode of learning has been very successful in increasing the consumption of new foods (36 subjects) and activity levels (100 subjects) in children. Based on this success, it would suggest that the investigators could confidently apply it to this study. Therefore the main objective is to examine the effect of a modeling intervention (DVD film) on self-efficacy and peak VO2 in obese youth during a maximal treadmill test. Models will demonstrate and articulate increased confidence to perform the test and offer a variety of strategies to cope with the maximal effort and overcome the associated challenges during the test (e.g. shortness of breath, sweating, and increased heart rate). The models will not be participants in the study.
Obese (defined as Body Mass Index greater than the 95th percentile for age and gender) youth (10-17 years, N = 40) who receive written consent from a parent or guardian will be asked to participate in the study. Prior to undertaking the aerobic fitness test, children are required to seek approval from their family physician by completing the Physical Activity Readiness Questionnaire (PAR-Q).
Participants will be randomized after baseline measures are completed into one of two conditions: peer modeling intervention or control to ensure group equivalency. Following randomization, participants in the intervention group will watch the peer modeling DVD film in the lab. Those in the control group will view a DVD film of similar length about nutrition. After seven days, participants in both groups will return for follow-up. One week is a suitable interval because it provides time for participants to reflect on any information they received from the DVD films and minimize external confounding factors, while not providing enough time to see changes in fitness (which requires approximately 3 months). Prior to the second exercise test, participants will watch the DVD film they viewed the previous week. Afterwards, participants will complete their peak VO2 test and self-reported measures. All participants will be asked not to change their normal physical activity patterns during the week.
To complete a peak VO2 test, participants will be required to complete a maximal incremental exercise protocol on a treadmill. The test will be conducted by trained personnel and terminated when participants are unable to continue the protocol, or when their vital signs warranted discontinuation.
The results of this RCT will provide an accurate measurement of aerobic fitness, which is crucial to assessing health status, risk of disease and assisting in planning programs aimed at improving quality of life in adolescents.
Conditions
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Study Design
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RANDOMIZED
PARALLEL
TREATMENT
DOUBLE
Study Groups
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Peer modeling
Participants watch a video geared to increase confidence in ability to preform fitness test. Male participants will watch a video of a male adolescent completing the fitness test and talking about coping mechanisms used to preform to the best of his ability. Female participants will watch a video of a female adolescent completing the fitness test and talking about coping mechanisms used to preform to the best of her ability.
Peer Modeling
Participants watch a video of an adolescent completing the fitness test and explaining coping mechanisms to preform the test well.
Control
Participants watch a video unrelated to the fitness test and self-efficacy. The video depicts healthy food and nutrition options.
Control
watching a video unrelated to the fitness test and self-efficacy
Interventions
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Peer Modeling
Participants watch a video of an adolescent completing the fitness test and explaining coping mechanisms to preform the test well.
Control
watching a video unrelated to the fitness test and self-efficacy
Other Intervention Names
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria
Exclusion Criteria
10 Years
17 Years
ALL
Yes
Sponsors
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University of Western Ontario, Canada
OTHER
Responsible Party
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Principal Investigators
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Harry Prapavessis, PhD
Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
The University of Western Ontario
Locations
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Exercise and Health Psychology Laboratory
London, Ontario, Canada
Countries
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References
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Horne PJ, Hardman CA, Lowe CF, Rowlands AV. Increasing children's physical activity: a peer modelling, rewards and pedometer-based intervention. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2009 Feb;63(2):191-8. doi: 10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602915. Epub 2007 Sep 19.
Willms JD, Tremblay MS, Katzmarzyk PT. Geographic and demographic variation in the prevalence of overweight Canadian children. Obes Res. 2003 May;11(5):668-73. doi: 10.1038/oby.2003.95.
Cairney J, Hay JA, Faught BE, Leger L, Mathers B. Generalized self-efficacy and performance on the 20-metre shuttle run in children. Am J Hum Biol. 2008 Mar-Apr;20(2):132-8. doi: 10.1002/ajhb.20690.
Carrel AL, Sledge JS, Ventura SJ, Clark RR, Peterson SE, Eickhoff J, Allen DB. Measuring aerobic cycling power as an assessment of childhood fitness. J Strength Cond Res. 2007 Aug;21(3):685-8. doi: 10.1519/R-22606.1.
Korsten-Reck U, Kaspar T, Korsten K, Kromeyer-Hauschild K, Bos K, Berg A, Dickhuth HH. Motor abilities and aerobic fitness of obese children. Int J Sports Med. 2007 Sep;28(9):762-7. doi: 10.1055/s-2007-964968. Epub 2007 May 11.
Jones RA, Okely AD, Caputi P, Cliff DP. Perceived and actual competence among overweight and non-overweight children. J Sci Med Sport. 2010 Nov;13(6):589-96. doi: 10.1016/j.jsams.2010.04.002. Epub 2010 Jul 2.
Greenhalgh J, Dowey AJ, Horne PJ, Fergus Lowe C, Griffiths JH, Whitaker CJ. Positive- and negative peer modelling effects on young children's consumption of novel blue foods. Appetite. 2009 Jun;52(3):646-653. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2009.02.016. Epub 2009 Mar 6.
Related Links
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Exercise and Health Psychology Laboratory
Other Identifiers
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PeakVO2 PM RCT
Identifier Type: -
Identifier Source: org_study_id
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