Study Results
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Basic Information
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COMPLETED
PHASE1
4 participants
INTERVENTIONAL
2009-03-31
2011-08-31
Brief Summary
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Detailed Description
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Tumescent local anesthesia (TLA) consists of the subcutaneous infiltration of very dilute lidocaine (≤ 1 gram/liter) and epinephrine (≤ 1 milligram/liter) with sodium bicarbonate (10 milliequivalents/liter) in a physiologic solution of sodium chloride. Clinically TLA produces intense local anesthesia associated with profound wide-spread vasoconstriction lasting for more than 12 hours. Tumescent delivery of a cefazolin refers to the subcutaneous infiltration of cefazolin dissolved in a dilute solution of tumescent local anesthesia.
For a number of surgical procedures the current standard of care for prophylaxis of surgical site infection (SSI) is IV antibiotics (e.g. cefazolin) administered within 30 to 60 minutes before a surgical incision. We hypothesize that tumescent delivery of cefazolin may be more effective in preventing SSI and possibly safer with fewer side effects compared to IV delivery of cefazolin.
This protocol is a preliminary step in exploring the possibility that tumescent delivery of cefazolin is better than standard IV delivery for the prevention of SSI. The present protocol is a phase I study that will document and compare serum and tissue cefazolin levels after IV and subcutaneous tumescent delivery. A finding that tumescent delivery provides prolonged tissue levels of cefazolin will justify a phase II study of tumescent cefazolin at the site of an anticipated surgical incision for SSI prevention.
• Summary of Experimental Design of Clinical Trial Protocol The tumescent cefazolin study protocol is organized as follows. The tumescent cefazolin clinical study protocol will involve four adult volunteer subjects/participants. Each subject will participate in up to four (4) separate 12 to 24-hour investigative procedures at least one to two weeks apart. Concentrations of drugs in the solution of tumescent local anesthesia will be: lidocaine ≤ 1000 mg/L, epinephrine ≤ 1.0 mg/L, sodium bicarbonate 10 meq/L, cefazolin ≤ 1 gm/L with or without metronidazole 500mg/L . Maximum total cefazolin dose will be 1 gm. The maximum total metronidazole dose will be 500 mg. The maximum tumescent lidocaine dosage will be 20 mg/kg. TLA will be delivered into subcutaneous fat by peristaltic infiltration pump using blunt-tipped infiltration cannulas.
Procedures 1 \& 2: Subcutaneous infiltration of tumescent cefazolin: Two of the four investigative procedures will begin with infiltration of a solution of tumescent local anesthesia containing cefazolin. Following infiltration of subcutaneous tumescent local anesthesia containing cefazolin approximately 9 sequential blood and tissue samples are taken over 12 to 24 hours. In these two studies a minimal volume of liposuction (10 ml to 12 ml using a hand held syringe) will be done in order to obtain samples of subcutaneous fat and tumescent subcutaneous interstitial tissue-fluid for measurement of cefazolin and metronidazole concentration.
Procedure 3: IV infusion of cefazolin or metronidazole: In the control study the patient is given 1 gm of IV cefazolin with or without 500 mg of metronidazole and subsequent sequential serum samples for antibiotic concentration will be obtained over 12 hours.
Serum Samples: Sequential sampling of serum and fat will be obtained at 0, 1, 3, 6, 9, 12, 18, and 24 hour (T0, T1, T3, T6, T9, T12, T15, T18 and T24), where T0 = time of completion of tumescent infiltration or IV infusion. Serum samples will be obtained from a peripheral vein via an indwelling catheter and analyzed for cefazolin concentration by HPLC.
Tissue Fluid Samples: Samples of subcutaneous tissue fluid will be obtained by liposuction of approximately 10 ml of subcutaneous fat and tumescent anesthetic solution using a hand-held syringe, the aspirate being centrifuged to obtain an aqueous infranate from which cefazolin, metronidazole and lidocaine concentration will be measured by HPLC. Clinical experience has shown that tumescent local anesthesia persists for at least 12 hours. If the patient experiences any significant discomfort during the aspiration of subcutaneous fat using a hand-held syringe, then no further subcutaneous tissue samples will be taken for the duration of that clinical procedure.
Conditions
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Study Design
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NON_RANDOMIZED
SINGLE_GROUP
PREVENTION
NONE
Study Groups
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Tumescent Antibiotic Delivery
TAD followed by sequential serum and interstitial tissue fluid sampling for antibiotic concentration of subsequent 24 hours
Tumescent Antibiotic Delivery of cefazolin with or without metronidazole
TAD of cefazolin with or without metronidazole followed by sequential serum and interstitial fluid samples over 14 to 24 hours for antibiotic concentrations
Intravenous Antibiotic Delivery
Intravenous antibiotic delivery of cefazolin with or without metronidazole followed by sequential serum and interstitial tissue fluid sampling for antibiotic concentration of subsequent 24 hours.
Intravenous Antibiotic Delivery
Intravenous antibiotic delivery of cefazolin with or without metronidazole followed by sequential serum sampling for antibiotic concentration of subsequent 12 to 24 hours.
Interventions
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Tumescent Antibiotic Delivery of cefazolin with or without metronidazole
TAD of cefazolin with or without metronidazole followed by sequential serum and interstitial fluid samples over 14 to 24 hours for antibiotic concentrations
Intravenous Antibiotic Delivery
Intravenous antibiotic delivery of cefazolin with or without metronidazole followed by sequential serum sampling for antibiotic concentration of subsequent 12 to 24 hours.
Other Intervention Names
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria
* No allergies to cefazolin, metronidazole or lidocaine
Exclusion Criteria
* Hepatitis C
* Diabetes
21 Years
75 Years
ALL
Yes
Sponsors
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Klein, Jeffrey A., M.D.
INDIV
Responsible Party
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Locations
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Capistrano Surgery Center
San Juan Capistrano, California, United States
Countries
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Related Links
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Information about tumescent drug delivery
Other Identifiers
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2 TAD
Identifier Type: -
Identifier Source: org_study_id