Transversus Abdominis Plane (TAP) Block for Cesarean Section
NCT ID: NCT01015807
Last Updated: 2017-10-23
Study Results
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View full resultsBasic Information
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COMPLETED
NA
90 participants
INTERVENTIONAL
2009-11-30
2012-08-31
Brief Summary
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Detailed Description
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The purpose of this randomized, double-blinded study is to evaluate the ability of an established anesthetic technique called the transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block to reduce the amount of hyperalgesia women develop around their incision after CS. Measuring the amount of punctuate mechanical hyperalgesia is used as a tool to assess postoperative central sensitization (Lavand'homme et al. 2005), which contributes to postoperative acute pain. Since postoperative acute pain has been shown to be predictive of developing postoperative chronic pain (Eisenach et al. 2008; Yarnitsky et al. 2008), an effective TAP block could help diminish the incidence of chronic pain after CS. In addition, blood samples will be collected for future genetic analysis and we will test preoperatively for mechanical temporal summation (mTS) to evaluate CNS (central nervous system) sensitization and nociceptive system hyperexcitability and see if this correlates with the amount of hyperalgesia women develop around their incision after surgery.
The primary aim of this study is to evaluate the benefits of two different solutions injected by TAP block technique on postoperative peri-incisional hyperalgesia.
Conditions
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Keywords
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Study Design
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RANDOMIZED
PARALLEL
PREVENTION
DOUBLE
Study Groups
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Placebo
Sterile Saline used for TAP block = Bupivacaine Placebo + Clonidine Placebo
Bupivacaine Placebo
2 x 20mL 0.9% NaCl
Clonidine Placebo
2 x 1mL 0.9% NaCl
TAP (Bupi)
2x20mL 0.375% Bupivacaine + 2x1mL of 0.9% NaCl = 150mg Bupivacaine + Clonidine Placebo
Clonidine Placebo
2 x 1mL 0.9% NaCl
Bupivacaine
2 x 20mL 0.375% Bupivacaine = 150 mg Bupivacaine
Clo-TAP (Bupi + Clon)
2x20mL 0.375% Bupivacaine + 2x1mL Clonidine = 150mg Bupivacaine + 150µg Clonidine
Bupivacaine
2 x 20mL 0.375% Bupivacaine = 150 mg Bupivacaine
Clonidine
2 x 1ml Clonidine = 150 µg Clonidine
Interventions
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Bupivacaine Placebo
2 x 20mL 0.9% NaCl
Clonidine Placebo
2 x 1mL 0.9% NaCl
Bupivacaine
2 x 20mL 0.375% Bupivacaine = 150 mg Bupivacaine
Clonidine
2 x 1ml Clonidine = 150 µg Clonidine
Other Intervention Names
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria
* English speaking (UW Site) or Portuguese speaking (Brazil site)
* aged between 18 and 45 years
* BMI \< 40
* ASA physical status class I or II
Exclusion Criteria
* non-English speaking (UW Site) or non-Portuguese speaking (Brazil site)
* previous spinal surgery
* contraindications for neuraxial anesthesia
* allergy to local anesthetic, ultrasound conduction gel, or Clonidine
* history of chronic pain
* inability to receive intraoperative Toradol
18 Years
45 Years
FEMALE
No
Sponsors
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University of Washington
OTHER
Responsible Party
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Laurent Bollag
Assistant Professor, Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine
Principal Investigators
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Ruth Landau, MD
Role: STUDY_CHAIR
University of Washington
Laurent Bollag, MD
Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
University of Washington
Locations
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University of Washington
Seattle, Washington, United States
Hospital e Maternidade Santa Joana
São Paulo, , Brazil
Countries
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References
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Buchanan ML, Easterling TR, Carr DB, Shen DD, Risler LJ, Nelson WL, Mattison DR, Hebert MF. Clonidine pharmacokinetics in pregnancy. Drug Metab Dispos. 2009 Apr;37(4):702-5. doi: 10.1124/dmd.108.024984. Epub 2008 Dec 30.
Carvalho B, Angst MS, Fuller AJ, Lin E, Mathusamy AD, Riley ET. Experimental heat pain for detecting pregnancy-induced analgesia in humans. Anesth Analg. 2006 Nov;103(5):1283-7. doi: 10.1213/01.ane.0000239224.48719.28.
Duma A, Urbanek B, Sitzwohl C, Kreiger A, Zimpfer M, Kapral S. Clonidine as an adjuvant to local anaesthetic axillary brachial plexus block: a randomized, controlled study. Br J Anaesth. 2005 Jan;94(1):112-6. doi: 10.1093/bja/aei009. Epub 2004 Oct 29.
Eisenach JC, De Kock M, Klimscha W. alpha(2)-adrenergic agonists for regional anesthesia. A clinical review of clonidine (1984-1995). Anesthesiology. 1996 Sep;85(3):655-74. doi: 10.1097/00000542-199609000-00026. No abstract available.
Gabriel JS, Gordin V. Alpha 2 agonists in regional anesthesia and analgesia. Curr Opin Anaesthesiol. 2001 Dec;14(6):751-3. doi: 10.1097/00001503-200112000-00024.
Kehlet H, Jensen TS, Woolf CJ. Persistent postsurgical pain: risk factors and prevention. Lancet. 2006 May 13;367(9522):1618-25. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(06)68700-X.
Landau R, Schiffer E, Morales M, Savoldelli G, Kern C. The dose-sparing effect of clonidine added to ropivacaine for labor epidural analgesia. Anesth Analg. 2002 Sep;95(3):728-34, table of contents. doi: 10.1097/00000539-200209000-00036.
Lavand'homme P. Postcesarean analgesia: effective strategies and association with chronic pain. Curr Opin Anaesthesiol. 2006 Jun;19(3):244-8. doi: 10.1097/01.aco.0000192815.22989.61.
Lavand'homme P. Perioperative pain. Curr Opin Anaesthesiol. 2006 Oct;19(5):556-61. doi: 10.1097/01.aco.0000245284.53152.1f.
Lavand'homme P, De Kock M, Waterloos H. Intraoperative epidural analgesia combined with ketamine provides effective preventive analgesia in patients undergoing major digestive surgery. Anesthesiology. 2005 Oct;103(4):813-20. doi: 10.1097/00000542-200510000-00020.
Lavand'homme PM, Roelants F, Waterloos H, Collet V, De Kock MF. An evaluation of the postoperative antihyperalgesic and analgesic effects of intrathecal clonidine administered during elective cesarean delivery. Anesth Analg. 2008 Sep;107(3):948-55. doi: 10.1213/ane.0b013e31817f1595.
Lavand'homme PM, Roelants F, Waterloos H, De Kock MF. Postoperative analgesic effects of continuous wound infiltration with diclofenac after elective cesarean delivery. Anesthesiology. 2007 Jun;106(6):1220-5. doi: 10.1097/01.anes.0000267606.17387.1d.
Marhofer P, Greher M, Kapral S. Ultrasound guidance in regional anaesthesia. Br J Anaesth. 2005 Jan;94(1):7-17. doi: 10.1093/bja/aei002. Epub 2004 Jul 26.
McCartney CJ, Duggan E, Apatu E. Should we add clonidine to local anesthetic for peripheral nerve blockade? A qualitative systematic review of the literature. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2007 Jul-Aug;32(4):330-8. doi: 10.1016/j.rapm.2007.02.010.
McDonnell JG, Curley G, Carney J, Benton A, Costello J, Maharaj CH, Laffey JG. The analgesic efficacy of transversus abdominis plane block after cesarean delivery: a randomized controlled trial. Anesth Analg. 2008 Jan;106(1):186-91, table of contents. doi: 10.1213/01.ane.0000290294.64090.f3.
McDonnell JG, Laffey JG. Transversus abdominis plane block. Anesth Analg. 2007 Sep;105(3):883. doi: 10.1213/01.ane.0000268542.45107.79. No abstract available.
McDonnell JG, O'Donnell BD, Farrell T, Gough N, Tuite D, Power C, Laffey JG. Transversus abdominis plane block: a cadaveric and radiological evaluation. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2007 Sep-Oct;32(5):399-404. doi: 10.1016/j.rapm.2007.03.011.
Mendez R, Eisenach JC, Kashtan K. Epidural clonidine analgesia after cesarean section. Anesthesiology. 1990 Nov;73(5):848-52. doi: 10.1097/00000542-199011000-00009.
Nikolajsen L, Sorensen HC, Jensen TS, Kehlet H. Chronic pain following Caesarean section. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 2004 Jan;48(1):111-6. doi: 10.1111/j.1399-6576.2004.00271.x.
Ohel I, Walfisch A, Shitenberg D, Sheiner E, Hallak M. A rise in pain threshold during labor: a prospective clinical trial. Pain. 2007 Nov;132 Suppl 1:S104-S108. doi: 10.1016/j.pain.2007.05.007. Epub 2007 Jun 20.
Pan PH, Coghill R, Houle TT, Seid MH, Lindel WM, Parker RL, Washburn SA, Harris L, Eisenach JC. Multifactorial preoperative predictors for postcesarean section pain and analgesic requirement. Anesthesiology. 2006 Mar;104(3):417-25. doi: 10.1097/00000542-200603000-00007.
Parker RK, Connelly NR, Lucas T, Serban S, Pristas R, Berman E, Gibson C. Epidural clonidine added to a bupivacaine infusion increases analgesic duration in labor without adverse maternal or fetal effects. J Anesth. 2007;21(2):142-7. doi: 10.1007/s00540-006-0476-8. Epub 2007 May 30.
Weissman-Fogel I, Granovsky Y, Crispel Y, Ben-Nun A, Best LA, Yarnitsky D, Granot M. Enhanced presurgical pain temporal summation response predicts post-thoracotomy pain intensity during the acute postoperative phase. J Pain. 2009 Jun;10(6):628-36. doi: 10.1016/j.jpain.2008.12.009. Epub 2009 Apr 23.
Yarnitsky D, Crispel Y, Eisenberg E, Granovsky Y, Ben-Nun A, Sprecher E, Best LA, Granot M. Prediction of chronic post-operative pain: pre-operative DNIC testing identifies patients at risk. Pain. 2008 Aug 15;138(1):22-28. doi: 10.1016/j.pain.2007.10.033. Epub 2008 Jan 8.
Other Identifiers
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36707
Identifier Type: -
Identifier Source: org_study_id