Trial Outcomes & Findings for Evaluation of Peer Telephone Cessation Counseling for Smokers (NCT NCT01359371)

Last Updated: 2020-11-16

Results Overview

Smoking status around 60-days post-discharge (range 1 month to 5 months) was collected from electronic medical record text fields (smoked in the past 7 days-yes/no) or 60-day volunteer documentation (smoked in the last 24 hours-yes/no). When smoking status data was missing, participants were considered to be a smoker.

Recruitment status

COMPLETED

Target enrollment

131 participants

Primary outcome timeframe

7-day point prevalence self-reported smoking quit rate 60 days after discharge

Results posted on

2020-11-16

Participant Flow

Patients who were provided with the Tobacco Tactics manual as part of their inpatient hospitalization were automatically referred to the volunteer telephone cessation counseling program.

Participant milestones

Participant milestones
Measure	Volunteer Telephone Cessation Counseling The cohort is discharged veteran smokers who received the standard-of-care Tobacco Tactics intervention while in the hospital.
Overall Study STARTED	131
Overall Study COMPLETED	131
Overall Study NOT COMPLETED	0

Reasons for withdrawal

Withdrawal data not reported

Baseline Characteristics

Evaluation of Peer Telephone Cessation Counseling for Smokers

Baseline characteristics by cohort

Baseline characteristics by cohort
Measure	Volunteer Telephone Cessation Counseling n=131 Participants The cohort is discharged veteran smokers who received the standard-of-care Tobacco Tactics intervention while in the hospital an follow-up volunteer peer telephone counseling
Age, Continuous	57.8 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 9.6 • n=5 Participants
Sex: Female, Male Female	6 Participants n=5 Participants
Sex: Female, Male Male	125 Participants n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB) American Indian or Alaska Native	1 Participants n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB) Asian	0 Participants n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB) Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander	0 Participants n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB) Black or African American	5 Participants n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB) White	115 Participants n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB) More than one race	0 Participants n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB) Unknown or Not Reported	10 Participants n=5 Participants

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: 7-day point prevalence self-reported smoking quit rate 60 days after discharge

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Quit Rate With Low Participation in Counseling n=25 Participants Quit rate of those reached 0-1 times for peer telephone counseling.	Quit Rate High Participation in Counseling n=106 Participants Quit rate of those reached 2-4 times for peer telephone cessation counseling.
Smoking Quit Rate by Number of Calls Received	1 Participants	35 Participants

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: 60 days after discharge

Population: Row totals may vary due to missing data.

Demographics and health characteristics of those who had high participation (2-4 contacts) versus low (0 to 1 contacts) in the telephone counseling program (Reach) Row totals may vary due to missing data.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Quit Rate With Low Participation in Counseling n=106 Participants Quit rate of those reached 0-1 times for peer telephone counseling.	Quit Rate High Participation in Counseling n=25 Participants Quit rate of those reached 2-4 times for peer telephone cessation counseling.
Characteristics of Participants Stratified by High vs. Low Participation 60 Days Post Discharge Male	101 participants	24 participants
Characteristics of Participants Stratified by High vs. Low Participation 60 Days Post Discharge Female	5 participants	1 participants
Characteristics of Participants Stratified by High vs. Low Participation 60 Days Post Discharge Non-Hispanic White	94 participants	21 participants
Characteristics of Participants Stratified by High vs. Low Participation 60 Days Post Discharge Other race/ethnicity	11 participants	4 participants
Characteristics of Participants Stratified by High vs. Low Participation 60 Days Post Discharge Married	36 participants	8 participants
Characteristics of Participants Stratified by High vs. Low Participation 60 Days Post Discharge Not Married	69 participants	17 participants
Characteristics of Participants Stratified by High vs. Low Participation 60 Days Post Discharge High School/GED or less	59 participants	13 participants
Characteristics of Participants Stratified by High vs. Low Participation 60 Days Post Discharge Some college or more	45 participants	11 participants
Characteristics of Participants Stratified by High vs. Low Participation 60 Days Post Discharge Employed	18 participants	7 participants
Characteristics of Participants Stratified by High vs. Low Participation 60 Days Post Discharge Unemployed	87 participants	18 participants
Characteristics of Participants Stratified by High vs. Low Participation 60 Days Post Discharge Comorbid lung disease yes	39 participants	2 participants
Characteristics of Participants Stratified by High vs. Low Participation 60 Days Post Discharge No comorbid lung disease	67 participants	23 participants
Characteristics of Participants Stratified by High vs. Low Participation 60 Days Post Discharge 0-2 Comorbidities	22 participants	7 participants
Characteristics of Participants Stratified by High vs. Low Participation 60 Days Post Discharge 3 or more comorbidities	84 participants	18 participants
Characteristics of Participants Stratified by High vs. Low Participation 60 Days Post Discharge Used tobacco past 7 days	78 participants	23 participants
Characteristics of Participants Stratified by High vs. Low Participation 60 Days Post Discharge No tobacco use past 7 days	28 participants	2 participants
Characteristics of Participants Stratified by High vs. Low Participation 60 Days Post Discharge Used tobacco last 24 hours	71 participants	24 participants
Characteristics of Participants Stratified by High vs. Low Participation 60 Days Post Discharge No tobacco use past 24 hours	35 participants	1 participants

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: 60 days after discharge

Population: Of those surveyed, 25 agreed to qualitative phone interviews.

Thirty-minute qualitative telephone interviews were conducted with Veteran smokers that participated in the volunteer peer telephone cessation counseling.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Quit Rate With Low Participation in Counseling n=25 Participants Quit rate of those reached 0-1 times for peer telephone counseling.	Quit Rate High Participation in Counseling Quit rate of those reached 2-4 times for peer telephone cessation counseling.
Participants' Attitudes About the Implementation of the Telephone Counseling Wanted to quit smoking	19 Participants	—
Participants' Attitudes About the Implementation of the Telephone Counseling Liked the program in hospital	9 Participants	—
Participants' Attitudes About the Implementation of the Telephone Counseling Calls were helpful/good/great	23 Participants	—
Participants' Attitudes About the Implementation of the Telephone Counseling Liked that someone cared	16 Participants	—
Participants' Attitudes About the Implementation of the Telephone Counseling Liked the number of calls	14 Participants	—
Participants' Attitudes About the Implementation of the Telephone Counseling Would have liked more calls	12 Participants	—
Participants' Attitudes About the Implementation of the Telephone Counseling Can't remember content of calls	3 Participants	—
Participants' Attitudes About the Implementation of the Telephone Counseling Calls put quitting back in head	3 Participants	—
Participants' Attitudes About the Implementation of the Telephone Counseling No difference in smoking after calls	11 Participants	—
Participants' Attitudes About the Implementation of the Telephone Counseling Increased smoking after calls	6 Participants	—
Participants' Attitudes About the Implementation of the Telephone Counseling Decreased smoking after calls	4 Participants	—
Participants' Attitudes About the Implementation of the Telephone Counseling No suggestions for changes in calls	18 Participants	—
Participants' Attitudes About the Implementation of the Telephone Counseling Increase number of calls	6 Participants	—
Participants' Attitudes About the Implementation of the Telephone Counseling Make smoking medications more accessible	5 Participants	—
Participants' Attitudes About the Implementation of the Telephone Counseling Provide more information on calls	1 Participants	—

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: 60 days after discharge

The primary cost component of the intervention is the cost of labor by providers to train the volunteers and enter volunteer documentation into the electronic medical record. These costs were estimated using VA salary and fringe benefit information obtained from the Financial Management System (FMS). Number of hours spent by the volunteers providing telephone counseling was also tracked. Other intervention costs included nominal supplies associated with training and the intervention. Because the volunteers made their telephone calls in an unused office, the cost of space was not included. Recruitment and other research-related costs were excluded. The average cost per quit is a mean, but is reported here as a number, as no measures of dispersion were available.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Quit Rate With Low Participation in Counseling n=131 Participants Quit rate of those reached 0-1 times for peer telephone counseling.	Quit Rate High Participation in Counseling Quit rate of those reached 2-4 times for peer telephone cessation counseling.
Cost Per Quit of Volunteer Peer Telephone Counseling	92 dollars	—

Adverse Events

Volunteer Telephone Cessation Counseling

Serious events: 0 serious events

Other events: 0 other events

Deaths: 0 deaths

Serious adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Other adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Additional Information

Sonia A. Duffy, Ph.D., R.N., FAAN

VA Center for Clinical Management Research Health Services

Phone: 734.395.0613

Email: [email protected]

Results disclosure agreements

Principal investigator is a sponsor employee
Publication restrictions are in place