Trial Outcomes & Findings for Impact Of Smoking Cessation Treatment Reimbursement On The Quit Rates In Smokers Motivated To Quit (NCT NCT00818207)

Last Updated: 2012-03-30

Results Overview

Percentage of participants who self-reported tobacco abstinence for the previous 7 days (7-day PP) with a negative response to the following questions: "Have you smoked any cigarettes (even a puff) in the last 7 days?" and "Have you used any nicotine-containing product (such as chew, snuff, pipe, cigar) other than a Nicotine Replacement Therapy (NRT) (smoking cessation treatment \[SCT\]) in the last 7 days?"

Recruitment status

COMPLETED

Study phase

PHASE4

Target enrollment

1380 participants

Primary outcome timeframe

Week 26

Results posted on

2012-03-30

Participant Flow

Participant milestones

Participant milestones
Measure	Reimbursement for Smoking Cessation Therapy (SCT) Participants used SCT of their choice, either pharmacological or non-pharmacological, or they could have chosen to use no SCT during the study. Participants in this group were fully reimbursed for the SCT used during the 26-week period following randomization.	No Reimbursement for SCT Participants used SCT of their choice, either pharmacological or non-pharmacological, or they could have chosen to use no SCT during the study. Participants in this group received no reimbursement for the SCT used during the 26-week period following randomization and had to pay for therapies out-of-pocket.
Overall Study STARTED	696	684
Overall Study COMPLETED	474	417
Overall Study NOT COMPLETED	222	267

Reasons for withdrawal

Reasons for withdrawal
Measure	Reimbursement for Smoking Cessation Therapy (SCT) Participants used SCT of their choice, either pharmacological or non-pharmacological, or they could have chosen to use no SCT during the study. Participants in this group were fully reimbursed for the SCT used during the 26-week period following randomization.	No Reimbursement for SCT Participants used SCT of their choice, either pharmacological or non-pharmacological, or they could have chosen to use no SCT during the study. Participants in this group received no reimbursement for the SCT used during the 26-week period following randomization and had to pay for therapies out-of-pocket.
Overall Study Adverse Event	6	0
Overall Study Lost to Follow-up	160	146
Overall Study Multiple reasons	11	12
Overall Study Withdrawal by Subject	42	104
Overall Study Death	3	5

Baseline Characteristics

Impact Of Smoking Cessation Treatment Reimbursement On The Quit Rates In Smokers Motivated To Quit

Baseline characteristics by cohort

Baseline characteristics by cohort
Measure	Reimbursement for Smoking Cessation Therapy (SCT) n=696 Participants Participants used SCT of their choice, either pharmacological or non-pharmacological, or they could have chosen to use no SCT during the study. Participants in this group were fully reimbursed for the SCT used during the 26-week period following randomization.	No Reimbursement for SCT n=684 Participants Participants used SCT of their choice, either pharmacological or non-pharmacological, or they could have chosen to use no SCT during the study. Participants in this group received no reimbursement for the SCT used during the 26-week period following randomization and had to pay for therapies out-of-pocket.	Total n=1380 Participants Total of all reporting groups
Age Continuous	46.5 Years STANDARD_DEVIATION 12.3 • n=5 Participants	46.7 Years STANDARD_DEVIATION 12.3 • n=7 Participants	46.6 Years STANDARD_DEVIATION 12.3 • n=5 Participants
Sex: Female, Male Female	342 Participants n=5 Participants	347 Participants n=7 Participants	689 Participants n=5 Participants
Sex: Female, Male Male	354 Participants n=5 Participants	337 Participants n=7 Participants	691 Participants n=5 Participants

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Week 26

Population: Intent to Treat (ITT) Population: all randomized participants

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Reimbursement for Smoking Cessation Therapy (SCT) n=696 Participants Participants used SCT of their choice, either pharmacological or non-pharmacological, or they could have chosen to use no SCT during the study. Participants in this group were fully reimbursed for the SCT used during the 26-week period following randomization.	No Reimbursement for SCT n=684 Participants Participants used SCT of their choice, either pharmacological or non-pharmacological, or they could have chosen to use no SCT during the study. Participants in this group received no reimbursement for the SCT used during the 26-week period following randomization and had to pay for therapies out-of-pocket.
Percentage of Participants With 7-Day Point Prevalence (PP) of Abstinence	20.8 Percentage of Participants	13.9 Percentage of Participants

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Week 26

Population: ITT

PP tobacco abstinence was adjudicated if the following conditions were met:(a) self-reported tobacco abstinence for the previous 7 days with a negative response to the questions "Have you smoked any cigarettes (even a puff) in the last 7 days?" and "Have you used any nicotine-containing product (such as chew, snuff, pipe, cigar) other than an NRT (SCT) in the last 7 days?" confirmed by negative urine cotinine test results (defined as cotinine levels less than \[\<\]200 nanograms per milliliter \[ng/mL\]).

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Reimbursement for Smoking Cessation Therapy (SCT) n=696 Participants Participants used SCT of their choice, either pharmacological or non-pharmacological, or they could have chosen to use no SCT during the study. Participants in this group were fully reimbursed for the SCT used during the 26-week period following randomization.	No Reimbursement for SCT n=684 Participants Participants used SCT of their choice, either pharmacological or non-pharmacological, or they could have chosen to use no SCT during the study. Participants in this group received no reimbursement for the SCT used during the 26-week period following randomization and had to pay for therapies out-of-pocket.
Percentage of Participants With Biochemically Confirmed 7-Day PP Abstinence From Tobacco	15.7 Percentage of Participants	10.1 Percentage of Participants

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Week 26, Week 39, and Week 52

Population: ITT

CA from smoking was adjudicated if the following conditions were met:(a) self-reported continuous tobacco abstinence during the defined time point with a negative response to the questions "Have you smoked any cigarettes (even a puff) since the last contact/visit?" at every visit from Week 26 through Week 52 (Weeks 26, 39, and 52) and "Have you used any nicotine-containing product (such as chew, snuff, pipe, cigar) other than an NRT (SCT) since the last contact/visit?" and (b) urine cotinine test results were neither positive (greater than or equal to \[≥\]200 ng/mL) nor missing.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Reimbursement for Smoking Cessation Therapy (SCT) n=696 Participants Participants used SCT of their choice, either pharmacological or non-pharmacological, or they could have chosen to use no SCT during the study. Participants in this group were fully reimbursed for the SCT used during the 26-week period following randomization.	No Reimbursement for SCT n=684 Participants Participants used SCT of their choice, either pharmacological or non-pharmacological, or they could have chosen to use no SCT during the study. Participants in this group received no reimbursement for the SCT used during the 26-week period following randomization and had to pay for therapies out-of-pocket.
Percentage of Participants With Continuous Abstinence (CA) at Weeks 26, 39, and 52 Week 26	15.7 Percentage of Participants	10.1 Percentage of Participants
Percentage of Participants With Continuous Abstinence (CA) at Weeks 26, 39, and 52 Week 39	7.8 Percentage of Participants	6.3 Percentage of Participants
Percentage of Participants With Continuous Abstinence (CA) at Weeks 26, 39, and 52 Week 52	6.6 Percentage of Participants	5.6 Percentage of Participants

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Week 13

Population: ITT

PP tobacco abstinence was adjudicated if the participant self-reported tobacco abstinence for the previous 7 days with a negative response to the following questions: "Have you smoked any cigarettes (even a puff) in the last 7 days?" and "Have you used any nicotine-containing product (such as chew, snuff, pipe, cigar) other than a NRT (SCT) in the last 7 days?"

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Reimbursement for Smoking Cessation Therapy (SCT) n=696 Participants Participants used SCT of their choice, either pharmacological or non-pharmacological, or they could have chosen to use no SCT during the study. Participants in this group were fully reimbursed for the SCT used during the 26-week period following randomization.	No Reimbursement for SCT n=684 Participants Participants used SCT of their choice, either pharmacological or non-pharmacological, or they could have chosen to use no SCT during the study. Participants in this group received no reimbursement for the SCT used during the 26-week period following randomization and had to pay for therapies out-of-pocket.
Percentage of Participants With 7-Day PP of Abstinence at Week 13	34.1 Percentage of Participants	23.7 Percentage of Participants

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Week 26 to Week 52

Population: ITT

LTQR was adjudicated if the following conditions were met: the participant self-reported tobacco abstinence for the previous 7 days with a negative response to the following questions: "Have you smoked any cigarettes (even a puff) in the last 7 days?" and "Have you used any nicotine-containing product (such as chew, snuff, pipe, cigar) other than a NRT (SCT) in the last 7 days?" and had no more than 6 cumulative days of using nicotine containing products from Weeks 26 to 52

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Reimbursement for Smoking Cessation Therapy (SCT) n=696 Participants Participants used SCT of their choice, either pharmacological or non-pharmacological, or they could have chosen to use no SCT during the study. Participants in this group were fully reimbursed for the SCT used during the 26-week period following randomization.	No Reimbursement for SCT n=684 Participants Participants used SCT of their choice, either pharmacological or non-pharmacological, or they could have chosen to use no SCT during the study. Participants in this group received no reimbursement for the SCT used during the 26-week period following randomization and had to pay for therapies out-of-pocket.
Percentage of Participants With Long Term Quit Rate (LTQR) Through Weeks 26 to 52 Week 52	11.2 Percentage of Participants	9.9 Percentage of Participants
Percentage of Participants With Long Term Quit Rate (LTQR) Through Weeks 26 to 52 Week 26	20.8 Percentage of Participants	13.9 Percentage of Participants
Percentage of Participants With Long Term Quit Rate (LTQR) Through Weeks 26 to 52 Week 30	19.7 Percentage of Participants	12.6 Percentage of Participants
Percentage of Participants With Long Term Quit Rate (LTQR) Through Weeks 26 to 52 Week 34	17.4 Percentage of Participants	12.3 Percentage of Participants
Percentage of Participants With Long Term Quit Rate (LTQR) Through Weeks 26 to 52 Week 39	14.9 Percentage of Participants	11.3 Percentage of Participants
Percentage of Participants With Long Term Quit Rate (LTQR) Through Weeks 26 to 52 Week 44	13.7 Percentage of Participants	11.0 Percentage of Participants
Percentage of Participants With Long Term Quit Rate (LTQR) Through Weeks 26 to 52 Week 48	12.5 Percentage of Participants	10.8 Percentage of Participants

Adverse Events

Reimbursement for Smoking Cessation Therapy (SCT)

Serious events: 35 serious events

Other events: 335 other events

Deaths: 0 deaths

No Reimbursement for SCT

Serious events: 25 serious events

Other events: 246 other events

Deaths: 0 deaths

Serious adverse events

Other adverse events

Additional Information

Pfizer ClinicalTrials.gov Call Center

Pfizer, Inc.

Phone: 1-800-718-1021

Email: [email protected]

Results disclosure agreements

Principal investigator is a sponsor employee Pfizer has the right to review disclosures, requesting a delay of less than 60 days. Investigator will postpone single center publications until after disclosure of pooled data (all sites), less than 12 months from study completion/termination at all participating sites. Investigator may not disclose previously undisclosed confidential information other than study results.
Publication restrictions are in place

Restriction type: OTHER

Measure	Reimbursement for Smoking Cessation Therapy (SCT) n=696 participants at risk Participants used SCT of their choice, either pharmacological or non-pharmacological, or they could have chosen to use no SCT during the study. Participants in this group were fully reimbursed for the SCT used during the 26-week period following randomization.	No Reimbursement for SCT n=684 participants at risk Participants used SCT of their choice, either pharmacological or non-pharmacological, or they could have chosen to use no SCT during the study. Participants in this group received no reimbursement for the SCT used during the 26-week period following randomization and had to pay for therapies out-of-pocket.
Gastrointestinal disorders Constipation	3.0% 21/696 The same event may appear as both an adverse event (AE) and a serious AE (SAE). However, what is presented are distinct events. An event may be categorized as serious in one subject and as nonserious in another subject, or one subject may have experienced both a serious and nonserious event during the study.	2.8% 19/684 The same event may appear as both an adverse event (AE) and a serious AE (SAE). However, what is presented are distinct events. An event may be categorized as serious in one subject and as nonserious in another subject, or one subject may have experienced both a serious and nonserious event during the study.
Gastrointestinal disorders Diarrhoea	1.6% 11/696 The same event may appear as both an adverse event (AE) and a serious AE (SAE). However, what is presented are distinct events. An event may be categorized as serious in one subject and as nonserious in another subject, or one subject may have experienced both a serious and nonserious event during the study.	2.6% 18/684 The same event may appear as both an adverse event (AE) and a serious AE (SAE). However, what is presented are distinct events. An event may be categorized as serious in one subject and as nonserious in another subject, or one subject may have experienced both a serious and nonserious event during the study.
Gastrointestinal disorders Dyspepsia	2.0% 14/696 The same event may appear as both an adverse event (AE) and a serious AE (SAE). However, what is presented are distinct events. An event may be categorized as serious in one subject and as nonserious in another subject, or one subject may have experienced both a serious and nonserious event during the study.	1.0% 7/684 The same event may appear as both an adverse event (AE) and a serious AE (SAE). However, what is presented are distinct events. An event may be categorized as serious in one subject and as nonserious in another subject, or one subject may have experienced both a serious and nonserious event during the study.
Gastrointestinal disorders Nausea	15.4% 107/696 The same event may appear as both an adverse event (AE) and a serious AE (SAE). However, what is presented are distinct events. An event may be categorized as serious in one subject and as nonserious in another subject, or one subject may have experienced both a serious and nonserious event during the study.	7.3% 50/684 The same event may appear as both an adverse event (AE) and a serious AE (SAE). However, what is presented are distinct events. An event may be categorized as serious in one subject and as nonserious in another subject, or one subject may have experienced both a serious and nonserious event during the study.
Gastrointestinal disorders Vomiting	2.4% 17/696 The same event may appear as both an adverse event (AE) and a serious AE (SAE). However, what is presented are distinct events. An event may be categorized as serious in one subject and as nonserious in another subject, or one subject may have experienced both a serious and nonserious event during the study.	1.9% 13/684 The same event may appear as both an adverse event (AE) and a serious AE (SAE). However, what is presented are distinct events. An event may be categorized as serious in one subject and as nonserious in another subject, or one subject may have experienced both a serious and nonserious event during the study.
General disorders Fatigue	2.2% 15/696 The same event may appear as both an adverse event (AE) and a serious AE (SAE). However, what is presented are distinct events. An event may be categorized as serious in one subject and as nonserious in another subject, or one subject may have experienced both a serious and nonserious event during the study.	1.6% 11/684 The same event may appear as both an adverse event (AE) and a serious AE (SAE). However, what is presented are distinct events. An event may be categorized as serious in one subject and as nonserious in another subject, or one subject may have experienced both a serious and nonserious event during the study.
General disorders Irritability	2.4% 17/696 The same event may appear as both an adverse event (AE) and a serious AE (SAE). However, what is presented are distinct events. An event may be categorized as serious in one subject and as nonserious in another subject, or one subject may have experienced both a serious and nonserious event during the study.	0.73% 5/684 The same event may appear as both an adverse event (AE) and a serious AE (SAE). However, what is presented are distinct events. An event may be categorized as serious in one subject and as nonserious in another subject, or one subject may have experienced both a serious and nonserious event during the study.
Infections and infestations Bronchitis	3.0% 21/696 The same event may appear as both an adverse event (AE) and a serious AE (SAE). However, what is presented are distinct events. An event may be categorized as serious in one subject and as nonserious in another subject, or one subject may have experienced both a serious and nonserious event during the study.	3.2% 22/684 The same event may appear as both an adverse event (AE) and a serious AE (SAE). However, what is presented are distinct events. An event may be categorized as serious in one subject and as nonserious in another subject, or one subject may have experienced both a serious and nonserious event during the study.
Infections and infestations Influenza	2.6% 18/696 The same event may appear as both an adverse event (AE) and a serious AE (SAE). However, what is presented are distinct events. An event may be categorized as serious in one subject and as nonserious in another subject, or one subject may have experienced both a serious and nonserious event during the study.	2.6% 18/684 The same event may appear as both an adverse event (AE) and a serious AE (SAE). However, what is presented are distinct events. An event may be categorized as serious in one subject and as nonserious in another subject, or one subject may have experienced both a serious and nonserious event during the study.
Infections and infestations Nasopharyngitis	2.6% 18/696 The same event may appear as both an adverse event (AE) and a serious AE (SAE). However, what is presented are distinct events. An event may be categorized as serious in one subject and as nonserious in another subject, or one subject may have experienced both a serious and nonserious event during the study.	1.8% 12/684 The same event may appear as both an adverse event (AE) and a serious AE (SAE). However, what is presented are distinct events. An event may be categorized as serious in one subject and as nonserious in another subject, or one subject may have experienced both a serious and nonserious event during the study.
Infections and infestations Sinusitis	2.4% 17/696 The same event may appear as both an adverse event (AE) and a serious AE (SAE). However, what is presented are distinct events. An event may be categorized as serious in one subject and as nonserious in another subject, or one subject may have experienced both a serious and nonserious event during the study.	1.8% 12/684 The same event may appear as both an adverse event (AE) and a serious AE (SAE). However, what is presented are distinct events. An event may be categorized as serious in one subject and as nonserious in another subject, or one subject may have experienced both a serious and nonserious event during the study.
Infections and infestations Upper respiratory tract infection	4.3% 30/696 The same event may appear as both an adverse event (AE) and a serious AE (SAE). However, what is presented are distinct events. An event may be categorized as serious in one subject and as nonserious in another subject, or one subject may have experienced both a serious and nonserious event during the study.	3.5% 24/684 The same event may appear as both an adverse event (AE) and a serious AE (SAE). However, what is presented are distinct events. An event may be categorized as serious in one subject and as nonserious in another subject, or one subject may have experienced both a serious and nonserious event during the study.
Injury, poisoning and procedural complications Fall	1.4% 10/696 The same event may appear as both an adverse event (AE) and a serious AE (SAE). However, what is presented are distinct events. An event may be categorized as serious in one subject and as nonserious in another subject, or one subject may have experienced both a serious and nonserious event during the study.	2.0% 14/684 The same event may appear as both an adverse event (AE) and a serious AE (SAE). However, what is presented are distinct events. An event may be categorized as serious in one subject and as nonserious in another subject, or one subject may have experienced both a serious and nonserious event during the study.
Investigations Weight increased	2.3% 16/696 The same event may appear as both an adverse event (AE) and a serious AE (SAE). However, what is presented are distinct events. An event may be categorized as serious in one subject and as nonserious in another subject, or one subject may have experienced both a serious and nonserious event during the study.	1.0% 7/684 The same event may appear as both an adverse event (AE) and a serious AE (SAE). However, what is presented are distinct events. An event may be categorized as serious in one subject and as nonserious in another subject, or one subject may have experienced both a serious and nonserious event during the study.
Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders Arthralgia	3.4% 24/696 The same event may appear as both an adverse event (AE) and a serious AE (SAE). However, what is presented are distinct events. An event may be categorized as serious in one subject and as nonserious in another subject, or one subject may have experienced both a serious and nonserious event during the study.	1.9% 13/684 The same event may appear as both an adverse event (AE) and a serious AE (SAE). However, what is presented are distinct events. An event may be categorized as serious in one subject and as nonserious in another subject, or one subject may have experienced both a serious and nonserious event during the study.
Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders Back pain	3.4% 24/696 The same event may appear as both an adverse event (AE) and a serious AE (SAE). However, what is presented are distinct events. An event may be categorized as serious in one subject and as nonserious in another subject, or one subject may have experienced both a serious and nonserious event during the study.	2.5% 17/684 The same event may appear as both an adverse event (AE) and a serious AE (SAE). However, what is presented are distinct events. An event may be categorized as serious in one subject and as nonserious in another subject, or one subject may have experienced both a serious and nonserious event during the study.
Nervous system disorders Headache	6.5% 45/696 The same event may appear as both an adverse event (AE) and a serious AE (SAE). However, what is presented are distinct events. An event may be categorized as serious in one subject and as nonserious in another subject, or one subject may have experienced both a serious and nonserious event during the study.	3.9% 27/684 The same event may appear as both an adverse event (AE) and a serious AE (SAE). However, what is presented are distinct events. An event may be categorized as serious in one subject and as nonserious in another subject, or one subject may have experienced both a serious and nonserious event during the study.
Psychiatric disorders Abnormal dreams	7.9% 55/696 The same event may appear as both an adverse event (AE) and a serious AE (SAE). However, what is presented are distinct events. An event may be categorized as serious in one subject and as nonserious in another subject, or one subject may have experienced both a serious and nonserious event during the study.	2.6% 18/684 The same event may appear as both an adverse event (AE) and a serious AE (SAE). However, what is presented are distinct events. An event may be categorized as serious in one subject and as nonserious in another subject, or one subject may have experienced both a serious and nonserious event during the study.
Psychiatric disorders Anxiety	4.0% 28/696 The same event may appear as both an adverse event (AE) and a serious AE (SAE). However, what is presented are distinct events. An event may be categorized as serious in one subject and as nonserious in another subject, or one subject may have experienced both a serious and nonserious event during the study.	2.5% 17/684 The same event may appear as both an adverse event (AE) and a serious AE (SAE). However, what is presented are distinct events. An event may be categorized as serious in one subject and as nonserious in another subject, or one subject may have experienced both a serious and nonserious event during the study.
Psychiatric disorders Depression	4.3% 30/696 The same event may appear as both an adverse event (AE) and a serious AE (SAE). However, what is presented are distinct events. An event may be categorized as serious in one subject and as nonserious in another subject, or one subject may have experienced both a serious and nonserious event during the study.	3.8% 26/684 The same event may appear as both an adverse event (AE) and a serious AE (SAE). However, what is presented are distinct events. An event may be categorized as serious in one subject and as nonserious in another subject, or one subject may have experienced both a serious and nonserious event during the study.
Psychiatric disorders Insomnia	5.9% 41/696 The same event may appear as both an adverse event (AE) and a serious AE (SAE). However, what is presented are distinct events. An event may be categorized as serious in one subject and as nonserious in another subject, or one subject may have experienced both a serious and nonserious event during the study.	4.4% 30/684 The same event may appear as both an adverse event (AE) and a serious AE (SAE). However, what is presented are distinct events. An event may be categorized as serious in one subject and as nonserious in another subject, or one subject may have experienced both a serious and nonserious event during the study.
Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders Cough	1.7% 12/696 The same event may appear as both an adverse event (AE) and a serious AE (SAE). However, what is presented are distinct events. An event may be categorized as serious in one subject and as nonserious in another subject, or one subject may have experienced both a serious and nonserious event during the study.	2.2% 15/684 The same event may appear as both an adverse event (AE) and a serious AE (SAE). However, what is presented are distinct events. An event may be categorized as serious in one subject and as nonserious in another subject, or one subject may have experienced both a serious and nonserious event during the study.
Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders Rash	2.3% 16/696 The same event may appear as both an adverse event (AE) and a serious AE (SAE). However, what is presented are distinct events. An event may be categorized as serious in one subject and as nonserious in another subject, or one subject may have experienced both a serious and nonserious event during the study.	2.0% 14/684 The same event may appear as both an adverse event (AE) and a serious AE (SAE). However, what is presented are distinct events. An event may be categorized as serious in one subject and as nonserious in another subject, or one subject may have experienced both a serious and nonserious event during the study.