Mycotic Ulcer Treatment Trial I

NCT ID: NCT00996736

Last Updated: 2018-08-01

Basic Information

• Recruitment Status: COMPLETED
• Clinical Phase: PHASE3
• Total Enrollment: 323 participants
• Study Classification: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Start Date: 2010-04-30
• Study Completion Date: 2012-07-31

Brief Summary

The purpose of this study is to determine if natamycin or voriconazole results in better visual outcomes in fungal corneal ulcers, especially visual acuity.

Detailed Description

Fungal corneal ulcers tend to have very poor outcomes with commonly used treatments. There has only been a single randomized trial of anti-fungal therapy for mycotic keratitis, and no new ocular anti-fungal medications have been approved by the FDA since the 1960s. The triazole voriconazole has recently become the treatment of choice for systemic fungal infections such as pulmonary aspergillosis. The use of topical ophthalmic preparations of voriconazole has been described in numerous case reports, however there has been no systematic attempt to determine whether it is more or less clinically effective than natamycin. Additionally, there have been many case reports of the use of oral voriconazole in the treatment of fungal corneal ulcers, however there has been no systematic attempt to determine if it improves outcomes in severe ulcers.

This study is a randomized, double-masked, placebo-controlled trial to determine if the use natamycin or voriconazole results in better outcomes for fungal corneal ulcers. 368 fungal corneal ulcers with baseline visual acuity between 6/12 (20/40, logMAR 0.3) and 6/120 (20/400, logMAR 1.3) presenting to the Aravind Eye Hospitals and the UCSF Proctor Foundation will be randomized to receive either topical natamycin or topical voriconazole. The primary outcome is best spectacle-corrected logMAR visual acuity three months after enrollment, using best spectacle-corrected enrollment visual acuity as a co-variate.

Conditions

Corneal Ulcer; Eye Infections, Fungal

Study Design

• Allocation Method: RANDOMIZED
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Primary Study Purpose: TREATMENT
• Blinding Strategy: QUADRUPLE

Study Groups

Topical Natamycin

Group Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Natamycin

Intervention Type: DRUG

5% natamycin plus 0.02% preservative, one drop to the affected eye every one hour while awake for 1 week, then every 2 hours while awake until 3 weeks after enrollment.

Topical Voriconazole

Group Type: EXPERIMENTAL

Voriconazole

Intervention Type: DRUG

1% voriconazole plus 0.01% preservative, 1 drop applied to the affected eye every one hour while awake for 1 week, then every 2 hours while awake until three weeks after enrollment.

Interventions

Natamycin

5% natamycin plus 0.02% preservative, one drop to the affected eye every one hour while awake for 1 week, then every 2 hours while awake until 3 weeks after enrollment.

Intervention Type: DRUG

Voriconazole

1% voriconazole plus 0.01% preservative, 1 drop applied to the affected eye every one hour while awake for 1 week, then every 2 hours while awake until three weeks after enrollment.

Intervention Type: DRUG

Eligibility Criteria

Inclusion Criteria

• Presence of a corneal ulcer at presentation
• Evidence of filamentous fungus on smear (KOH wet mount, Giemsa, or Gram stain)
• Visual acuity between 6/12 (20/40, logMAR 0.3) and 6/120 (20/400, logMAR 1.3)
• The patient must be able to verbalize a basic understanding of the study after it is explained to the patient, as determined by physician examiner. This understanding must include a commitment to return for follow-up visits.
• Willingness to be treated as an inpatient or to be treated as an outpatient and return every 3 days +/- 1 day until re-epithelialization and every week to receive fresh medication for 3 weeks
• Appropriate consent

Exclusion Criteria

• Impending perforation
• Evidence of bacteria on Gram stain at the time of enrollment
• Evidence of acanthamoeba by stain
• Evidence of herpetic keratitis by history or exam
• Corneal scar not easily distinguishable from current ulcer
• Age less than 16 years (before 16th birthday)
• Bilateral ulcers
• Previous penetrating keratoplasty in the affected eye
• Pregnancy (by history or urine test) or breast feeding (by history)
• Acuity worse than 6/60 (2/200) in the fellow eye (note that any acuity, uncorrected, corrected, pinhole, or BSCVA 6/60 or better qualifies for enrollment)
• Acuity worse than 6/120 (20/400) or better than 6/12 (20/40) in the study eye (note that any acuity, uncorrected, corrected, pinhole, or BSCVA can be used for enrollment)
• Known allergy to study medications (antifungal or preservative)
• No light perception in the affected eye
• Not willing to participate

• Minimum Eligible Age: 16 Years
• Eligible Sex: ALL
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Sponsors

Aravind Eye Hospitals, India

OTHER

Sponsor Role: collaborator

Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center

OTHER

Sponsor Role: collaborator

National Eye Institute (NEI)

NIH

Sponsor Role: collaborator

University of California, San Francisco

OTHER

Sponsor Role: lead

Responsible Party

Thomas M. Lietman

Professor in Residence

Responsibility Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Principal Investigators

NV Prajna, DNB, FRC Ophth

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Aravind Eye Hospitals

Nisha Acharya, MD, MS

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Proctor Foundation, UCSF

Tom Lietman, MD

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Proctor Foundation, UCSF

Locations

Proctor Foundation, UCSF

San Francisco, California, United States

Aravind Eye Hospitals

Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India

Aravind Eye Hospital

Pondicherry, Tamil Nadu, India

Countries

United States; India

References

Prajna NV, Krishnan T, Mascarenhas J, Rajaraman R, Prajna L, Srinivasan M, Raghavan A, Oldenburg CE, Ray KJ, Zegans ME, McLeod SD, Porco TC, Acharya NR, Lietman TM; Mycotic Ulcer Treatment Trial Group. The mycotic ulcer treatment trial: a randomized trial comparing natamycin vs voriconazole. JAMA Ophthalmol. 2013 Apr;131(4):422-9. doi: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2013.1497.

Reference Type: BACKGROUND

PMID: 23710492 (View on PubMed)

Prajna NV, Lalitha P, Krishnan T, Rajaraman R, Radnakrishnan N, Srinivasan M, Devi L, Das M, Liu Z, Zegans ME, Acharya NR, Porco TC, Lietman TM, Rose-Nussbaumer J. Patterns of Antifungal Resistance in Adult Patients With Fungal Keratitis in South India: A Post Hoc Analysis of 3 Randomized Clinical Trials. JAMA Ophthalmol. 2022 Feb 1;140(2):179-184. doi: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2021.5765.

Reference Type: DERIVED

PMID: 35024776 (View on PubMed)

Prajna NV, Krishnan T, Rajaraman R, Patel S, Shah R, Srinivasan M, Das M, Ray KJ, Oldenburg CE, McLeod SD, Zegans ME, Acharya NR, Lietman TM, Rose-Nussbaumer J; Mycotic Ulcer Treatment Trial Group. Predictors of Corneal Perforation or Need for Therapeutic Keratoplasty in Severe Fungal Keratitis: A Secondary Analysis of the Mycotic Ulcer Treatment Trial II. JAMA Ophthalmol. 2017 Sep 1;135(9):987-991. doi: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2017.2914.

Reference Type: DERIVED

PMID: 28817744 (View on PubMed)

Prajna NV, Krishnan T, Rajaraman R, Patel S, Shah R, Srinivasan M, Devi L, Das M, Ray KJ, O'Brien KS, Oldenburg CE, McLeod SD, Zegans ME, Acharya NR, Lietman TM, Rose-Nussbaumer J; Mycotic Ulcer Treatment Trial Group. Adjunctive Oral Voriconazole Treatment of Fusarium Keratitis: A Secondary Analysis From the Mycotic Ulcer Treatment Trial II. JAMA Ophthalmol. 2017 Jun 1;135(6):520-525. doi: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2017.0616.

Reference Type: DERIVED

PMID: 28426856 (View on PubMed)

Prajna NV, Krishnan T, Rajaraman R, Patel S, Srinivasan M, Das M, Ray KJ, O'Brien KS, Oldenburg CE, McLeod SD, Zegans ME, Porco TC, Acharya NR, Lietman TM, Rose-Nussbaumer J; Mycotic Ulcer Treatment Trial II Group. Effect of Oral Voriconazole on Fungal Keratitis in the Mycotic Ulcer Treatment Trial II (MUTT II): A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Ophthalmol. 2016 Dec 1;134(12):1365-1372. doi: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2016.4096.

Reference Type: DERIVED

PMID: 27787540 (View on PubMed)

Prajna NV, Lalitha P, Rajaraman R, Krishnan T, Raghavan A, Srinivasan M, O'Brien KS, Zegans M, McLeod SD, Acharya NR, Keenan JD, Lietman TM, Rose-Nussbaumer J; Mycotic Ulcer Treatment Trial Group. Changing Azole Resistance: A Secondary Analysis of the MUTT I Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Ophthalmol. 2016 Jun 1;134(6):693-6. doi: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2016.0530.

Reference Type: DERIVED

PMID: 27054515 (View on PubMed)

Rose-Nussbaumer J, Prajna NV, Krishnan T, Mascarenhas J, Rajaraman R, Srinivasan M, Raghavan A, Oldenburg CE, O'Brien KS, Ray KJ, Porco TC, McLeod SD, Acharya NR, Keenan JD, Lietman TM; Mycotic Ulcer Treatment Trial Group. Risk factors for low vision related functioning in the Mycotic Ulcer Treatment Trial: a randomised trial comparing natamycin with voriconazole. Br J Ophthalmol. 2016 Jul;100(7):929-932. doi: 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2015-306828. Epub 2015 Nov 3.

Reference Type: DERIVED

PMID: 26531051 (View on PubMed)

Rose-Nussbaumer J, Prajna NV, Krishnan KT, Mascarenhas J, Rajaraman R, Srinivasan M, Raghavan A, Oldenburg CE, O'Brien KS, Ray KJ, McLeod SD, Porco TC, Lietman TM, Acharya NR, Keenan JD; Mycotic Ulcer Treatment Trial I Group. Vision-Related Quality-of-Life Outcomes in the Mycotic Ulcer Treatment Trial I: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Ophthalmol. 2015 Jun;133(6):642-6. doi: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2015.0319.

Reference Type: DERIVED

PMID: 25764482 (View on PubMed)

Sun CQ, Prajna NV, Krishnan T, Mascarenhas J, Rajaraman R, Srinivasan M, Raghavan A, O'Brien KS, Ray KJ, McLeod SD, Porco TC, Acharya NR, Lietman TM. Expert prior elicitation and Bayesian analysis of the Mycotic Ulcer Treatment Trial I. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2013 Jun 14;54(6):4167-73. doi: 10.1167/iovs.13-11716.

Reference Type: DERIVED

PMID: 23702779 (View on PubMed)

Other Identifiers

U10EY018573-01A1

Identifier Type: NIH

Identifier Source: secondary_id

View Link

H9332-33965-02

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id