Sensitivity to Intravenous Nicotine: Genetic Moderators

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

COMPLETED

Clinical Phase

PHASE1

Total Enrollment

213 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2009-06-02

Study Completion Date

2016-06-01

Brief Summary

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To determine if the mu opioid receptor gene (OPRM1) A118G polymorphism moderates the subjective-rewarding effects of intravenous (IV) nicotine in male and female smokers. The subjective effects of nicotine will be measured with a Drug Effects Questionnaire, including the ratings of "good effects" and "drug liking". We hypothesize that smokers with the AG/GG genotype for the OPRM1 A118G will have attenuated subjective-rewarding effects from IV nicotine when compared to those with AA genotype.

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Detailed Description

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Increasing evidence suggest that MOR contribute to nicotine's rewarding effect. Further, the functional OPRM1 A118G variant has been linked to rewarding effects of alcohol in alcohol users and to nicotine in female smokers. Since no previous studies examined the influence of the A118G variation on pure nicotine responses, the next logical step is to evaluate how this genetic polymorphism affects nicotine's rewarding, cognitive, and physiological effects using IV nicotine administration in male and female smokers. In addition, the association of the G398A polymorphism of the CHRNA5 gene (rs16969968) with maximal response to nicotinic agonists justifies examination of this SNP as a moderator of IV nicotine sensitivity in humans (Bierut et al. 2008). This SNP will be examined in an exploratory fashion since it is not feasible to fully stratify the study sample for multiple SNPs. The frequency of rs16969968 SNP ranges from 35%-42% among those of European ancestry, making it feasible to examine this variation in our subject sample.

Currently this study is active and enrollment is continuing. Currently there are 205 completers and on going.(June 2014)

Conditions

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Nicotine Dependence

Study Design

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Allocation Method

RANDOMIZED

Intervention Model

CROSSOVER

Primary Study Purpose

HEALTH_SERVICES_RESEARCH

Blinding Strategy

SINGLE

Participants

Study Groups

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Nicotine

Intravenous Nicotine

Group Type ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Nicotine

Intervention Type DRUG

Intravenous nicotine

Saline

Saline infusion

Group Type PLACEBO_COMPARATOR

saline

Intervention Type DRUG

intravenous saline

Interventions

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saline

intravenous saline

Intervention Type DRUG

Nicotine

Intravenous nicotine

Intervention Type DRUG

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

* Female and male smokers, aged 18 to 50 years;
* History of smoking daily for the past 12 months, 10-25 cigarettes daily;
* Not seeking treatment at the time of the study for nicotine dependence;
* Have a FTND score of at least 5 and CO level \> 10ppm;
* In good health as verified by medical history, screening examination, and screening laboratory tests;
* For women, not pregnant as determined by pregnancy screening, nor breast feeding, and using acceptable birth control methods.

Exclusion Criteria

* History of major medical illnesses that the physician investigator deems as contraindicated for the patient to be in the study;
* Regular use of psychotropic medication (antidepressants, antipsychotics, or anxiolytics) and recent psychiatric diagnosis and treatment for Axis I disorders including major depression, bipolar affective disorder, schizophrenia or panic disorder;
* Abuse of alcohol or any other recreational or prescription drugs.

Minimum Eligible Age

18 Years

Maximum Eligible Age

50 Years

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes