Trial Outcomes & Findings for Diet in Altering Disease Progression in Patients With Prostate Cancer on Active Surveillance (NCT NCT01238172)

NCT ID: NCT01238172

Last Updated: 2023-03-21

Results Overview

Time to progression (TTP) was defined as the length of time from the date of random assignment to progression; patients who died from any cause without experiencing disease progression were censored at the time of death. Disease progression is defined by (a) PSA doubling time (PSADT) less than 3 years, (b) PSA above 10 at any time, or (c) Gleason score on repeat biopsy ≥ 7 for men 70 years or younger and ≥ 4+3 = 7 for men older than 70 years. For the primary analysis, TTP was analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method; the log-rank test was used to determine superiority of the intervention arm (Arm A: MEAL Program Intervention) compared with the control arm (Arm B: Prostate Cancer Foundation Booklet).

Recruitment status

COMPLETED

Study phase

PHASE3

Target enrollment

478 participants

Primary outcome timeframe

Up to 2 years

Results posted on

2023-03-21

Participant Flow

Of 602 total patients were pre-registered, only 478 patients were deemed eligible and randomized.

Participant milestones

Participant milestones
Measure
Arm A - MEAL Program Intervention
Patients will receive dietary education and telephone counseling sessions over 24 months.
Arm B - Prostate Cancer Foundation Booklet
Patients receive education material about diet, nutrition, exercise and cancer.
Overall Study
STARTED
237
241
Overall Study
COMPLETED
226
217
Overall Study
NOT COMPLETED
11
24

Reasons for withdrawal

Reasons for withdrawal
Measure
Arm A - MEAL Program Intervention
Patients will receive dietary education and telephone counseling sessions over 24 months.
Arm B - Prostate Cancer Foundation Booklet
Patients receive education material about diet, nutrition, exercise and cancer.
Overall Study
Ineligible: based on Eligibility Review
2
5
Overall Study
Ineligible: based on Central Path Review
9
19

Baseline Characteristics

Diet in Altering Disease Progression in Patients With Prostate Cancer on Active Surveillance

Baseline characteristics by cohort

Baseline characteristics by cohort
Measure
Arm A - MEAL Program Intervention
n=226 Participants
Patients will receive dietary education and telephone counseling sessions over 24 months.
Arm B - Prostate Cancer Foundation Booklet
n=217 Participants
Patients receive education material about diet, nutrition, exercise and cancer.
Total
n=443 Participants
Total of all reporting groups
Age, Continuous
63.7 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 6.5 • n=5 Participants
63.5 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 6.6 • n=7 Participants
63.6 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 6.5 • n=5 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Female
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Male
226 Participants
n=5 Participants
217 Participants
n=7 Participants
443 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race/Ethnicity, Customized
American Indian or Alaska Native
1 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
1 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race/Ethnicity, Customized
Asian
6 Participants
n=5 Participants
9 Participants
n=7 Participants
15 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race/Ethnicity, Customized
Black or African American
24 Participants
n=5 Participants
26 Participants
n=7 Participants
50 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race/Ethnicity, Customized
Hispanic or Latino
9 Participants
n=5 Participants
7 Participants
n=7 Participants
16 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race/Ethnicity, Customized
More than one race
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
2 Participants
n=7 Participants
2 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race/Ethnicity, Customized
Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
1 Participants
n=7 Participants
1 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race/Ethnicity, Customized
White
186 Participants
n=5 Participants
171 Participants
n=7 Participants
357 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race/Ethnicity, Customized
Not Reported
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
1 Participants
n=7 Participants
1 Participants
n=5 Participants
Region of Enrollment
United States
226 Participants
n=5 Participants
217 Participants
n=7 Participants
443 Participants
n=5 Participants
Body Mass Index (BMI)
28.7 kg/m2
STANDARD_DEVIATION 5.9 • n=5 Participants
28.3 kg/m2
STANDARD_DEVIATION 3.7 • n=7 Participants
28.5 kg/m2
STANDARD_DEVIATION 4.9 • n=5 Participants

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Up to 2 years

Population: The primary analysis was based on the modified intention-to-treat (m-ITT) analysis population. The m-ITT population included all randomized patients; however, patients who later became ineligible by eligibility review or centralized pathology review of their baseline tissue specimens were excluded.

Time to progression (TTP) was defined as the length of time from the date of random assignment to progression; patients who died from any cause without experiencing disease progression were censored at the time of death. Disease progression is defined by (a) PSA doubling time (PSADT) less than 3 years, (b) PSA above 10 at any time, or (c) Gleason score on repeat biopsy ≥ 7 for men 70 years or younger and ≥ 4+3 = 7 for men older than 70 years. For the primary analysis, TTP was analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method; the log-rank test was used to determine superiority of the intervention arm (Arm A: MEAL Program Intervention) compared with the control arm (Arm B: Prostate Cancer Foundation Booklet).

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Arm A - MEAL Program Intervention
n=226 Participants
Patients will receive dietary education and telephone counseling sessions over 24 months.
Arm B - Prostate Cancer Foundation Booklet
n=217 Participants
Patients receive education material about diet, nutrition, exercise and cancer.
Time to Progression
683.0 days
Interval 471.0 to 733.0
549.0 days
Interval 418.0 to 728.0

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Up to 2 years

Population: The m-ITT population included all randomized patients; however, patients who later became ineligible by eligibility review or centralized pathology review of their baseline tissue specimens were excluded.

Time to treatment was analyzed by the Kaplan-Meier method. For this analysis, patients who did not withdrawal from the study to pursue treatment were censored at the time of clinical progression, death, or their last follow-up visit, whichever occurred first. The number of patients who observed an event (treatment) are summarized below.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Arm A - MEAL Program Intervention
n=226 Participants
Patients will receive dietary education and telephone counseling sessions over 24 months.
Arm B - Prostate Cancer Foundation Booklet
n=217 Participants
Patients receive education material about diet, nutrition, exercise and cancer.
Time to Treatment: Censoring Death, Progression or Last Follow-up as Measured by Number of Events Observed
3 Participants
2 Participants

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Up to 2 years

Population: modified ITT population: Only participants with available data on the individual study measure at baseline and 24 months were included in the analysis.

Quality of Life (QOL) was measured using Observed Total Summary Score of Memorial Anxiety Scale for Prostate Cancer \[MAX-PC\] at Month 24 on a 0-108 scale, with lower scores corresponding to worse overall QOL and higher scores corresponding to better overall QOL. MAX-PC is a prostate cancer-specific measure to assess patient anxiety due to prostate cancer, PSA tests and fears of recurrence. Change from baseline to month-24 was calculated by subtracting the baseline scores from the scores at month-24. Higher scores on MAX-PC indicate better QOL

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Arm A - MEAL Program Intervention
n=150 Participants
Patients will receive dietary education and telephone counseling sessions over 24 months.
Arm B - Prostate Cancer Foundation Booklet
n=140 Participants
Patients receive education material about diet, nutrition, exercise and cancer.
Quality of Life (QOL) Was Measured Using Change From Baseline in Total Summary Score of Memorial Anxiety Scale for Prostate Cancer (MAX-PC) at Month 24
2.0 score on a scale
Interval -39.5 to 41.9
2.8 score on a scale
Interval -42.3 to 34.3

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Up to 2 years

Population: Participants with available data on the individual study measure at baseline and 24 months were included in the analysis

At baseline and 24 months, participant diet including total vegetables (servings/day) was measured with a series of three separate interviews at each time point, on three-randomly selected days in a single week, using the Nutrition Data Systems for Research (NDS-R, current version 2010, University of Minnesota Nutrition Coordinating Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN) software and nutrient database. Total vegetables were measured as the number of servings per day (range: ≥ 0), where higher values correspond to more servings per day. The within-participant change from baseline at 24 months was calculated by subtracting the baseline number of servings per day from the number of servings per day at month 24; positive values correspond to increased consumption of total vegetables.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Arm A - MEAL Program Intervention
n=233 Participants
Patients will receive dietary education and telephone counseling sessions over 24 months.
Arm B - Prostate Cancer Foundation Booklet
n=240 Participants
Patients receive education material about diet, nutrition, exercise and cancer.
Total Vegetables (Servings Per Day) Evaluated at Baseline and Month 24 Based on Dietary Recall
2.01 servings per day
Interval 1.75 to 2.28
0.37 servings per day
Interval 0.11 to 0.62

Adverse Events

Arm A - MEAL Program Intervention

Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Arm B - Prostate Cancer Foundation Booklet

Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Serious adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Other adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Additional Information

J. Kellogg Parsons, M.D., MHS

Moores Cancer Center

Phone: 858-822-7874

Results disclosure agreements

  • Principal investigator is a sponsor employee
  • Publication restrictions are in place