Trial Outcomes & Findings for Effects of Maraviroc (MVC) on HIV-related Kaposi's Sarcoma (KS) (NCT NCT01276236)

NCT ID: NCT01276236

Last Updated: 2021-03-05

Results Overview

To assess improvements in disease, up to five bi-dimensionally measurable cutaneous KS lesions were selected as marker lesions. The collective surface area of the marker lesions was evaluated over the course of the study for either an increase or decrease in the total surface area of lesions using the modified AIDS Clinical Trials Group (ACTG) Oncology Committee Staging Criteria.

Recruitment status

COMPLETED

Study phase

PHASE2

Target enrollment

13 participants

Primary outcome timeframe

Up to 96 weeks

Results posted on

2021-03-05

Participant Flow

Participants dosage of Maraviroc varied throughout the study depending on their non-interventional anti-viral regimen per FDA recommended dosing guidelines.

Participant milestones

Participant milestones
Measure
Treatment Arm (Maraviroc)
The subjects in this arm will receive Maraviroc as treatment, while continuing their current antiretroviral medication regimen. Maraviroc: FDA Recommended dosing will be used in this study. Subjects on an efavirenz or etravirine-based regimen will be dosed at 600 mg orally, twice per day, for 96 weeks. Subjects on a ritonavir-boosted protease inhibitor based regimen (except for tipranavir/ritonavir) will be dosed at 150 mg orally, twice per day, for 96 weeks. Subjects that are on regimens that do not include etravirine, efavirenz, or ritonavir will be dosed at 300mg orally, twice per day, for 96 weeks. These doses are based on the recommendations from the company based on drug-drug interactions.
Overall Study
STARTED
13
Overall Study
Week 36 Visit
13
Overall Study
Week 56 Visit
9
Overall Study
Week 76 Visit
8
Overall Study
COMPLETED
7
Overall Study
NOT COMPLETED
6

Reasons for withdrawal

Reasons for withdrawal
Measure
Treatment Arm (Maraviroc)
The subjects in this arm will receive Maraviroc as treatment, while continuing their current antiretroviral medication regimen. Maraviroc: FDA Recommended dosing will be used in this study. Subjects on an efavirenz or etravirine-based regimen will be dosed at 600 mg orally, twice per day, for 96 weeks. Subjects on a ritonavir-boosted protease inhibitor based regimen (except for tipranavir/ritonavir) will be dosed at 150 mg orally, twice per day, for 96 weeks. Subjects that are on regimens that do not include etravirine, efavirenz, or ritonavir will be dosed at 300mg orally, twice per day, for 96 weeks. These doses are based on the recommendations from the company based on drug-drug interactions.
Overall Study
Lack of Efficacy
2
Overall Study
Withdrawal by Subject
4

Baseline Characteristics

Effects of Maraviroc (MVC) on HIV-related Kaposi's Sarcoma (KS)

Baseline characteristics by cohort

Baseline characteristics by cohort
Measure
Treatment Arm (Maraviroc)
n=13 Participants
The subjects in this arm will receive Maraviroc as treatment, while continuing their current antiretroviral medication regimen. Maraviroc: FDA Recommended dosing will be used in this study. Subjects on an efavirenz or etravirine-based regimen will be dosed at 600 mg orally, twice per day, for 96 weeks. Subjects on a ritonavir-boosted protease inhibitor based regimen (except for tipranavir/ritonavir) will be dosed at 150 mg orally, twice per day, for 96 weeks. Subjects that are on regimens that do not include etravirine, efavirenz, or ritonavir will be dosed at 300mg orally, twice per day, for 96 weeks. These doses are based on the recommendations from the company based on drug-drug interactions.
Age, Continuous
51.5 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 3.0 • n=93 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Female
0 Participants
n=93 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Male
13 Participants
n=93 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Hispanic or Latino
0 Participants
n=93 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Not Hispanic or Latino
13 Participants
n=93 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Unknown or Not Reported
0 Participants
n=93 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
American Indian or Alaska Native
0 Participants
n=93 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Asian
0 Participants
n=93 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander
0 Participants
n=93 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Black or African American
0 Participants
n=93 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
White
13 Participants
n=93 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
More than one race
0 Participants
n=93 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Unknown or Not Reported
0 Participants
n=93 Participants
Region of Enrollment
United States
13 participants
n=93 Participants
Mean duration of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) diagnosis
18.3 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 2.5 • n=93 Participants
Mean duration of Kaposi's Sarcoma (KS) diagnosis
7.5 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 2.4 • n=93 Participants
Mean cluster of differentiation 4 (CD4) count
578.3 cells in a cubic millimetre (cells/mm3)
STANDARD_DEVIATION 86.3 • n=93 Participants
Number of Kaposi's Sarcoma (KS) Lesions at Baseline
>50 lesions
4 Participants
n=93 Participants
Number of Kaposi's Sarcoma (KS) Lesions at Baseline
<=50 lesions
9 Participants
n=93 Participants

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Up to 96 weeks

To assess improvements in disease, up to five bi-dimensionally measurable cutaneous KS lesions were selected as marker lesions. The collective surface area of the marker lesions was evaluated over the course of the study for either an increase or decrease in the total surface area of lesions using the modified AIDS Clinical Trials Group (ACTG) Oncology Committee Staging Criteria.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Treatment Arm (Maraviroc)
n=13 Participants
The subjects in this arm will receive Maraviroc as treatment, while continuing their current antiretroviral medication regimen. Maraviroc: FDA Recommended dosing will be used in this study. Subjects on an efavirenz or etravirine-based regimen will be dosed at 600 mg orally, twice per day, for 96 weeks. Subjects on a ritonavir-boosted protease inhibitor based regimen (except for tipranavir/ritonavir) will be dosed at 150 mg orally, twice per day, for 96 weeks. Subjects that are on regimens that do not include etravirine, efavirenz, or ritonavir will be dosed at 300mg orally, twice per day, for 96 weeks. These doses are based on the recommendations from the company based on drug-drug interactions.
Number of Participants With a Decrease in Kaposi's Sarcoma (KS) Total Surface Area
11 Participants

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Up to 96 weeks

Up to five bi-dimensionally measurable cutaneous KS lesions were selected as marker lesions and the the collective surface area of the marker lesions was evaluated over the course of the study. The percent decrease or increase in the total surface area of lesions was calculated from comparing measurements at baseline and through week 96, or at the last assessment if participant withdrew from the study prior to week 96.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Treatment Arm (Maraviroc)
n=13 Participants
The subjects in this arm will receive Maraviroc as treatment, while continuing their current antiretroviral medication regimen. Maraviroc: FDA Recommended dosing will be used in this study. Subjects on an efavirenz or etravirine-based regimen will be dosed at 600 mg orally, twice per day, for 96 weeks. Subjects on a ritonavir-boosted protease inhibitor based regimen (except for tipranavir/ritonavir) will be dosed at 150 mg orally, twice per day, for 96 weeks. Subjects that are on regimens that do not include etravirine, efavirenz, or ritonavir will be dosed at 300mg orally, twice per day, for 96 weeks. These doses are based on the recommendations from the company based on drug-drug interactions.
Percent Change in KS Total Surface Area
-28.1 percentage change
Standard Deviation 7.9

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Up to 96 weeks

Population: Only seven patients total had measurable edema at any time during the study

The presence and extent of lower extremity edema was assessed and graded on a scale from 0 to 2 in patients with a higher grade indicating a greater level of edema using the Division of AIDS Table for Grading the Severity of Adult and Pediatric Adverse Events (DAIDS Adverse Events (AE) Grading Table), Version 1.0. Edema grade was recorded at baseline was compared with edema grades recorded at week 96, or at last assessment if participant withdrew from study prior to week 96 and an change in grade was calculated to examine whether or not a decrease in overall grade was observed. A negative value would indicate an overall decrease in the grade of lower extremity edema, and positive value would indicate an overall increase in lower extremity edema.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Treatment Arm (Maraviroc)
n=7 Participants
The subjects in this arm will receive Maraviroc as treatment, while continuing their current antiretroviral medication regimen. Maraviroc: FDA Recommended dosing will be used in this study. Subjects on an efavirenz or etravirine-based regimen will be dosed at 600 mg orally, twice per day, for 96 weeks. Subjects on a ritonavir-boosted protease inhibitor based regimen (except for tipranavir/ritonavir) will be dosed at 150 mg orally, twice per day, for 96 weeks. Subjects that are on regimens that do not include etravirine, efavirenz, or ritonavir will be dosed at 300mg orally, twice per day, for 96 weeks. These doses are based on the recommendations from the company based on drug-drug interactions.
Change in Edema Grade
-0.7 scores on a scale
Standard Deviation 0.3

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Up to 96 weeks

Population: Data was not collected for this endpoint

Blood and saliva samples will be obtained from the subjects throughout the study at different points to assess if there are any changes in KSHV viral load.

Outcome measures

Outcome data not reported

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Up to 96 weeks

Population: Only 5 participants had greater than 80% cell viability in peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) specimens required for flow cytometry at baseline and final follow-up.

Maraviroc works by binding to the C-C chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5) on T-cells and thereby blocking viral entry into CD4+ T-cells. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were obtained from blood draws at each visit and T-cell immunophenotyping was performed from the baseline visit and final follow-up visit to determine the percent change in CCR5 levels on CD4+ T-Cells

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Treatment Arm (Maraviroc)
n=5 Participants
The subjects in this arm will receive Maraviroc as treatment, while continuing their current antiretroviral medication regimen. Maraviroc: FDA Recommended dosing will be used in this study. Subjects on an efavirenz or etravirine-based regimen will be dosed at 600 mg orally, twice per day, for 96 weeks. Subjects on a ritonavir-boosted protease inhibitor based regimen (except for tipranavir/ritonavir) will be dosed at 150 mg orally, twice per day, for 96 weeks. Subjects that are on regimens that do not include etravirine, efavirenz, or ritonavir will be dosed at 300mg orally, twice per day, for 96 weeks. These doses are based on the recommendations from the company based on drug-drug interactions.
Percent Change in CCR5 Levels on CD4+ T-Cells
22.8 percentage change
Standard Deviation 5.9

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Up to 96 weeks

Population: Only 5 participants had greater than 80% cell viability in peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) specimens required for flow cytometry at baseline and final follow-up.

Maraviroc works by binding to the C-C chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5) on T-cells and thereby blocking viral entry into CD8+ T-cells. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were obtained from blood draws at each visit and T-cell immunophenotyping was performed from the baseline visit and final follow-up visit to determine the percent change in CCR5 levels on CD8+ T-Cells

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Treatment Arm (Maraviroc)
n=5 Participants
The subjects in this arm will receive Maraviroc as treatment, while continuing their current antiretroviral medication regimen. Maraviroc: FDA Recommended dosing will be used in this study. Subjects on an efavirenz or etravirine-based regimen will be dosed at 600 mg orally, twice per day, for 96 weeks. Subjects on a ritonavir-boosted protease inhibitor based regimen (except for tipranavir/ritonavir) will be dosed at 150 mg orally, twice per day, for 96 weeks. Subjects that are on regimens that do not include etravirine, efavirenz, or ritonavir will be dosed at 300mg orally, twice per day, for 96 weeks. These doses are based on the recommendations from the company based on drug-drug interactions.
Percent Change in CCR5 Levels on CD8+ T-cells
21.6 percentage change
Standard Deviation 3.5

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Up to 96 weeks

Population: Only 5 participants had greater than 80% cell viability in peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) specimens required for flow cytometry at baseline and final follow-up.

Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were obtained from blood draws at each visit and T-cell immunophenotyping was performed from the baseline visit and final follow-up visit to determine the percent change in CD69 expression in a subset of double negative DR-CD38 positive (DR-CD38+) T-cells

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Treatment Arm (Maraviroc)
n=5 Participants
The subjects in this arm will receive Maraviroc as treatment, while continuing their current antiretroviral medication regimen. Maraviroc: FDA Recommended dosing will be used in this study. Subjects on an efavirenz or etravirine-based regimen will be dosed at 600 mg orally, twice per day, for 96 weeks. Subjects on a ritonavir-boosted protease inhibitor based regimen (except for tipranavir/ritonavir) will be dosed at 150 mg orally, twice per day, for 96 weeks. Subjects that are on regimens that do not include etravirine, efavirenz, or ritonavir will be dosed at 300mg orally, twice per day, for 96 weeks. These doses are based on the recommendations from the company based on drug-drug interactions.
Percent Change in CD69 Expression in a Subset of Double Negative DR-CD38 Positive (DR-CD38+) T-cells
89.7 percentage change
Standard Deviation 48.2

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Up to 96 weeks

Population: Only 5 participants had greater than 80% cell viability in peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) specimens required for flow cytometry at baseline and final follow-up.

Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were obtained from blood draws at each visit and T-cell immunophenotyping was performed from the baseline visit and final follow-up visit to determine the percent change in CD69 expression in a subset of double negative DR-CD38- T-cells

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Treatment Arm (Maraviroc)
n=5 Participants
The subjects in this arm will receive Maraviroc as treatment, while continuing their current antiretroviral medication regimen. Maraviroc: FDA Recommended dosing will be used in this study. Subjects on an efavirenz or etravirine-based regimen will be dosed at 600 mg orally, twice per day, for 96 weeks. Subjects on a ritonavir-boosted protease inhibitor based regimen (except for tipranavir/ritonavir) will be dosed at 150 mg orally, twice per day, for 96 weeks. Subjects that are on regimens that do not include etravirine, efavirenz, or ritonavir will be dosed at 300mg orally, twice per day, for 96 weeks. These doses are based on the recommendations from the company based on drug-drug interactions.
Percent Change in CD69 Expression in a Subset of Double Negative DR-CD38 Negative (DR-CD38-) T-cells
50.5 percentage change
Standard Deviation 35.9

Adverse Events

Treatment Arm (Maraviroc)

Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 12 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Serious adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Other adverse events

Other adverse events
Measure
Treatment Arm (Maraviroc)
n=13 participants at risk
The subjects in this arm will receive Maraviroc as treatment, while continuing their current antiretroviral medication regimen. Maraviroc: FDA Recommended dosing will be used in this study. Subjects on an efavirenz or etravirine-based regimen will be dosed at 600 mg orally, twice per day, for 96 weeks. Subjects on a ritonavir-boosted protease inhibitor based regimen (except for tipranavir/ritonavir) will be dosed at 150 mg orally, twice per day, for 96 weeks. Subjects that are on regimens that do not include etravirine, efavirenz, or ritonavir will be dosed at 300mg orally, twice per day, for 96 weeks. These doses are based on the recommendations from the company based on drug-drug interactions.
General disorders
Fatigue
30.8%
4/13 • Number of events 4 • Up to 96 weeks
No grade 3 or higher adverse events were reported during study. Participants dosage of Maraviroc varied throughout the study depending on their non-interventional anti-viral regimen per FDA recommended dosing guidelines. Dosing was not held or limited based on low-grade adverse events therefore adverse event data was aggregated across all dosages.
Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
Cough
23.1%
3/13 • Number of events 3 • Up to 96 weeks
No grade 3 or higher adverse events were reported during study. Participants dosage of Maraviroc varied throughout the study depending on their non-interventional anti-viral regimen per FDA recommended dosing guidelines. Dosing was not held or limited based on low-grade adverse events therefore adverse event data was aggregated across all dosages.
Nervous system disorders
Headache
15.4%
2/13 • Number of events 2 • Up to 96 weeks
No grade 3 or higher adverse events were reported during study. Participants dosage of Maraviroc varied throughout the study depending on their non-interventional anti-viral regimen per FDA recommended dosing guidelines. Dosing was not held or limited based on low-grade adverse events therefore adverse event data was aggregated across all dosages.
Gastrointestinal disorders
Diarrhea
15.4%
2/13 • Number of events 2 • Up to 96 weeks
No grade 3 or higher adverse events were reported during study. Participants dosage of Maraviroc varied throughout the study depending on their non-interventional anti-viral regimen per FDA recommended dosing guidelines. Dosing was not held or limited based on low-grade adverse events therefore adverse event data was aggregated across all dosages.
Gastrointestinal disorders
Nausea
7.7%
1/13 • Number of events 1 • Up to 96 weeks
No grade 3 or higher adverse events were reported during study. Participants dosage of Maraviroc varied throughout the study depending on their non-interventional anti-viral regimen per FDA recommended dosing guidelines. Dosing was not held or limited based on low-grade adverse events therefore adverse event data was aggregated across all dosages.

Additional Information

Dr. Toby Maurer, MD

University of California, San Francisco

Phone: (628) 206-8680

Results disclosure agreements

  • Principal investigator is a sponsor employee
  • Publication restrictions are in place