Trial Outcomes & Findings for Cognitive Rehabilitation of Operations Iraqi Freedom and Enduring Freedom (OIF/OEF) Veterans With Cognitive Disorder (NCT NCT01040858)

NCT ID: NCT01040858

Last Updated: 2015-01-26

Results Overview

A self-report measure of severity of attention and organizational problems. It measures the sum of severity ratings on a scale from 0 (never) to 4 (very often). The total score ranges from 0 to 64.

Recruitment status

COMPLETED

Study phase

NA

Target enrollment

128 participants

Primary outcome timeframe

Week 10

Results posted on

2015-01-26

Participant Flow

Participant milestones

Participant milestones
Measure
Cognitive Strategies Training
Participants in the experimental group received the Cognitive Strategies intervention during their participation in the study. Cognitive Strategies Training consisted of weekly 120-minute group sessions for 10 weeks.
Placebo Comparison Group
Placebo comparison group continued to receive usual care and did not receive Cognitive Strategies training duirng their participation in the study. They were, however, offered to receive the training at the end of their participation in the study.
Overall Study
STARTED
59
69
Overall Study
COMPLETED
50
69
Overall Study
NOT COMPLETED
9
0

Reasons for withdrawal

Withdrawal data not reported

Baseline Characteristics

Cognitive Rehabilitation of Operations Iraqi Freedom and Enduring Freedom (OIF/OEF) Veterans With Cognitive Disorder

Baseline characteristics by cohort

Baseline characteristics by cohort
Measure
Cognitive Strategies Group
n=50 Participants
Participants in the experimental group received the Cognitive Strategies intervention during their participation in the study. Cognitive Strategies Training consisted of weekly 120-minute group sessions for 10 weeks.
Placebo Comparison Group
n=69 Participants
Placebo comparison group continued to receive usual care and did not receive Cognitive Strategies training duirng their participation in the study. They were, however, offered to receive the training at the end of their participation in the study.
Total
n=119 Participants
Total of all reporting groups
Age, Continuous
34.8 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 7 • n=5 Participants
35.4 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 8 • n=7 Participants
34.8 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 7.9 • n=5 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Female
3 Participants
n=5 Participants
3 Participants
n=7 Participants
6 Participants
n=5 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Male
47 Participants
n=5 Participants
66 Participants
n=7 Participants
113 Participants
n=5 Participants
The Neurobehavioral Symptom Inventory
45.04 units on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 16.32 • n=5 Participants
44.8 units on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 14.5 • n=7 Participants
44.90 units on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 14.01 • n=5 Participants
Prospective-Retrospective Memory Questionnaire
57.2 units on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 8 • n=5 Participants
55.4 units on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 10 • n=7 Participants
56.1 units on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 9.5 • n=5 Participants
Multiple Sclerosis Neuropsychological Screening Questionnaire-Patient Version
37.8 units on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 9 • n=5 Participants
37.0 units on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 10 • n=7 Participants
37.3 units on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 9.7 • n=5 Participants
Memory Compensation Questionnaire
119.8 units on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 24 • n=5 Participants
118.5 units on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 7 • n=7 Participants
119.03 units on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 24.7 • n=5 Participants
The Wide Range Achievement Test-IV
97.02 units on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 8.75 • n=5 Participants
99.70 units on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 8.3 • n=7 Participants
98.56 units on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 8.6 • n=5 Participants
Hopkins Verbal Memory Test-Revised
41.6 units on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 11.2 • n=5 Participants
40.48 units on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 12.2 • n=7 Participants
40.95 units on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 11.7 • n=5 Participants
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Digit Span
25.76 units on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 5.42 • n=5 Participants
27.10 units on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 6.41 • n=7 Participants
26.53 units on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 6.0 • n=5 Participants
Delis-Kaplan Executive Function System, Trails Subtest
9.3 units on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 3 • n=5 Participants
9.84 units on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 2 • n=7 Participants
9.31 units on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 3 • n=5 Participants
Delis-Kaplan Executive Function System, Letter Fluency Subtest
9.78 units on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 3.3 • n=5 Participants
10.18 units on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 3.7 • n=7 Participants
10.01 units on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 3.5 • n=5 Participants
PTSD Checklist-Military Version
57.50 units on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 14.5 • n=5 Participants
58.94 units on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 14.5 • n=7 Participants
58.31 units on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 14.4 • n=5 Participants
Beck Depression Inventory, Second Edition
24.9 units on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 12.2 • n=5 Participants
25.3 units on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 12.6 • n=7 Participants
25.11 units on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 12.34 • n=5 Participants
Severity of Dependence Scale
1.04 units on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 2.3 • n=5 Participants
0.46 units on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 1.2 • n=7 Participants
0.70 units on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 1.78 • n=5 Participants
Satisfaction with Life Scale
16.30 units on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 7.5 • n=5 Participants
16.73 units on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 7.1 • n=7 Participants
16.6 units on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 7.2 • n=5 Participants

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Week 10

Population: The number of participants who completed this measure at Week 10 was lower than baseline due to missing data, or incomplete data.

A self-report measure of severity of attention and organizational problems. It measures the sum of severity ratings on a scale from 0 (never) to 4 (very often). The total score ranges from 0 to 64.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Cognitive Strategies Training
n=36 Participants
Participants in the experimental group received the Cognitive Strategies intervention during their participation in the study. Cognitive Strategies Training consisted of weekly 120-minute group sessions for 10 weeks.
Placebo Comparison Group
n=51 Participants
Placebo comparison group continued to receive usual care and did not receive Cognitive Strategies training duirng their participation in the study. They were, however, offered to receive the training at the end of their participation in the study.
Multiple Sclerosis Neuropsychological Screening Questionnaire-Patient Version
33.58 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 9.52
36.35 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 10.23

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Week 10

Population: The number of participants who completed this measure at Week 10 was lower than baseline due to missing data, or incomplete data.

A 16-item self-report severity measure of prospective and retrospective memory problems relevant to everyday life. The measure reports the sum of severity ratings on a scale from 1 (never) to 5 (very often). The PRMQ total score ranges from 16 to 80.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Cognitive Strategies Training
n=36 Participants
Participants in the experimental group received the Cognitive Strategies intervention during their participation in the study. Cognitive Strategies Training consisted of weekly 120-minute group sessions for 10 weeks.
Placebo Comparison Group
n=51 Participants
Placebo comparison group continued to receive usual care and did not receive Cognitive Strategies training duirng their participation in the study. They were, however, offered to receive the training at the end of their participation in the study.
Prospective-Retrospective Memory Questionnaire (PRMQ; Crawford, Henry, Ward, &
49.56 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 10
55.20 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 12

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Week 10

Population: The number of participants who completed this measure at Week 10 was lower than baseline due to missing data, or incomplete data.

A post-concussive symptom measure. The total score on the measure is the sum of severity ratings for 22 symptoms on a scale from 0 (none) to 4 (very severe). NSI total score ranges from 0 to 88.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Cognitive Strategies Training
n=36 Participants
Participants in the experimental group received the Cognitive Strategies intervention during their participation in the study. Cognitive Strategies Training consisted of weekly 120-minute group sessions for 10 weeks.
Placebo Comparison Group
n=52 Participants
Placebo comparison group continued to receive usual care and did not receive Cognitive Strategies training duirng their participation in the study. They were, however, offered to receive the training at the end of their participation in the study.
The Neurobehavioral Symptom Inventory
40.89 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 17.7
43.52 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 17.69

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Week 10

Population: The number of participants who completed this measure at Week 10 was lower than baseline due to missing data, or incomplete data.

The MCQ is a 44-item self-report questionnaire that rates the extent to which patients use various strategies to improve memory performance relevant to daily living. The MCQ measures the sum of memory strategies used on a scale from 0 (never) to 4 (always). The total score ranges from 0 to 176.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Cognitive Strategies Training
n=36 Participants
Participants in the experimental group received the Cognitive Strategies intervention during their participation in the study. Cognitive Strategies Training consisted of weekly 120-minute group sessions for 10 weeks.
Placebo Comparison Group
n=52 Participants
Placebo comparison group continued to receive usual care and did not receive Cognitive Strategies training duirng their participation in the study. They were, however, offered to receive the training at the end of their participation in the study.
Memory Compensation Questionnaire
123.08 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 26.2
119.52 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 28.33

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Week 10

Population: The number of participants who completed this measure at Week 10 was lower than baseline due to missing data, or incomplete data.

Verbal list learning and delayed recall. Total recall T-score was used for the analyses. Total recall T-score ranges from 13 (severely impaired) to 86 (very superior).

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Cognitive Strategies Training
n=36 Participants
Participants in the experimental group received the Cognitive Strategies intervention during their participation in the study. Cognitive Strategies Training consisted of weekly 120-minute group sessions for 10 weeks.
Placebo Comparison Group
n=51 Participants
Placebo comparison group continued to receive usual care and did not receive Cognitive Strategies training duirng their participation in the study. They were, however, offered to receive the training at the end of their participation in the study.
Hopkins Verbal Memory Test-Revised
50.50 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 12.97
44.75 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 12.2

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Week 10

Population: The number of participants who completed this measure at Week 10 was lower than baseline due to missing data, or incomplete data.

A measure of attention and working memory. Total score was used, and it ranges from 0 to 48, with higher scores indicating greater attentional capacity.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Cognitive Strategies Training
n=36 Participants
Participants in the experimental group received the Cognitive Strategies intervention during their participation in the study. Cognitive Strategies Training consisted of weekly 120-minute group sessions for 10 weeks.
Placebo Comparison Group
n=52 Participants
Placebo comparison group continued to receive usual care and did not receive Cognitive Strategies training duirng their participation in the study. They were, however, offered to receive the training at the end of their participation in the study.
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-3rd Edition, Digit Span Subtest
28.39 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 5.76
28.58 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 5.79

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Week 10

Population: The number of participants who completed this measure at Week 10 was lower than baseline due to missing data, or incomplete data.

A visual-motor task used to measure flexibility in thinking (executive function) and processing speed. Scaled score for Condition 4 was used, and possible scores ranges from 0 to 20 with higher scores indicating better outcome.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Cognitive Strategies Training
n=36 Participants
Participants in the experimental group received the Cognitive Strategies intervention during their participation in the study. Cognitive Strategies Training consisted of weekly 120-minute group sessions for 10 weeks.
Placebo Comparison Group
n=52 Participants
Placebo comparison group continued to receive usual care and did not receive Cognitive Strategies training duirng their participation in the study. They were, however, offered to receive the training at the end of their participation in the study.
Delis-Kaplan Executive Function System, Trails Subtest
9.89 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 2.9
10.38 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 2.24

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Week 10

Population: The number of participants who completed this measure at Week 10 was lower than baseline due to missing data, or incomplete data.

A measure of verbal fluency, generativity, and processing speed. A scaled score of Letter Fluency portion of the test was used. The scores ranged from 0 to 20 with higher scores indicating better outcomes.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Cognitive Strategies Training
n=36 Participants
Participants in the experimental group received the Cognitive Strategies intervention during their participation in the study. Cognitive Strategies Training consisted of weekly 120-minute group sessions for 10 weeks.
Placebo Comparison Group
n=52 Participants
Placebo comparison group continued to receive usual care and did not receive Cognitive Strategies training duirng their participation in the study. They were, however, offered to receive the training at the end of their participation in the study.
Delis-Kaplan Executive Function System, Verbal Fluency Subtest
11.31 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 2.72
10.63 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 3.10

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Week 10

Population: The number of participants who completed this measure at Week 10 was lower than baseline due to missing data, or incomplete data.

A PTSD symptom severity measures based on DSM-IV diagnostic criteria. It measures the sum of severit ratings for 17 symptoms on a scale from 1 (not at all) to 5 (extremely). PCL-M total score ranges from 17 to 85.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Cognitive Strategies Training
n=36 Participants
Participants in the experimental group received the Cognitive Strategies intervention during their participation in the study. Cognitive Strategies Training consisted of weekly 120-minute group sessions for 10 weeks.
Placebo Comparison Group
n=50 Participants
Placebo comparison group continued to receive usual care and did not receive Cognitive Strategies training duirng their participation in the study. They were, however, offered to receive the training at the end of their participation in the study.
PTSD Checklist-Military Version
53.22 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 16.42
57.18 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 17.0

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Week 10

Population: The number of participants who completed this measure at Week 10 was lower than baseline due to missing data, or incomplete data.

A depression symptom severity measures based on DSM-IV diagnostic criteria. It measures the sum of severity ratings for 21 symptoms on a scale from 0 (none) to 3 (severe). BDI total score ranges from 0 to 63.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Cognitive Strategies Training
n=36 Participants
Participants in the experimental group received the Cognitive Strategies intervention during their participation in the study. Cognitive Strategies Training consisted of weekly 120-minute group sessions for 10 weeks.
Placebo Comparison Group
n=52 Participants
Placebo comparison group continued to receive usual care and did not receive Cognitive Strategies training duirng their participation in the study. They were, however, offered to receive the training at the end of their participation in the study.
Beck Depression Inventory, Second Edition
20.53 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 14
23.75 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 14.79

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Week 10

Population: The number of participants who completed this measure at Week 10 was lower than baseline due to missing data, or incomplete data.

A brief substance dependence measure. It measures the sum of severity ratings for 5 symptoms on a scale from 0 (never) to 3 (always). The total score ranges from 0 15.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Cognitive Strategies Training
n=36 Participants
Participants in the experimental group received the Cognitive Strategies intervention during their participation in the study. Cognitive Strategies Training consisted of weekly 120-minute group sessions for 10 weeks.
Placebo Comparison Group
n=51 Participants
Placebo comparison group continued to receive usual care and did not receive Cognitive Strategies training duirng their participation in the study. They were, however, offered to receive the training at the end of their participation in the study.
Severity of Dependence Scale
0.67 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 2.01
0.73 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 2.1

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Week 10

Population: The number of participants who completed this measure at Week 10 was lower than baseline due to missing data, or incomplete data.

A brief measure of global life satisfaction. It measures the sum of satisfaction ratings for 5 items on a scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 7 (strongly agree). The total score ranges from 5 to 35 with higher scores indicating greater satifaction.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Cognitive Strategies Training
n=36 Participants
Participants in the experimental group received the Cognitive Strategies intervention during their participation in the study. Cognitive Strategies Training consisted of weekly 120-minute group sessions for 10 weeks.
Placebo Comparison Group
n=52 Participants
Placebo comparison group continued to receive usual care and did not receive Cognitive Strategies training duirng their participation in the study. They were, however, offered to receive the training at the end of their participation in the study.
Satisfaction With Life Scale
17.44 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 8.5
17.69 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 7.8

Adverse Events

Arm 1

Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Arm 2

Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Serious adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Other adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Additional Information

Dr. Daniel Storzbach

Portland VA Healthcare System

Phone: 503-220-8262

Results disclosure agreements

  • Principal investigator is a sponsor employee
  • Publication restrictions are in place