Determining a Viral Load Threshold for Treating Cytomegalovirus (CMV)

NCT ID: NCT00947141

Last Updated: 2017-10-27

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

Get a concise snapshot of the trial, including recruitment status, study phase, enrollment targets, and key timeline milestones.

Recruitment Status

COMPLETED

Clinical Phase

PHASE4

Total Enrollment

165 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2003-02-28

Study Completion Date

2013-02-28

Brief Summary

Review the sponsor-provided synopsis that highlights what the study is about and why it is being conducted.

This study aims to determine: a) whether those patients with 'low level' viral load results (between 200 and 3,000 copies/ml) could be monitored as opposed to starting preemptive therapy with valganciclovir, ganciclovir and/or foscarnet; b) whether those patients with 'high level' viral load results (above 3,000 copies/ml) could stop preemptive therapy earlier, thus maximising the benefits of therapy and minimising its risks.

Detailed Description

Dive into the extended narrative that explains the scientific background, objectives, and procedures in greater depth.

Background and Study Rationale

In transplant recipients with CMV infection, the risk of developing CMV disease is directly proportional to the CMV DNA viral load. Historically at The Royal Free, Hampstead, patients were given preemptive therapy on the basis of two consecutive positive CMV PCR results as detected by a qualitative PCR technique. With the introduction of real time PCR, using a Taqman probe and the ABI7700 thermal cycler, it is possible to obtain rapid and sensitive results of viral load on clinical samples with a lower limit of detection of 200 copies/ml. Thus, viral load data can be incorporated into the clinical management of the patient.

From our natural history data, it has been shown that patients with CMV disease had a CMV PCR load ranging from 14,000 to 203 million (median 175,500). The lower bound of the 95% confidence limits of this distribution was 37,000 copies/ml and we aimed to initiate therapy in time to prevent CMV viral load reaching this value. To give a margin of safety, bearing in mind the 1 day average doubling-time of CMV and the timing of sampling twice-weekly, we therefore recommended that preemptive therapy be given once the viral load increases above 3,000 copies/ml. In the past, all patients with a CMV PCR load between 200 and 3,000 copies/ml have received preemptive treatment because the previous PCR assay did not give a quantitative result. As treatment is associated with side effects such as neutropaenia (ganciclovir) and renal impairment (foscarnet) it would be preferable to avoid unnecessary exposure where possible. This study aims to determine: a) whether those patients with 'low level' viral load results (between 200 and 3,000 copies/ml) could be monitored as opposed to starting preemptive therapy with valganciclovir, ganciclovir and/or foscarnet; b) whether those patients with 'high level' viral load results (above 3,000 copies/ml) could stop preemptive therapy earlier, thus maximising the benefits of therapy and minimising its risks.

Objectives

Primary Objectives

1. To define the number of patients in Group A with a low level of CMV reactivation who subsequently develop a viral load greater than 3000 copies/ml.
2. To define the number of patients in Group B who develop a second episode of a viral load above 3000 copies/ml after therapy has been discontinued at the defined viral load cut-offs.

Secondary Objectives

1. To define the duration of antiviral therapy needed to treat CMV viraemia.
2. To record the rate of increase in viral load prior to starting preemptive therapy.
3. To correlate viral loads with CMV specific immune function.

Conditions

See the medical conditions and disease areas that this research is targeting or investigating.

Viraemia

Keywords

Explore important study keywords that can help with search, categorization, and topic discovery.

Optimising treatment of cytomegalovirus infection

Study Design

Understand how the trial is structured, including allocation methods, masking strategies, primary purpose, and other design elements.

Allocation Method

RANDOMIZED

Intervention Model

PARALLEL

Primary Study Purpose

TREATMENT

Blinding Strategy

NONE

Study Groups

Review each arm or cohort in the study, along with the interventions and objectives associated with them.

Group A

Group A: (low level infection) has 2 arms:

1. Start treatment when 2 consecutive levels CMV PCR \>200copies / ml
2. Monitor (Treatment starts when CMV PCR \>3,000 copies / ml (current site clinical protocol))

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

ganciclovir (start when CMV PCR >200copies / ml x2)

Intervention Type DRUG

Group A: Start ganciclovir when CMV PCR \>200copies / ml x 2) . Participants are randomised to either Monitor or Treat. If monitored, treatment will only begin if viral load has increased \> 3,000. If treated (and monitored) treat until \<200 copies on 2 consecutive occasions.

Routine standard of care would include treatment of Valganciclovir 900mg Tablet BD (dose adjusted for renal impairment), Ganciclovir 5mg/kg BD IV, or Foscarnet 60mg/kg according to randomisation within Group A or Group B

Monitor (Treatment starts when CMV PCR >3,000 copies / ml)

Intervention Type OTHER

Group A: CMV viral load between 200-3,000 copies/ml (on 2 occasions). Participants are randomised to either Monitor or Treat. If monitored, treatment will only begin if viral load has increased \> 3,000. If treated (and monitored) treat until \<200 copies on 2 consecutive occasions.

Routine standard of care would include treatment of Valganciclovir 900mg Tablet BD (dose adjusted for renal impairment), Ganciclovir 5mg/kg BD IV, or Foscarnet 60mg/kg according to randomisation within Group A or Group B

Group B

Group B: (patients receiving pre-emptive therapy) has 2 arms:

1. Stop treatment when 2 levels CMV PCR \<3,000 copies / ml
2. Monitor (Treatment stops when there are 2 consecutive levels of CMV PCR \<200 copies / ml (current site clinical protocol))

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Stop treatment when 2 levels CMV PCR <3,000 copies / ml

Intervention Type DRUG

Group B: Viral load \> 3,000 copies/ml. Participants are randomised to treat until \< 3,000 copies/ml on 2 occasions or treat until \<200 copies/ml on 2 consecutive occasions.

Routine standard of care would include treatment of Valganciclovir 900mg Tablet BD (dose adjusted for renal impairment), Ganciclovir 5mg/kg BD IV, or Foscarnet 60mg/kg according to randomisation within Group A or Group B

Monitor (Treatment stops CMV PCR <200 copies / ml x2)

Intervention Type OTHER

Group B: Viral load \> 3,000 copies/ml. Participants are randomised to treat until \< 3,000 copies/ml on 2 occasions or treat until \<200 copies/ml on 2 consecutive occasions.

Routine standard of care would include treatment of Valganciclovir 900mg Tablet BD (dose adjusted for renal impairment), Ganciclovir 5mg/kg BD IV, or Foscarnet 60mg/kg according to randomisation within Group A or Group B

Interventions

Learn about the drugs, procedures, or behavioral strategies being tested and how they are applied within this trial.

ganciclovir (start when CMV PCR >200copies / ml x2)

Group A: Start ganciclovir when CMV PCR \>200copies / ml x 2) . Participants are randomised to either Monitor or Treat. If monitored, treatment will only begin if viral load has increased \> 3,000. If treated (and monitored) treat until \<200 copies on 2 consecutive occasions.

Routine standard of care would include treatment of Valganciclovir 900mg Tablet BD (dose adjusted for renal impairment), Ganciclovir 5mg/kg BD IV, or Foscarnet 60mg/kg according to randomisation within Group A or Group B

Intervention Type DRUG

Monitor (Treatment starts when CMV PCR >3,000 copies / ml)

Group A: CMV viral load between 200-3,000 copies/ml (on 2 occasions). Participants are randomised to either Monitor or Treat. If monitored, treatment will only begin if viral load has increased \> 3,000. If treated (and monitored) treat until \<200 copies on 2 consecutive occasions.

Routine standard of care would include treatment of Valganciclovir 900mg Tablet BD (dose adjusted for renal impairment), Ganciclovir 5mg/kg BD IV, or Foscarnet 60mg/kg according to randomisation within Group A or Group B

Intervention Type OTHER

Stop treatment when 2 levels CMV PCR <3,000 copies / ml

Group B: Viral load \> 3,000 copies/ml. Participants are randomised to treat until \< 3,000 copies/ml on 2 occasions or treat until \<200 copies/ml on 2 consecutive occasions.

Routine standard of care would include treatment of Valganciclovir 900mg Tablet BD (dose adjusted for renal impairment), Ganciclovir 5mg/kg BD IV, or Foscarnet 60mg/kg according to randomisation within Group A or Group B

Intervention Type DRUG

Monitor (Treatment stops CMV PCR <200 copies / ml x2)

Group B: Viral load \> 3,000 copies/ml. Participants are randomised to treat until \< 3,000 copies/ml on 2 occasions or treat until \<200 copies/ml on 2 consecutive occasions.

Routine standard of care would include treatment of Valganciclovir 900mg Tablet BD (dose adjusted for renal impairment), Ganciclovir 5mg/kg BD IV, or Foscarnet 60mg/kg according to randomisation within Group A or Group B

Intervention Type OTHER

Other Intervention Names

Discover alternative or legacy names that may be used to describe the listed interventions across different sources.

valganciclovir foscarnet valganciclovir foscarnet valganciclovir foscarnet valganciclovir foscarnet

Eligibility Criteria

Check the participation requirements, including inclusion and exclusion rules, age limits, and whether healthy volunteers are accepted.

Inclusion Criteria

1. All Stem Cell, Renal and Liver Transplant recipients.
2. Willing to give informed consent.
3. For Group A) All patients with CMV viraemia (between 200 and 3000 copies/ml) in the liver, renal and stem cell groups in two consecutive samples \& for Group B) Those patients requiring pre-emptive therapy because viral load is \> 3,000 copies/ml.
4. All patients in either section of the study must be available for CMV PCR monitoring at least twice per week.

Exclusion Criteria

2. Profound neutropaenia considered to preclude administration of ganciclovir or profound renal failure considered to preclude administration of foscarnet.
3. Inability to give informed consent.
4. In the stem cell group, Donor negative, Recipient negative transplants.
5. In the stem cell group: matched unrelated donors who are CMV seronegative.
6. Those patients who have been in Group A cannot then enter the Group B part. of the study. 5.2.6 Those patients who have been in Group B cannot then enter the Group A part of the study.
Minimum Eligible Age

18 Years

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Sponsors

Meet the organizations funding or collaborating on the study and learn about their roles.

University College, London

OTHER

Sponsor Role lead

Responsible Party

Identify the individual or organization who holds primary responsibility for the study information submitted to regulators.

Responsibility Role SPONSOR

Principal Investigators

Learn about the lead researchers overseeing the trial and their institutional affiliations.

Professor Paul D Griffiths, MD DSc

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

University College, London

Locations

Explore where the study is taking place and check the recruitment status at each participating site.

Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, Royal Free Hospital, Pond Street

London, , United Kingdom

Site Status

Countries

Review the countries where the study has at least one active or historical site.

United Kingdom

References

Explore related publications, articles, or registry entries linked to this study.

Vernooij RW, Michael M, Colombijn JM, Owers DS, Webster AC, Strippoli GF, Hodson EM. Pre-emptive treatment for cytomegalovirus viraemia to prevent cytomegalovirus disease in solid organ transplant recipients. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2025 Jan 14;1(1):CD005133. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD005133.pub4.

Reference Type DERIVED
PMID: 39807668 (View on PubMed)

Vernooij RW, Michael M, Ladhani M, Webster AC, Strippoli GF, Craig JC, Hodson EM. Antiviral medications for preventing cytomegalovirus disease in solid organ transplant recipients. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2024 May 3;5(5):CD003774. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD003774.pub5.

Reference Type DERIVED
PMID: 38700045 (View on PubMed)

Other Identifiers

Review additional registry numbers or institutional identifiers associated with this trial.

REC # 6077

Identifier Type: OTHER

Identifier Source: secondary_id

Royal Free R and D # 5219

Identifier Type: OTHER

Identifier Source: secondary_id

ISRCTN03307563

Identifier Type: OTHER

Identifier Source: secondary_id

6077

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id