Study of a Novel Tetravalent Dengue Vaccine in Healthy Children and Adolescents Aged 9 to 16 Years in Latin America

NCT ID: NCT01374516

Last Updated: 2022-03-21

Study Results

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Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

COMPLETED

Clinical Phase

PHASE3

Total Enrollment

20869 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2011-06-08

Study Completion Date

2018-03-05

Brief Summary

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The aim of the study was to assess the efficacy of Sanofi Pasteur's CYD dengue vaccine in preventing symptomatic virologically-confirmed dengue cases for dengue-endemic areas of Latin America.

Primary Objective:

To assess the efficacy of CYD dengue vaccine after 3 vaccinations at 0, 6, and 12 months in preventing symptomatic virologically-confirmed dengue (VCD) cases, regardless of the severity, due to any of the four serotypes in children and adolescents aged 9 to 16 years at the time of inclusion.

Secondary Objectives:

* To describe the efficacy of CYD dengue vaccine in preventing symptomatic VCD cases after the third dose to the end of the Active Phase, after at least 1 dose, and after 2 doses.
* To describe the occurrence of hospitalized VCD cases and the occurrence of severe (clinically severe or as per World Health Organization (WHO) criteria) VCD cases, throughout the Surveillance Expansion Period (SEP) and throughout the trial (from Day 0 until the end of the study).
* To describe the antibody response to each dengue serotype after Dose 2, after Dose 3, and 1 and 5 years after Dose 3.
* To describe the occurrence of serious adverse events (SAEs), including SAEs of special interest in all participants throughout the trial period.

Detailed Description

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Participants were randomized to either receive 3 injections of CYD dengue vaccine or a placebo at 0, 6, and 12 months.

A subset of participants from each country (N=2000) was also evaluated for reactogenicity and immunogenicity.

For each participant, the Active Phase of dengue case detection began after the first injection (Dose 1) and continued until 13 months after the third injection (Dose 3). It was assumed that 12 months of surveillance should result in the detection of a sufficient number of VCD cases to allow for an assessment of efficacy.

The Hospital Phase began after the Active Phase. Participants with a febrile illness and requiring hospitalization were screened for dengue until the end of the study.

Participants who consented to participate in the SEP were actively followed for dengue case detection (i.e. at least weekly contact and capturing any acute febrile illness, not just hospitalized febrile cases, as in the Active Phase). The SEP was designed to maximize the detection of symptomatic VCD (hospitalized or not) in order to describe CYD dengue vaccine efficacy and safety in preventing symptomatic dengue in the long-term. Participants who declined participating in the SEP continued surveillance as in the Hospital Phase until trial completion.

Symptomatic VCD cases occurring more than (\>) 28 days after dose 3 (during the Active Phase) are defined as:

* Acute febrile illness (i.e. temperature \>=38 degree Celsius (°C) on at least 2 consecutive days)
* Virologically confirmed by dengue Reverse Transcriptase-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) and/or dengue non-structural (NS)1 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) Ag test.

Severity was assessed using a definition consistent with the 1997 WHO Classification Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever and by an independent Data Monitoring Committee (IDMC) severity criteria.

Conditions

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Dengue Fever Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever Dengue

Study Design

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Allocation Method

RANDOMIZED

Intervention Model

PARALLEL

Primary Study Purpose

PREVENTION

Blinding Strategy

QUADRUPLE

Participants Caregivers Investigators Outcome Assessors

Study Groups

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CYD Dengue Vaccine Group

Participants were to receive 3 doses of CYD dengue vaccine; one each at 0, 6, and 12 months.

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Live, attenuated, dengue serotype 1, 2, 3, 4 virus

Intervention Type BIOLOGICAL

0.5 mL, Subcutaneous

Placebo Group

Participants were to receive a placebo vaccine at 0, 6, and 12 months.

Group Type PLACEBO_COMPARATOR

Placebo: (NaCl) 0.9% solution

Intervention Type BIOLOGICAL

0.5 mL, Subcutaneous

Interventions

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Live, attenuated, dengue serotype 1, 2, 3, 4 virus

0.5 mL, Subcutaneous

Intervention Type BIOLOGICAL

Placebo: (NaCl) 0.9% solution

0.5 mL, Subcutaneous

Intervention Type BIOLOGICAL

Other Intervention Names

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CYD Dengue Vaccine

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

* Aged 9 to 16 years on the day of inclusion and resident of the site zone
* Participant in good health, based on medical history and physical examination
* Assent form or informed consent form has been signed and dated by the participant (based on local regulations), and informed consent form has been signed and dated by the parent(s) or another legally acceptable representative (and by an independent witness if required by local regulations)
* Participant was able to attend all scheduled visits and comply with all trial procedures.

Exclusion Criteria

* Participant was pregnant, or lactating, or of childbearing potential (to be considered of non-childbearing potential, a female must be pre-menarche for at least 1 year, surgically sterile, or using an effective method of contraception or abstinence from at least 4 weeks prior to the first vaccination until at least 4 weeks after the last vaccination).
* Participation in another clinical trial investigating a vaccine, drug, medical device, or a medical procedure in the 4 weeks preceding the first trial vaccination
* Planned participation in another clinical trial during the present trial period
* Self-reported or suspected congenital or acquired immunodeficiency; or receipt of immunosuppressive therapy such as anti-cancer chemotherapy or radiation therapy within the preceding 6 months; or long-term systemic corticosteroids therapy (prednisone or equivalent for more than 2 consecutive weeks within the past 3 months)
* Self-reported seropositivity for Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection
* Self-reported systemic hypersensitivity to any of the vaccine components, or history of a life-threatening reaction to the vaccine used in the trial or to a vaccine containing any of the same substances
* Chronic illness that, in the opinion of the Investigator, is at a stage where it might interfere with trial conduct or completion
* Receipt of blood or blood-derived products in the past 3 months, which might interfere with assessment of the immune response
* Planned receipt of any vaccine in the 4 weeks following any trial vaccination
* Deprived of freedom by administrative or court order, or in an emergency setting, or hospitalized involuntarily
* Current alcohol abuse or drug addiction that may interfere with the participant's ability to comply with trial procedures
* Identified as a site employee of the Investigator or study center, with direct involvement in the proposed study or other studies under the direction of that Investigator or study center, as well as a family member (i.e., immediate, husband, wife and their children, adopted or natural) of the site employees or the Investigator.
Minimum Eligible Age

9 Years

Maximum Eligible Age

16 Years

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Sponsors

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Sanofi Pasteur, a Sanofi Company

INDUSTRY

Sponsor Role lead

Responsible Party

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Responsibility Role SPONSOR

Principal Investigators

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Medical Director

Role: STUDY_DIRECTOR

Sanofi Pasteur Inc.

Locations

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Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil

Site Status

Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil

Site Status

Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil

Site Status

Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil

Site Status

Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil

Site Status

Aguazul, Casanare Department, Colombia

Site Status

Yopal, Casanare Department, Colombia

Site Status

Girardot City, Cundinamarca, Colombia

Site Status

Acacías, Meta Department, Colombia

Site Status

Armenia, Quindío Department, Colombia

Site Status

Calarcá, Quindío Department, Colombia

Site Status

La Tebaida, Quindío Department, Colombia

Site Status

Montenegro, Quindío Department, Colombia

Site Status

Bucaramanga, Santander Department, Colombia

Site Status

Tegucigalpa, Municipalidad Del Distrito Central, Honduras

Site Status

Temixco, Morelos, Mexico

Site Status

Municipio de Cd. Mante, Tamaulipas, Mexico

Site Status

Veracruz Puerto, Veracruz, Mexico

Site Status

Tizimín, Yucatán, Mexico

Site Status

Valladolid, Yucatán, Mexico

Site Status

Guayama, , Puerto Rico

Site Status

San Juan, , Puerto Rico

Site Status

Countries

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Brazil Colombia Honduras Mexico Puerto Rico

References

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Villar L, Dayan GH, Arredondo-Garcia JL, Rivera DM, Cunha R, Deseda C, Reynales H, Costa MS, Morales-Ramirez JO, Carrasquilla G, Rey LC, Dietze R, Luz K, Rivas E, Miranda Montoya MC, Cortes Supelano M, Zambrano B, Langevin E, Boaz M, Tornieporth N, Saville M, Noriega F; CYD15 Study Group. Efficacy of a tetravalent dengue vaccine in children in Latin America. N Engl J Med. 2015 Jan 8;372(2):113-23. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1411037. Epub 2014 Nov 3.

Reference Type RESULT
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Hadinegoro SR, Arredondo-Garcia JL, Capeding MR, Deseda C, Chotpitayasunondh T, Dietze R, Muhammad Ismail HI, Reynales H, Limkittikul K, Rivera-Medina DM, Tran HN, Bouckenooghe A, Chansinghakul D, Cortes M, Fanouillere K, Forrat R, Frago C, Gailhardou S, Jackson N, Noriega F, Plennevaux E, Wartel TA, Zambrano B, Saville M; CYD-TDV Dengue Vaccine Working Group. Efficacy and Long-Term Safety of a Dengue Vaccine in Regions of Endemic Disease. N Engl J Med. 2015 Sep 24;373(13):1195-206. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1506223. Epub 2015 Jul 27.

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Arredondo-Garcia JL, Hadinegoro SR, Reynales H, Chua MN, Rivera Medina DM, Chotpitayasunondh T, Tran NH, Deseda CC, Wirawan DN, Cortes Supelano M, Frago C, Langevin E, Coronel D, Laot T, Perroud AP, Sanchez L, Bonaparte M, Limkittikul K, Chansinghakul D, Gailhardou S, Noriega F, Wartel TA, Bouckenooghe A, Zambrano B; CYD-TDV Dengue Vaccine Study Group. Four-year safety follow-up of the tetravalent dengue vaccine efficacy randomized controlled trials in Asia and Latin America. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2018 Jul;24(7):755-763. doi: 10.1016/j.cmi.2018.01.018. Epub 2018 Feb 8.

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L'Azou M, Moureau A, Sarti E, Nealon J, Zambrano B, Wartel TA, Villar L, Capeding MR, Ochiai RL; CYD14 Primary Study Group; CYD15 Primary Study Group. Symptomatic Dengue in Children in 10 Asian and Latin American Countries. N Engl J Med. 2016 Mar 24;374(12):1155-66. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1503877.

Reference Type RESULT
PMID: 27007959 (View on PubMed)

Sridhar S, Luedtke A, Langevin E, Zhu M, Bonaparte M, Machabert T, Savarino S, Zambrano B, Moureau A, Khromava A, Moodie Z, Westling T, Mascarenas C, Frago C, Cortes M, Chansinghakul D, Noriega F, Bouckenooghe A, Chen J, Ng SP, Gilbert PB, Gurunathan S, DiazGranados CA. Effect of Dengue Serostatus on Dengue Vaccine Safety and Efficacy. N Engl J Med. 2018 Jul 26;379(4):327-340. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1800820. Epub 2018 Jun 13.

Reference Type RESULT
PMID: 29897841 (View on PubMed)

Savarino SJ, Bonaparte M, Wang H, Dayan GH, Forrat R, Zhu M, Hodge S, Ataman-Onal Y, DiazGranados CA. Accuracy and efficacy of pre-dengue vaccination screening for previous dengue infection with a new dengue rapid diagnostic test: a retrospective analysis of phase 3 efficacy trials. Lancet Microbe. 2022 Jun;3(6):e427-e434. doi: 10.1016/S2666-5247(22)00033-7. Epub 2022 May 4.

Reference Type DERIVED
PMID: 35659904 (View on PubMed)

Laydon DJ, Dorigatti I, Hinsley WR, Nedjati-Gilani G, Coudeville L, Ferguson NM. Efficacy profile of the CYD-TDV dengue vaccine revealed by Bayesian survival analysis of individual-level phase III data. Elife. 2021 Jul 2;10:e65131. doi: 10.7554/eLife.65131.

Reference Type DERIVED
PMID: 34219653 (View on PubMed)

Henein S, Adams C, Bonaparte M, Moser JM, Munteanu A, Baric R, de Silva AM. Dengue vaccine breakthrough infections reveal properties of neutralizing antibodies linked to protection. J Clin Invest. 2021 Jul 1;131(13):e147066. doi: 10.1172/JCI147066.

Reference Type DERIVED
PMID: 34003796 (View on PubMed)

Forrat R, Dayan GH, DiazGranados CA, Bonaparte M, Laot T, Capeding MR, Sanchez L, Coronel DL, Reynales H, Chansinghakul D, Hadinegoro SRS, Perroud AP, Frago C, Zambrano B, Machabert T, Wu Y, Luedtke A, Price B, Vigne C, Haney O, Savarino SJ, Bouckenooghe A, Noriega F. Analysis of Hospitalized and Severe Dengue Cases Over the 6 years of Follow-up of the Tetravalent Dengue Vaccine (CYD-TDV) Efficacy Trials in Asia and Latin America. Clin Infect Dis. 2021 Sep 15;73(6):1003-1012. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciab288.

Reference Type DERIVED
PMID: 33822015 (View on PubMed)

DiazGranados CA, Bonaparte M, Wang H, Zhu M, Lustig Y, Schwartz E, Forrat R, Dayan GH, Hodge S, Ataman-Onal Y, Savarino SJ. Accuracy and efficacy of pre-dengue vaccination screening for previous dengue infection with five commercially available immunoassays: a retrospective analysis of phase 3 efficacy trials. Lancet Infect Dis. 2021 Apr;21(4):529-536. doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30695-2. Epub 2020 Nov 16.

Reference Type DERIVED
PMID: 33212068 (View on PubMed)

Reynales H, Carrasquilla G, Zambrano B, Cortes S M, Machabert T, Jing J, Pallardy S, Haney O, Faccini M, Quintero J, Noriega F. Secondary Analysis of the Efficacy and Safety Trial Data of the Tetravalent Dengue Vaccine in Children and Adolescents in Colombia. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2020 Apr;39(4):e30-e36. doi: 10.1097/INF.0000000000002580.

Reference Type DERIVED
PMID: 32040014 (View on PubMed)

Plennevaux E, Moureau A, Arredondo-Garcia JL, Villar L, Pitisuttithum P, Tran NH, Bonaparte M, Chansinghakul D, Coronel DL, L'Azou M, Ochiai RL, Toh ML, Noriega F, Bouckenooghe A. Impact of Dengue Vaccination on Serological Diagnosis: Insights From Phase III Dengue Vaccine Efficacy Trials. Clin Infect Dis. 2018 Apr 3;66(8):1164-1172. doi: 10.1093/cid/cix966.

Reference Type DERIVED
PMID: 29300876 (View on PubMed)

Rabaa MA, Girerd-Chambaz Y, Duong Thi Hue K, Vu Tuan T, Wills B, Bonaparte M, van der Vliet D, Langevin E, Cortes M, Zambrano B, Dunod C, Wartel-Tram A, Jackson N, Simmons CP. Genetic epidemiology of dengue viruses in phase III trials of the CYD tetravalent dengue vaccine and implications for efficacy. Elife. 2017 Sep 5;6:e24196. doi: 10.7554/eLife.24196.

Reference Type DERIVED
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Harenberg A, de Montfort A, Jantet-Blaudez F, Bonaparte M, Boudet F, Saville M, Jackson N, Guy B. Cytokine Profile of Children Hospitalized with Virologically-Confirmed Dengue during Two Phase III Vaccine Efficacy Trials. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2016 Jul 26;10(7):e0004830. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0004830. eCollection 2016 Jul.

Reference Type DERIVED
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Olivera-Botello G, Coudeville L, Fanouillere K, Guy B, Chambonneau L, Noriega F, Jackson N; CYD-TDV Vaccine Trial Group. Tetravalent Dengue Vaccine Reduces Symptomatic and Asymptomatic Dengue Virus Infections in Healthy Children and Adolescents Aged 2-16 Years in Asia and Latin America. J Infect Dis. 2016 Oct 1;214(7):994-1000. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiw297. Epub 2016 Jul 14.

Reference Type DERIVED
PMID: 27418050 (View on PubMed)

Related Links

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Other Identifiers

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UTN: U1111-1116-4986

Identifier Type: OTHER

Identifier Source: secondary_id

CYD15

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id

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