Tobacco Dependence Treatment for Asian Americans

Study Results

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Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

COMPLETED

Clinical Phase

NA

Total Enrollment

109 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2009-10-31

Study Completion Date

2014-01-31

Brief Summary

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Nicotine dependence is very common among Asian Americans; yet, research on understanding and treating nicotine dependence in this group is almost nonexistent. The proposed study is a first attempt to develop a smoking cessation program that is tailored to Korean-culture specific aspects. It is proposed that Korean Americans who receive a culturally tailored smoking cessation program will be more likely to have prolonged abstinence at 12-month follow-up than their counterparts who receive brief cessation counseling. Subjects in both arms receive nicotine patches for 8 weeks. Self-reported abstinence is validated with exhaled carbon monoxide and salivary cotinine tests.

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Detailed Description

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Korean men have been known for very high smoking rates and the highest cancer death smoking-attributable fraction. In contrast, Korean women reportedly smoke at low rates compared to the general U.S. population. However, recent population-based survey data indicate steady increases in smoking prevalence of Korean American women. Particularly, it has been found that they tend to initiate smoking as they acculturate into social norms of American women. Preliminary data of the applicant and others suggests interventions must be culturally adapted and a motivation-based and family-involved approach is most promising. The training plan will help the applicant develop an independent program of drug abuse research that focuses on better understanding and treating tobacco dependence among Asian Americans, including evaluating culturally competent and gender-specific interventions. The research plan will examine the impact of culture and gender on nicotine dependence and utilize National Institute on Drug Abuse behavioral therapy development methods. The proposed research plan has two-phases and evaluates tobacco dependence treatment with Korean Americans (N = 164, 50% women). Phase 1 is a no-control group study (Stage Ia) that is aimed at developing an intervention manual of Group-based Motivational Interviewing (GMI) intervention, therapists' adherence and competence scales, training program, and small feasibility intervention study with 20 Korean-American (offered separately for men and women). Phase 2 is a randomized controlled trial (Stage Ib) with 144 Korean Americans that is conducted to assess feasibility and relative effectiveness of the GMI behavioral intervention in conjunction with Nicotine Replacement Therapy (NRT) in comparison with a brief group medication management of NRT. Gender-interaction effects of psychosocial variables on treatment outcomes will be assessed, including acculturation and depression. This award will help prepare the applicant for an independent research career focusing on Asian Americans and Nicotine Dependence, including adapting and testing new interventions for different populations.

Conditions

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Tobacco Dependence

Study Design

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Allocation Method

RANDOMIZED

Intervention Model

PARALLEL

Primary Study Purpose

PREVENTION

Blinding Strategy

NONE

Study Groups

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deep cultural arm

deep cultural therapy

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Deep Cultural

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Deep culturally tailored cognitive behavioral therapy

standard arm

brief cessation counseling

Group Type ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Standard

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

10 minute brief cessation counseling

Interventions

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Standard

10 minute brief cessation counseling

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Deep Cultural

Deep culturally tailored cognitive behavioral therapy

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

Korean-speaking Koreans who:

1. Are ages of 18 and older
2. Have been smoking at least 10 or more cigarettes on average per day for the past 30 days; AND
3. Are willing to quit smoking and receive NRT

Exclusion Criteria

1. Inability to speak and understand Korean or English
2. Involvement in behavioral or other pharmacological smoking cessation programs
3. History of serious cardiac diseases and/or presence of skin diseases (see Human Subjects); OR
4. Pregnancy, lactation or plans to become pregnant in the next 12 months

Minimum Eligible Age

18 Years

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes