Smoking Termination Enhancement Project (STEP)

NCT ID: NCT01065506

Last Updated: 2016-02-04

Study Results

Results available

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Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

COMPLETED

Clinical Phase

PHASE3

Total Enrollment

150 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2009-09-30

Study Completion Date

2013-08-31

Brief Summary

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The primary aim of this research study (STEP) is to compare the effectiveness of two smoking cessation programs that integrate counseling and nicotine replacement with either a wellness program or exercise. This will help us to determine whether different lifestyle interventions (wellness or exercise) help increase the effectiveness of current standard programs for smoking cessation.

Detailed Description

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Conditions

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Smoking

Study Design

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Allocation Method

RANDOMIZED

Intervention Model

PARALLEL

Primary Study Purpose

TREATMENT

Blinding Strategy

NONE

Study Groups

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Standard Care plus Wellness Program

Group Type ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Cognitive Behavioral Treatment

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Cognitive Behavioral Treatment

Nicotine Patch

Intervention Type DRUG

Nicotine Patch

Wellness Program

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Wellness Program

Standard Care plus Exercise Program

Group Type ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Cognitive Behavioral Treatment

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Cognitive Behavioral Treatment

Nicotine Patch

Intervention Type DRUG

Nicotine Patch

Aerobic Exercise

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Aerobic Exercise

Interventions

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Cognitive Behavioral Treatment

Cognitive Behavioral Treatment

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Nicotine Patch

Nicotine Patch

Intervention Type DRUG

Wellness Program

Wellness Program

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Aerobic Exercise

Aerobic Exercise

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

1. Aged between 18 and 65 years old
2. Capable of providing informed consent, attend all study visits and comply with the protocol
3. Daily smoker for at least one year and currently smoke an average of at least 10 cigarettes per day
4. Report a motivation to quit smoking in the next month of at least 5 on a 10-point scale
5. Score of 20 or greater on 16-item Anxiety Sensitivity Index
6. Physically inactive as defined as participating in moderate-intensity exercise less than 2 days/week (duration must be 30 minutes or less each time)

Exclusion Criteria

1. Use of other tobacco products
2. General medical condition(s) that contraindicate exercise
3. Resting blood pressure of ≥ 160 systolic and/or 100 diastolic who are not receiving treatment for high blood pressure
4. Blood lipid levels ≥ 240 mg/dl with LDL-C ≥ 160 mg/dl or triglyceride levels ≥ 300 mg/dl (individuals receiving medical treatment for lipid abnormalities with lipid levels above the cut-offs will be eligible with physician written approval)
5. Body mass index ≥40
6. Currently suicidal or high suicide risk
7. Current or past psychotic disorders of any type, or comorbid psychiatric conditions that are relative or absolute contraindications to the use of any treatment option in the study protocol
8. Currently pregnant, planning on becoming pregnant in the next year, or current breastfeeding
9. Alcohol or drug dependence; abuse of depressants, dissociative anesthetics, hallucinogens, opioids, or cocaine within the last 6 months
10. Psychotherapy initiated within the past three months, or ongoing psychotherapy of any duration directed specifically toward the treatment of anxiety or mood disorder other than general supportive therapy
11. Current use of any psychotherapy or pharmacotherapy for smoking cessation not provided by the researchers, including Chantix, Zyban, Welbutrin and Nortriptyline.
Minimum Eligible Age

18 Years

Maximum Eligible Age

65 Years

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Sponsors

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National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)

NIH

Sponsor Role collaborator

Southern Methodist University

OTHER

Sponsor Role lead

Responsible Party

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Jasper Smits, Ph.D.

Principal Investigator

Responsibility Role PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Principal Investigators

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Jasper Smits, PhD

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Southern Methodist University

Michael Zvolensky, PhD

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

University of Houston

Locations

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Southern Methodist University

Dallas, Texas, United States

Site Status

Countries

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United States

References

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Tart CD, Leyro TM, Richter A, Zvolensky MJ, Rosenfield D, Smits JA. Negative affect as a mediator of the relationship between vigorous-intensity exercise and smoking. Addict Behav. 2010 Jun;35(6):580-5. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2010.01.009. Epub 2010 Feb 1.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 20171786 (View on PubMed)

Smits JA, Rosenfield D, Mather AA, Tart CD, Henriksen C, Sareen J. Psychotropic medication use mediates the relationship between mood and anxiety disorders and obesity: findings from a nationally representative sample. J Psychiatr Res. 2010 Nov;44(15):1010-6. doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2010.04.007.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 20434171 (View on PubMed)

Medina JL, Vujanovic AA, Smits JA, Irons JG, Zvolensky MJ, Bonn-Miller MO. Exercise and coping-oriented alcohol use among a trauma-exposed sample. Addict Behav. 2011 Mar;36(3):274-7. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2010.11.008. Epub 2010 Nov 10.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 21111538 (View on PubMed)

Smits JA, Bonn-Miller MO, Tart CD, Irons JG, Zvolensky MJ. Anxiety sensitivity as a mediator of the relationship between moderate-intensity exercise and coping-oriented marijuana use motives. Am J Addict. 2011 Mar-Apr;20(2):113-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1521-0391.2010.00115.x. Epub 2011 Feb 1.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 21314753 (View on PubMed)

Smits JA, Tart CD, Rosenfield D, Zvolensky MJ. The interplay between physical activity and anxiety sensitivity in fearful responding to carbon dioxide challenge. Psychosom Med. 2011 Jul-Aug;73(6):498-503. doi: 10.1097/PSY.0b013e3182223b28. Epub 2011 Jun 23.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 21700713 (View on PubMed)

Mathew AR, Norton PJ, Zvolensky MJ, Buckner JD, Smits JA. Smoking Behavior and Alcohol Consumption in Individuals With Panic Attacks. J Cogn Psychother. 2011 Feb 1;25(1):61-70. doi: 10.1891/0889-8391.25.1.61.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 21915160 (View on PubMed)

Zvolensky MJ, Buckner JD, Norton PJ, Smits JA. Anxiety, Substance Use, and Their Co-Occurrence: Advances in Clinical Science. J Cogn Psychother. 2011;25(1):3-6. doi: 10.1891/0889-8391.25.1.3.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 21857769 (View on PubMed)

Deboer LB, Tart CD, Presnell KE, Powers MB, Baldwin AS, Smits JA. Physical activity as a moderator of the association between anxiety sensitivity and binge eating. Eat Behav. 2012 Aug;13(3):194-201. doi: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2012.01.009. Epub 2012 Jan 28.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 22664396 (View on PubMed)

Smits JA, Zvolensky MJ, Davis ML, Rosenfield D, Marcus BH, Church TS, Powers MB, Frierson GM, Otto MW, Hopkins LB, Brown RA, Baird SO. The Efficacy of Vigorous-Intensity Exercise as an Aid to Smoking Cessation in Adults With High Anxiety Sensitivity: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Psychosom Med. 2016 Apr;78(3):354-64. doi: 10.1097/PSY.0000000000000264.

Reference Type DERIVED
PMID: 26513517 (View on PubMed)

Smits JA, Zvolensky MJ, Rosenfield D, Marcus BH, Church TS, Frierson GM, Powers MB, Otto MW, Davis ML, DeBoer LB, Briceno NF. The efficacy of vigorous-intensity exercise as an aid to smoking cessation in adults with elevated anxiety sensitivity: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials. 2012 Nov 13;13:207. doi: 10.1186/1745-6215-13-207.

Reference Type DERIVED
PMID: 23148822 (View on PubMed)

Other Identifiers

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1R01DA027533-01

Identifier Type: NIH

Identifier Source: secondary_id

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R01DA027533

Identifier Type: NIH

Identifier Source: org_study_id

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