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Cytokine-Associated Depression and Social Pain

NCT ID: NCT00949845

Last Updated: 2009-07-30

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

COMPLETED

Clinical Phase

EARLY_PHASE1

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2007-01-31

Brief Summary

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Recent research has demonstrated a relationship between depression and immune system activity, specifically proinflammatory cytokine activity. Although experimentally-induced immune activation leads to increases in depressed mood, the neural correlates associated with these changes have remained largely unexplored. Based on relationships between cytokine activity, depression, and heightened physical and social pain sensitivity, I propose to investigate the effect of proinflammatory cytokine activation on the neural correlates of socially painful experience that may contribute to depression. Our previous work has shown that the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC), typically associated with physical pain distress, also plays a role in the distressing feelings associated with social rejection or social loss. Moreover, recent pilot data has revealed that individuals with elevated levels of baseline proinflammatory cytokines report feeling more distressed and show more dACC activity during social rejection. To investigate the causal role that cytokines may play in the heightened social pain sensitivity that can contribute to depression, participants will be randomly assigned to receive either endotoxin (which increases proinflammatory cytokine activity) or placebo. Subsequently, participants will complete a neuroimaging study in which they will be rejected during an online ball-tossing game. We hypothesize that individuals exposed to endotoxin will report more social distress and depression following rejection and will show more dACC reactivity during rejection. The proposed study is the first to investigate the effect of systemic inflammation on neural reactivity related to social and affective processes that may increase the risk of depression.

Detailed Description

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Conditions

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Depression

Keywords

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Effect of Inflammatory challenge on depressed mood Effect of inflammatory challenge on social pain

Study Design

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Primary Study Purpose

BASIC_SCIENCE

Interventions

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Endotoxin

Intervention Type DRUG

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

* right-handed

Exclusion Criteria

* 1\) BMI greater than 30,
* 2\) presence of physical health problems or medication use,
* 3\) evidence of an Axis I psychiatric disorder based on the SCID assessment,
* 4\) evidence of recreational drug use from a positive urine test,
* 5\) positive pregnancy test, if female,
* 6\) abnormalities on screening laboratory tests (blood cell count, liver function),
* 7\) claustrophobia,
* 8\) metal in body,
* 9\) history of allergies, autoimmune, liver, or other severe chronic diseases,
* 10\) current use of prescription medications,
* 11\) nightshift work or time zone shifts (\> 3hrs) within the previous 6 weeks.
Minimum Eligible Age

18 Years

Maximum Eligible Age

45 Years

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Sponsors

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University of California, Los Angeles

OTHER

Sponsor Role lead

Principal Investigators

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Naomi I Eisenberger, Ph.D.

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

University of California, Los Angeles

Locations

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UCLA General Clinical Research Center

Los Angeles, California, United States

Site Status

Countries

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United States

References

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Eisenberger NI, Inagaki TK, Rameson LT, Mashal NM, Irwin MR. An fMRI study of cytokine-induced depressed mood and social pain: the role of sex differences. Neuroimage. 2009 Sep;47(3):881-90. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2009.04.040. Epub 2009 Apr 17.

Reference Type RESULT
PMID: 19376240 (View on PubMed)

Eisenberger NI, Berkman ET, Inagaki TK, Rameson LT, Mashal NM, Irwin MR. Inflammation-induced anhedonia: endotoxin reduces ventral striatum responses to reward. Biol Psychiatry. 2010 Oct 15;68(8):748-54. doi: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2010.06.010. Epub 2010 Aug 16.

Reference Type DERIVED
PMID: 20719303 (View on PubMed)

Other Identifiers

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Endotoxin

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id