Trial Outcomes & Findings for Efficacy of Once-Weekly Exenatide Versus Once or Twice Daily Insulin Detemir in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes (NCT NCT01003184)

NCT ID: NCT01003184

Last Updated: 2015-04-07

Results Overview

The primary endpoint is the percentage of patients achieving HbA1c concentration ≤7.0% with weight loss (≥1.0 kg) at endpoint. The last post-baseline measurement set of both non-missing HbA1c concentration and weight (measured at the same time point, i.e. visit) is used as endpoint value. Patients who do not have a baseline weight measurement, have a protocol violation of baseline HbA1c \<=7.0%, and/or have missing post-baseline measurements for HbA1c concentration and/or weight, are included in the analysis as non-responders regarding the primary objective.

Recruitment status

COMPLETED

Study phase

PHASE3

Target enrollment

222 participants

Primary outcome timeframe

Baseline, Week 26

Results posted on

2015-04-07

Participant Flow

6 patients who were enrolled and randomized, subsequently discontinued the study before receiving study drug. These patients were not included in analysis.

Participant milestones

Participant milestones
Measure
Exenatide Once Weekly
Exenatide once weekly : subcutaneous injection, 2mg, once a week
Insulin Detemir
Insulin detemir : subcutaneous injection, with dosage titrated according to the detemir label and published titration schedule, once or twice a day
Overall Study
STARTED
111
111
Overall Study
Full Analysis Set (FAS)
111
105
Overall Study
COMPLETED
92
99
Overall Study
NOT COMPLETED
19
12

Reasons for withdrawal

Reasons for withdrawal
Measure
Exenatide Once Weekly
Exenatide once weekly : subcutaneous injection, 2mg, once a week
Insulin Detemir
Insulin detemir : subcutaneous injection, with dosage titrated according to the detemir label and published titration schedule, once or twice a day
Overall Study
Adverse Event
12
5
Overall Study
Lost to Follow-up
1
0
Overall Study
Loss of glucose control
1
1
Overall Study
Protocol Violation
3
0
Overall Study
Withdrawal by Subject
1
6
Overall Study
Physician Decision
1
0

Baseline Characteristics

Efficacy of Once-Weekly Exenatide Versus Once or Twice Daily Insulin Detemir in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes

Baseline characteristics by cohort

Baseline characteristics by cohort
Measure
Exenatide Once Weekly
n=111 Participants
Exenatide once weekly : subcutaneous injection, 2mg, once a week
Insulin Detemir
n=105 Participants
Insulin detemir : subcutaneous injection, with dosage titrated according to the detemir label and published titration schedule, once or twice a day
Total
n=216 Participants
Total of all reporting groups
Age, Categorical
<=18 years
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
Age, Categorical
Between 18 and 65 years
74 Participants
n=5 Participants
78 Participants
n=7 Participants
152 Participants
n=5 Participants
Age, Categorical
>=65 years
37 Participants
n=5 Participants
27 Participants
n=7 Participants
64 Participants
n=5 Participants
Age, Continuous
59.2 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 9.86 • n=5 Participants
57.8 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 9.48 • n=7 Participants
58.5 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 9.68 • n=5 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Female
40 Participants
n=5 Participants
33 Participants
n=7 Participants
73 Participants
n=5 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Male
71 Participants
n=5 Participants
72 Participants
n=7 Participants
143 Participants
n=5 Participants
HbA1c
8.4 Percentage of total hemoglobin
STANDARD_DEVIATION 0.85 • n=5 Participants
8.4 Percentage of total hemoglobin
STANDARD_DEVIATION 0.88 • n=7 Participants
8.4 Percentage of total hemoglobin
STANDARD_DEVIATION 0.86 • n=5 Participants
Weight
96.7 Kilograms
STANDARD_DEVIATION 17.03 • n=5 Participants
97.9 Kilograms
STANDARD_DEVIATION 15.82 • n=7 Participants
97.3 Kilograms
STANDARD_DEVIATION 16.42 • n=5 Participants

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline, Week 26

Population: The full analysis set (FAS) includes all data from all randomised patients receiving at least one dose of the study drug according to the treatment the patients were assigned.

The primary endpoint is the percentage of patients achieving HbA1c concentration ≤7.0% with weight loss (≥1.0 kg) at endpoint. The last post-baseline measurement set of both non-missing HbA1c concentration and weight (measured at the same time point, i.e. visit) is used as endpoint value. Patients who do not have a baseline weight measurement, have a protocol violation of baseline HbA1c \<=7.0%, and/or have missing post-baseline measurements for HbA1c concentration and/or weight, are included in the analysis as non-responders regarding the primary objective.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Exenatide Once Weekly
n=111 Participants
Exenatide once weekly : subcutaneous injection, 2mg, once a week
Insulin Detemir
n=105 Participants
Insulin detemir : subcutaneous injection, with dosage titrated according to the detemir label and published titration schedule, once or twice a day
Percentage of Patients Achieving Glycosylated Hemoglobin (HbA1c) Concentration ≤7.0% With Weight Loss (≥1.0 kg) at Endpoint (Week 26)
44.1 Percentage
Interval 34.7 to 53.9
11.4 Percentage
Interval 6.0 to 19.1

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline, Week 26

Population: The analysis was done for the FAS population (as randomised). For secondary analyses including both final HbA1c concentration and change in weight the last post-baseline measurement set of both non-missing HbA1c and weight was used as endpoint value.

Percentage of patients who have achieved HbA1c ≤7.4% with weight loss (≥1.0 kg) at endpoint (Week 26)

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Exenatide Once Weekly
n=107 Participants
Exenatide once weekly : subcutaneous injection, 2mg, once a week
Insulin Detemir
n=101 Participants
Insulin detemir : subcutaneous injection, with dosage titrated according to the detemir label and published titration schedule, once or twice a day
Percentage of Patients Who Have Achieved HbA1c ≤7.4% With Weight Loss (≥1.0 kg) at Endpoint (Week 26)
58.9 Percentage
Interval 49.0 to 68.3
17.8 Percentage
Interval 10.9 to 26.7

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline, Week 26

Population: The analysis was done for the FAS population (as randomised).

Change in HbA1c from baseline to week 26

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Exenatide Once Weekly
n=95 Participants
Exenatide once weekly : subcutaneous injection, 2mg, once a week
Insulin Detemir
n=96 Participants
Insulin detemir : subcutaneous injection, with dosage titrated according to the detemir label and published titration schedule, once or twice a day
Change in HbA1c From Baseline to Week 26
-1.32 Percentage of total hemoglobin
Standard Error 0.076
-0.91 Percentage of total hemoglobin
Standard Error 0.077

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline, Week 26

Population: The analysis was done for the FAS population (as randomised).

Change in body weight from baseline to week 26

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Exenatide Once Weekly
n=96 Participants
Exenatide once weekly : subcutaneous injection, 2mg, once a week
Insulin Detemir
n=98 Participants
Insulin detemir : subcutaneous injection, with dosage titrated according to the detemir label and published titration schedule, once or twice a day
Change in Body Weight From Baseline to Week 26
-2.79 kilograms
Standard Error 0.347
0.88 kilograms
Standard Error 0.351

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Week 26

Population: The analysis was done for the FAS population (as randomised). Patients with baseline HbA1c ≤7.0% and/or no post-baseline HbA1c measurement were regarded as non-responders.

Percentage of patients who have achieved HbA1c ≤.7.4% at endpoint

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Exenatide Once Weekly
n=111 Participants
Exenatide once weekly : subcutaneous injection, 2mg, once a week
Insulin Detemir
n=105 Participants
Insulin detemir : subcutaneous injection, with dosage titrated according to the detemir label and published titration schedule, once or twice a day
Percentage of Patients Achieving HbA1c ≤7.4% at Endpoint
66.7 Percentage
Interval 57.1 to 75.3
54.3 Percentage
Interval 44.3 to 64.0

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Week 26

Population: The analysis was done for the FAS population (as randomised). Patients with baseline HbA1c ≤7.0% and/or no post-baseline HbA1c measurement were regarded as non-responders.

Percentage of patients achieving ≤7.0% at endpoint.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Exenatide Once Weekly
n=111 Participants
Exenatide once weekly : subcutaneous injection, 2mg, once a week
Insulin Detemir
n=105 Participants
Insulin detemir : subcutaneous injection, with dosage titrated according to the detemir label and published titration schedule, once or twice a day
Percentage of Patients Achieving ≤7.0% at Endpoint
51.4 Percentage
Interval 41.7 to 61.0
34.3 Percentage
Interval 25.3 to 44.2

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Week 26

Population: The analysis was done for the FAS population (as randomised). Patients with baseline HbA1c ≤7.0% and/or no post-baseline HbA1c measurement were regarded as non-responders.

Percentage of patients achieving HbA1c ≤6.5% at endpoint

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Exenatide Once Weekly
n=111 Participants
Exenatide once weekly : subcutaneous injection, 2mg, once a week
Insulin Detemir
n=105 Participants
Insulin detemir : subcutaneous injection, with dosage titrated according to the detemir label and published titration schedule, once or twice a day
Percentage of Patients Achieving ≤6.5% at Endpoint
27.9 Percentage
Interval 19.8 to 37.2
7.6 Percentage
Interval 3.3 to 14.5

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline, Week 26

Population: The analysis was done for the FAS population (as randomised). The last observation carried forward (LOCF) of post baseline values was used for this analysis.

Change in fasting serum glucose from baseline to endpoint (Week 26).

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Exenatide Once Weekly
n=108 Participants
Exenatide once weekly : subcutaneous injection, 2mg, once a week
Insulin Detemir
n=104 Participants
Insulin detemir : subcutaneous injection, with dosage titrated according to the detemir label and published titration schedule, once or twice a day
Change in Fasting Serum Glucose From Baseline to Endpoint (Week 26).
-2.33 mmol/L
Standard Error 0.191
-2.43 mmol/L
Standard Error 0.196

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline, Week 26

Population: The analysis was done for the FAS population (as randomised).

Change in systolic blood pressure from baseline to Week 26

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Exenatide Once Weekly
n=95 Participants
Exenatide once weekly : subcutaneous injection, 2mg, once a week
Insulin Detemir
n=98 Participants
Insulin detemir : subcutaneous injection, with dosage titrated according to the detemir label and published titration schedule, once or twice a day
Changes in Systolic Blood Pressure From Baseline to Week 26
-7.37 mmHg
Standard Error 1.342
-2.65 mmHg
Standard Error 1.339

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline, Week 26

Population: The analysis was done for the FAS population (as randomised).

Change in diastolic blood pressure from baseline to week 26.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Exenatide Once Weekly
n=95 Participants
Exenatide once weekly : subcutaneous injection, 2mg, once a week
Insulin Detemir
n=98 Participants
Insulin detemir : subcutaneous injection, with dosage titrated according to the detemir label and published titration schedule, once or twice a day
Change in Diastolic Blood Pressure From Baseline to Week 26.
-0.79 mmHg
Standard Error 0.855 • Interval -1.79 to 0.56
-0.34 mmHg
Standard Error 0.859 • Interval -2.05 to 0.39

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline, Week 26

Population: The analysis was done for the FAS population (as randomised). The last observation carried forward (LOCF) of post baseline values was used for this analysis.

Change in total cholesterol from baseline to endpoint (week 26).

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Exenatide Once Weekly
n=105 Participants
Exenatide once weekly : subcutaneous injection, 2mg, once a week
Insulin Detemir
n=100 Participants
Insulin detemir : subcutaneous injection, with dosage titrated according to the detemir label and published titration schedule, once or twice a day
Change in Total Cholesterol From Baseline to Endpoint (Week 26).
-0.09 mmol/L
Standard Error 0.067 • Interval -0.22 to 0.04
0.06 mmol/L
Standard Error 0.068 • Interval -0.08 to 0.19

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline, Week 26

Population: The analysis was done for the FAS population (as randomised). The last observation carried forward (LOCF) of post baseline values was used for this analysis.

Change in High-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol from baseline to endpoint (week 26).

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Exenatide Once Weekly
n=105 Participants
Exenatide once weekly : subcutaneous injection, 2mg, once a week
Insulin Detemir
n=100 Participants
Insulin detemir : subcutaneous injection, with dosage titrated according to the detemir label and published titration schedule, once or twice a day
Change in High-density Lipoprotein (HDL) Cholesterol From Baseline to Endpoint (Week 26).
0.02 mmol/L
Standard Error 0.014 • Interval -0.01 to 0.05
0.04 mmol/L
Standard Error 0.015 • Interval 0.01 to 0.06

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline, Week 26

Population: The analysis was done for the FAS population (as randomised). The last observation carried forward (LOCF) of post baseline values was used for this analysis.

Change in triglycerides from baseline to endpoint (week 26).

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Exenatide Once Weekly
n=105 Participants
Exenatide once weekly : subcutaneous injection, 2mg, once a week
Insulin Detemir
n=100 Participants
Insulin detemir : subcutaneous injection, with dosage titrated according to the detemir label and published titration schedule, once or twice a day
Change in Triglycerides From Baseline to Endpoint (Week 26).
-0.01 mmol/L
Standard Error 0.079 • Interval -0.17 to 0.15
-0.08 mmol/L
Standard Error 0.081 • Interval -0.24 to 0.08

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline, Week 26

Population: Full analysis set (as randomized).

All confirmed hypoglycemia episodes defined as either minor (any time a patient feels that he or she is experiencing a sign or symptom associated with hypoglycaemia and blood glucose (BG) \<3.0 mmol/L (54 mg/dL)) or major (any hypoglycaemic episode with symptoms consistent with hypoglycaemia, resulting in loss of consciousness or seizure, and shows prompt recovery in response to administration of glucagon or glucose, or BG measurement \< 3.0mmol/L is available and the patient is not capable of self-treating were taken into account.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Exenatide Once Weekly
n=111 Participants
Exenatide once weekly : subcutaneous injection, 2mg, once a week
Insulin Detemir
n=105 Participants
Insulin detemir : subcutaneous injection, with dosage titrated according to the detemir label and published titration schedule, once or twice a day
Hypoglycemia Rate Per Year
0.06 events per subject-year
Interval 0.02 to 0.2
0.10 events per subject-year
Interval 0.03 to 0.3

Adverse Events

Exenatide Once Weekly

Serious events: 6 serious events
Other events: 87 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Insulin Detemir

Serious events: 6 serious events
Other events: 58 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Serious adverse events

Serious adverse events
Measure
Exenatide Once Weekly
n=111 participants at risk
Exenatide once weekly : subcutaneous injection, 2mg, once a week
Insulin Detemir
n=105 participants at risk
Insulin detemir : subcutaneous injection, with dosage titrated according to the detemir label and published titration schedule, once or twice a day
Cardiac disorders
Atrioventricular block second degree
0.90%
1/111
0.00%
0/105
Cardiac disorders
Ventricular extrasystoles
0.90%
1/111
0.00%
0/105
General disorders
Chest discomfort
0.90%
1/111
0.95%
1/105
General disorders
Chest pain
0.00%
0/111
1.9%
2/105
Infections and infestations
Pneumonia
0.00%
0/111
0.95%
1/105
Injury, poisoning and procedural complications
Joint sprain
0.90%
1/111
0.00%
0/105
Investigations
Blood amylase increased
0.90%
1/111
0.00%
0/105
Investigations
Lipase increased
0.90%
1/111
0.00%
0/105
Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
Bursitis
0.90%
1/111
0.00%
0/105
Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
Myositis
0.90%
1/111
0.00%
0/105
Neoplasms benign, malignant and unspecified (incl cysts and polyps)
Small cell lung cancer stage unspecified
0.00%
0/111
0.95%
1/105
Renal and urinary disorders
Renal injury
0.00%
0/111
0.95%
1/105
Metabolism and nutrition disorders
Hyperglycaemia
0.00%
0/111
0.95%
1/105

Other adverse events

Other adverse events
Measure
Exenatide Once Weekly
n=111 participants at risk
Exenatide once weekly : subcutaneous injection, 2mg, once a week
Insulin Detemir
n=105 participants at risk
Insulin detemir : subcutaneous injection, with dosage titrated according to the detemir label and published titration schedule, once or twice a day
Gastrointestinal disorders
Nausea
47.7%
53/111
11.4%
12/105
Gastrointestinal disorders
Diarrhoea
17.1%
19/111
10.5%
11/105
Gastrointestinal disorders
Vomiting
14.4%
16/111
8.6%
9/105
Gastrointestinal disorders
Constipation
9.0%
10/111
2.9%
3/105
Gastrointestinal disorders
Dyspepsia
6.3%
7/111
0.95%
1/105
General disorders
Injection site nodule
19.8%
22/111
0.00%
0/105
General disorders
Injection site pruritus
10.8%
12/111
0.95%
1/105
General disorders
Malaise
5.4%
6/111
1.9%
2/105
Infections and infestations
Nasopharyngitis
20.7%
23/111
29.5%
31/105
Infections and infestations
Lower respiratory tract infection
4.5%
5/111
5.7%
6/105
Infections and infestations
Influenza
1.8%
2/111
5.7%
6/105
Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
Back pain
8.1%
9/111
6.7%
7/105
Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
Musculoskeletal
6.3%
7/111
1.9%
2/105
Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
Pain in extremity
5.4%
6/111
2.9%
3/105
Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
Arthralgia
4.5%
5/111
5.7%
6/105
Nervous system disorders
Headache
20.7%
23/111
14.3%
15/105
Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
Cough
6.3%
7/111
8.6%
9/105
Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
Oropharyngeal pain
3.6%
4/111
7.6%
8/105

Additional Information

Peter Ohman, Medical Science Director

AstraZeneca

Results disclosure agreements

  • Principal investigator is a sponsor employee
  • Publication restrictions are in place