Trial Outcomes & Findings for Surgical Ablation Versus No Surgical Ablation for Patients With Atrial Fibrillation Undergoing Mitral Valve Surgery (NCT NCT00903370)

NCT ID: NCT00903370

Last Updated: 2017-02-06

Results Overview

Recruitment status

COMPLETED

Study phase

PHASE2

Target enrollment

260 participants

Primary outcome timeframe

Measured at Month 12

Results posted on

2017-02-06

Participant Flow

Participant milestones

Participant milestones
Measure
MVS Alone
Participants will undergo mitral valve surgery with ligation/excision of left atrial appendage. MVS alone: All participants will have their left atrial appendage excised or excluded. For mitral regurgitation, the procedures will be a valve repair in the majority of cases. For valves that are not amenable to repair, and for most cases of mitral stenosis, a valve replacement will be performed.
MVS + Ablation
Participants will undergo mitral valve surgery with ligation/excision of left atrial appendage plus surgical ablation with pulmonary vein isolation or biatrial lesion set. MVS + ablation: For participants treated by pulmonary vein isolation, two separate encircling lesions will be made around the left and right pulmonary veins. For participants treated with biatrial maze lesion set, the left atrial lesions will include the two encircling lesions, as well as connecting lesions between to the pulmonary veins, from the pulmonary veins to the mitral valve annulus, and from the pulmonary veins to the left atrial appendage. The right pulmonary veins will be isolated first. Isolation will be confirmed by pacing the pulmonary veins at the previously identified threshold for capture. If no atrial capture noted, it will be inferred that the right pulmonary veins were isolated. If atrial capture noted, additional ablations on the atrial cuff will be performed until isolation is confirmed.
Overall Study
STARTED
127
133
Overall Study
COMPLETED
99
109
Overall Study
NOT COMPLETED
28
24

Reasons for withdrawal

Reasons for withdrawal
Measure
MVS Alone
Participants will undergo mitral valve surgery with ligation/excision of left atrial appendage. MVS alone: All participants will have their left atrial appendage excised or excluded. For mitral regurgitation, the procedures will be a valve repair in the majority of cases. For valves that are not amenable to repair, and for most cases of mitral stenosis, a valve replacement will be performed.
MVS + Ablation
Participants will undergo mitral valve surgery with ligation/excision of left atrial appendage plus surgical ablation with pulmonary vein isolation or biatrial lesion set. MVS + ablation: For participants treated by pulmonary vein isolation, two separate encircling lesions will be made around the left and right pulmonary veins. For participants treated with biatrial maze lesion set, the left atrial lesions will include the two encircling lesions, as well as connecting lesions between to the pulmonary veins, from the pulmonary veins to the mitral valve annulus, and from the pulmonary veins to the left atrial appendage. The right pulmonary veins will be isolated first. Isolation will be confirmed by pacing the pulmonary veins at the previously identified threshold for capture. If no atrial capture noted, it will be inferred that the right pulmonary veins were isolated. If atrial capture noted, additional ablations on the atrial cuff will be performed until isolation is confirmed.
Overall Study
Death
13
10
Overall Study
Withdrawal by Subject
9
6
Overall Study
Lost to Follow-up
6
8

Baseline Characteristics

Surgical Ablation Versus No Surgical Ablation for Patients With Atrial Fibrillation Undergoing Mitral Valve Surgery

Baseline characteristics by cohort

Baseline characteristics by cohort
Measure
MVS Alone
n=127 Participants
Participants will undergo mitral valve surgery with ligation/excision of left atrial appendage. MVS alone: All participants will have their left atrial appendage excised or excluded. For mitral regurgitation, the procedures will be a valve repair in the majority of cases. For valves that are not amenable to repair, and for most cases of mitral stenosis, a valve replacement will be performed.
MVS + Ablation
n=133 Participants
Participants will undergo mitral valve surgery with ligation/excision of left atrial appendage plus surgical ablation with pulmonary vein isolation or biatrial lesion set. MVS + ablation: For participants treated by pulmonary vein isolation, two separate encircling lesions will be made around the left and right pulmonary veins. For participants treated with biatrial maze lesion set, the left atrial lesions will include the two encircling lesions, as well as connecting lesions between to the pulmonary veins, from the pulmonary veins to the mitral valve annulus, and from the pulmonary veins to the left atrial appendage. The right pulmonary veins will be isolated first. Isolation will be confirmed by pacing the pulmonary veins at the previously identified threshold for capture. If no atrial capture noted, it will be inferred that the right pulmonary veins were isolated. If atrial capture noted, additional ablations on the atrial cuff will be performed until isolation is confirmed.
Total
n=260 Participants
Total of all reporting groups
Age, Continuous
69.4 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 10 • n=5 Participants
69.7 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 10.4 • n=7 Participants
69.6 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 10.2 • n=5 Participants
Gender
Female
63 Participants
n=5 Participants
57 Participants
n=7 Participants
120 Participants
n=5 Participants
Gender
Male
64 Participants
n=5 Participants
76 Participants
n=7 Participants
140 Participants
n=5 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Hispanic or Latino
8 Participants
n=5 Participants
10 Participants
n=7 Participants
18 Participants
n=5 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Not Hispanic or Latino
119 Participants
n=5 Participants
123 Participants
n=7 Participants
242 Participants
n=5 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Unknown or Not Reported
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
American Indian or Alaska Native
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Asian
3 Participants
n=5 Participants
2 Participants
n=7 Participants
5 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Black or African American
12 Participants
n=5 Participants
15 Participants
n=7 Participants
27 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
White
112 Participants
n=5 Participants
116 Participants
n=7 Participants
228 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
More than one race
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Unknown or Not Reported
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
Region of Enrollment
Canada
21 participants
n=5 Participants
22 participants
n=7 Participants
43 participants
n=5 Participants
Region of Enrollment
United States
106 participants
n=5 Participants
111 participants
n=7 Participants
217 participants
n=5 Participants

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Measured at Month 12

Population: Since the primary analysis is an intent-to-treat, outcomes were imputed for patients with missing data.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
MVS Alone
n=127 Participants
Participants will undergo mitral valve surgery with ligation/excision of left atrial appendage. MVS alone: All participants will have their left atrial appendage excised or excluded. For mitral regurgitation, the procedures will be a valve repair in the majority of cases. For valves that are not amenable to repair, and for most cases of mitral stenosis, a valve replacement will be performed.
MVS + Ablation
n=133 Participants
Participants will undergo mitral valve surgery with ligation/excision of left atrial appendage plus surgical ablation with pulmonary vein isolation or biatrial lesion set. MVS + ablation: For participants treated by pulmonary vein isolation, two separate encircling lesions will be made around the left and right pulmonary veins. For participants treated with biatrial maze lesion set, the left atrial lesions will include the two encircling lesions, as well as connecting lesions between to the pulmonary veins, from the pulmonary veins to the mitral valve annulus, and from the pulmonary veins to the left atrial appendage. The right pulmonary veins will be isolated first. Isolation will be confirmed by pacing the pulmonary veins at the previously identified threshold for capture. If no atrial capture noted, it will be inferred that the right pulmonary veins were isolated. If atrial capture noted, additional ablations on the atrial cuff will be performed until isolation is confirmed.
Freedom From Atrial Fibrillation
31.1 percentage of patients
Interval 22.6 to 40.1
61.8 percentage of patients
Interval 51.4 to 72.2

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Less than 30 days post-procedure or hospital discharge

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
MVS Alone
n=127 Participants
Participants will undergo mitral valve surgery with ligation/excision of left atrial appendage. MVS alone: All participants will have their left atrial appendage excised or excluded. For mitral regurgitation, the procedures will be a valve repair in the majority of cases. For valves that are not amenable to repair, and for most cases of mitral stenosis, a valve replacement will be performed.
MVS + Ablation
n=133 Participants
Participants will undergo mitral valve surgery with ligation/excision of left atrial appendage plus surgical ablation with pulmonary vein isolation or biatrial lesion set. MVS + ablation: For participants treated by pulmonary vein isolation, two separate encircling lesions will be made around the left and right pulmonary veins. For participants treated with biatrial maze lesion set, the left atrial lesions will include the two encircling lesions, as well as connecting lesions between to the pulmonary veins, from the pulmonary veins to the mitral valve annulus, and from the pulmonary veins to the left atrial appendage. The right pulmonary veins will be isolated first. Isolation will be confirmed by pacing the pulmonary veins at the previously identified threshold for capture. If no atrial capture noted, it will be inferred that the right pulmonary veins were isolated. If atrial capture noted, additional ablations on the atrial cuff will be performed until isolation is confirmed.
Composite of Death, Stroke, Serious Adverse Events (Cardiac and Non-cardiac), and Cardiac Re-hospitalizations Less Than 30 Days Post-procedure or Hospital Discharge
22.8 percentage of patients
Interval 15.5 to 30.1
31.6 percentage of patients
Interval 23.7 to 39.5

Adverse Events

MVS Alone

Serious events: 69 serious events
Other events: 36 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

MVS + Ablation

Serious events: 77 serious events
Other events: 40 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Serious adverse events

Serious adverse events
Measure
MVS Alone
n=127 participants at risk
Participants will undergo mitral valve surgery with ligation/excision of left atrial appendage. MVS alone: All participants will have their left atrial appendage excised or excluded. For mitral regurgitation, the procedures will be a valve repair in the majority of cases. For valves that are not amenable to repair, and for most cases of mitral stenosis, a valve replacement will be performed.
MVS + Ablation
n=133 participants at risk
Participants will undergo mitral valve surgery with ligation/excision of left atrial appendage plus surgical ablation with pulmonary vein isolation or biatrial lesion set. MVS + ablation: For participants treated by pulmonary vein isolation, two separate encircling lesions will be made around the left and right pulmonary veins. For participants treated with biatrial maze lesion set, the left atrial lesions will include the two encircling lesions, as well as connecting lesions between to the pulmonary veins, from the pulmonary veins to the mitral valve annulus, and from the pulmonary veins to the left atrial appendage. The right pulmonary veins will be isolated first. Isolation will be confirmed by pacing the pulmonary veins at the previously identified threshold for capture. If no atrial capture noted, it will be inferred that the right pulmonary veins were isolated. If atrial capture noted, additional ablations on the atrial cuff will be performed until isolation is confirmed.
General disorders
Bleeding
4.7%
6/127 • Number of events 6
5.3%
7/133 • Number of events 7
Cardiac disorders
Arrhythmias-Sustained ventricular arrhythmia
4.7%
6/127 • Number of events 6
3.0%
4/133 • Number of events 4
Cardiac disorders
Arrhythmias-Sustained supraventricular arrhythmia
12.6%
16/127 • Number of events 21
14.3%
19/133 • Number of events 30
Cardiac disorders
Cardiac conduction abnormalities requiring PPM
7.1%
9/127 • Number of events 9
18.8%
25/133 • Number of events 25
Cardiac disorders
Pericardial Fluid Collection
3.9%
5/127 • Number of events 5
3.0%
4/133 • Number of events 4
Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
Pleural Effusion
3.1%
4/127 • Number of events 4
8.3%
11/133 • Number of events 11
Cardiac disorders
Non-infectious Pericarditis
0.00%
0/127
0.75%
1/133 • Number of events 1
Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
Pneumothorax
1.6%
2/127 • Number of events 2
0.75%
1/133 • Number of events 1
Hepatobiliary disorders
Hepatic Dysfunction
2.4%
3/127 • Number of events 3
2.3%
3/133 • Number of events 3
Infections and infestations
Major Infection - Localized - Pneumonia
7.9%
10/127 • Number of events 11
2.3%
3/133 • Number of events 3
Infections and infestations
Major Infection - Localized - Other
5.5%
7/127 • Number of events 7
6.0%
8/133 • Number of events 10
Infections and infestations
Major Infection - Endocarditis
0.79%
1/127 • Number of events 1
0.75%
1/133 • Number of events 1
Infections and infestations
Major Infection - Sepsis
3.1%
4/127 • Number of events 4
6.0%
8/133 • Number of events 8
Cardiac disorders
Heart Failure
8.7%
11/127 • Number of events 13
10.5%
14/133 • Number of events 19
Cardiac disorders
Myocardial Infarction
1.6%
2/127 • Number of events 2
1.5%
2/133 • Number of events 2
Nervous system disorders
Neurological Dysfunction - CVA-Ischemic
2.4%
3/127 • Number of events 3
2.3%
3/133 • Number of events 4
Nervous system disorders
Neurological Dysfunction - CVA-Hemorrhagic
0.00%
0/127
0.75%
1/133 • Number of events 1
Nervous system disorders
Neurological Dysfunction - Toxic Metabolic Encephalopathy
0.00%
0/127
0.75%
1/133 • Number of events 1
Nervous system disorders
Neurological Dysfunction - Other (not stroke, TIA, Toxic Metabolic Encephalopathy)
0.79%
1/127 • Number of events 1
2.3%
3/133 • Number of events 3
Renal and urinary disorders
Renal Dysfunction (no dialysis)
3.1%
4/127 • Number of events 4
0.75%
1/133 • Number of events 1
Renal and urinary disorders
Renal Failure (dialysis)
1.6%
2/127 • Number of events 2
3.0%
4/133 • Number of events 4
Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
Respiratory Failure
11.0%
14/127 • Number of events 16
4.5%
6/133 • Number of events 6
Cardiac disorders
Right Heart Failure
0.00%
0/127
0.75%
1/133 • Number of events 1
Vascular disorders
Venous Thromboembolism Event
2.4%
3/127 • Number of events 4
2.3%
3/133 • Number of events 3

Other adverse events

Other adverse events
Measure
MVS Alone
n=127 participants at risk
Participants will undergo mitral valve surgery with ligation/excision of left atrial appendage. MVS alone: All participants will have their left atrial appendage excised or excluded. For mitral regurgitation, the procedures will be a valve repair in the majority of cases. For valves that are not amenable to repair, and for most cases of mitral stenosis, a valve replacement will be performed.
MVS + Ablation
n=133 participants at risk
Participants will undergo mitral valve surgery with ligation/excision of left atrial appendage plus surgical ablation with pulmonary vein isolation or biatrial lesion set. MVS + ablation: For participants treated by pulmonary vein isolation, two separate encircling lesions will be made around the left and right pulmonary veins. For participants treated with biatrial maze lesion set, the left atrial lesions will include the two encircling lesions, as well as connecting lesions between to the pulmonary veins, from the pulmonary veins to the mitral valve annulus, and from the pulmonary veins to the left atrial appendage. The right pulmonary veins will be isolated first. Isolation will be confirmed by pacing the pulmonary veins at the previously identified threshold for capture. If no atrial capture noted, it will be inferred that the right pulmonary veins were isolated. If atrial capture noted, additional ablations on the atrial cuff will be performed until isolation is confirmed.
General disorders
Bleeding
0.00%
0/127
1.5%
2/133 • Number of events 2
Cardiac disorders
Arrhythmias-Sustained supraventricular arrhythmia
11.8%
15/127 • Number of events 19
8.3%
11/133 • Number of events 12
Cardiac disorders
Cardiac conduction abnormalities requiring PPM
2.4%
3/127 • Number of events 3
0.75%
1/133 • Number of events 1
Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
Pleural Effusion
7.1%
9/127 • Number of events 9
6.8%
9/133 • Number of events 9
Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
Pneumothorax
0.00%
0/127
3.0%
4/133 • Number of events 4
Injury, poisoning and procedural complications
Major Infection - Localized - Other
3.9%
5/127 • Number of events 5
5.3%
7/133 • Number of events 7
Nervous system disorders
Neurological Dysfunction - Toxic Metabolic Encephalopathy
0.00%
0/127
1.5%
2/133 • Number of events 2
Nervous system disorders
Neurological Dysfunction - Other (not stroke, TIA, Toxic Metabolic Encephalopathy)
1.6%
2/127 • Number of events 2
1.5%
2/133 • Number of events 2
Renal and urinary disorders
Renal Dysfunction (no dialysis)
1.6%
2/127 • Number of events 2
2.3%
3/133 • Number of events 3
Vascular disorders
Venous Thromboembolism Event
1.6%
2/127 • Number of events 2
0.75%
1/133 • Number of events 1

Additional Information

Annetine C. Gelijns, PhD

Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai

Phone: 212-659-9568

Results disclosure agreements

  • Principal investigator is a sponsor employee
  • Publication restrictions are in place