Dietary Control of Type 2 Diabetes: Low-Carbohydrate Mediterranean Diet Versus Low-Fat Diet

NCT ID: NCT00725257

Last Updated: 2008-07-30

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

Get a concise snapshot of the trial, including recruitment status, study phase, enrollment targets, and key timeline milestones.

Recruitment Status

COMPLETED

Clinical Phase

NA

Total Enrollment

215 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2004-06-30

Study Completion Date

2007-12-31

Brief Summary

Review the sponsor-provided synopsis that highlights what the study is about and why it is being conducted.

The major environmental factors that increase the risk of type 2 diabetes, presumably in the setting of genetic risk, are overnutrition and a sedentary lifestyle, with consequent overweight and obesity. The high rate of weight regain has limited the role of lifestyle interventions as an effective means of controlling glycemia long term. The aims of the present study were: 1) To compare the effectiveness and safety of two nutritional protocols - namely low-carbohydrate Mediterranean diet or low-fat diet - in newly-diagnosed, drug-naive overweight patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The primary aim of the study was the effect on hemoglobin A1c levels; secondary aims were time to introduction of the first hypoglycemic agent, prevalence of the metabolic syndrome, percentage of patients meeting ADA goals for risk factors (HbA1c, blood pressure, LDL-cholesterol, percentage of patients with HbA1c \< 7%.

Detailed Description

Dive into the extended narrative that explains the scientific background, objectives, and procedures in greater depth.

Conditions

See the medical conditions and disease areas that this research is targeting or investigating.

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Study Design

Understand how the trial is structured, including allocation methods, masking strategies, primary purpose, and other design elements.

Allocation Method

RANDOMIZED

Intervention Model

PARALLEL

Primary Study Purpose

TREATMENT

Blinding Strategy

NONE

Study Groups

Review each arm or cohort in the study, along with the interventions and objectives associated with them.

1

Low-carbohydrate, energy-restricted, Mediterranean-type diet

Group Type ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Mediterranean diet

Intervention Type OTHER

The recommended composition of the dietary regimen was as follows: Carbohydrate 40 to 50%, protein 15 to 20%; fat 30 to 40%; saturated fat less than 10%.

2

Low-fat diet

Group Type ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Low-fat diet

Intervention Type OTHER

The recommended composition of the dietary regimen was as follows: Fat less than 30%; carbohydrate 50 to 60%, protein 15 to 20%; saturated fat less than 10%.

Interventions

Learn about the drugs, procedures, or behavioral strategies being tested and how they are applied within this trial.

Mediterranean diet

The recommended composition of the dietary regimen was as follows: Carbohydrate 40 to 50%, protein 15 to 20%; fat 30 to 40%; saturated fat less than 10%.

Intervention Type OTHER

Low-fat diet

The recommended composition of the dietary regimen was as follows: Fat less than 30%; carbohydrate 50 to 60%, protein 15 to 20%; saturated fat less than 10%.

Intervention Type OTHER

Eligibility Criteria

Check the participation requirements, including inclusion and exclusion rules, age limits, and whether healthy volunteers are accepted.

Inclusion Criteria

* Type 2 diabetes mellitus (ADA criteria)
* BMI (body mass index) \> 25 kg/M2
* Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) \< 11%; Blood pressure \< 160 (systolic) and 100 (diastolic) mm Hg
* Triglyceride levels \< 500 mg/dl.

Exclusion Criteria

* Pregnancy or breast-feeding
* Previous use of insulin or oral antidiabetic drugs
* Investigational drug within the previous 3 months
* Use of agents affecting glycemic control (systemic steroids and weight loss drugs)
* Patients with history of alcohol or illicit drug abuse
* Patients with liver enzymes higher than three times the upper limit of normal
* Serum creatinine \> 1.4 mg/dl.
Minimum Eligible Age

30 Years

Maximum Eligible Age

75 Years

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Sponsors

Meet the organizations funding or collaborating on the study and learn about their roles.

University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli

OTHER

Sponsor Role lead

Responsible Party

Identify the individual or organization who holds primary responsibility for the study information submitted to regulators.

Department of Geriatrics and Metabolic Diseases

Principal Investigators

Learn about the lead researchers overseeing the trial and their institutional affiliations.

Dario Giugliano, MD,PhD

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Department of Geriatrics and Metabolic Diseases

Locations

Explore where the study is taking place and check the recruitment status at each participating site.

Department of Geriatrics and Metabolic Diseases

Naples, , Italy

Site Status

Countries

Review the countries where the study has at least one active or historical site.

Italy

References

Explore related publications, articles, or registry entries linked to this study.

Shai I, Schwarzfuchs D, Henkin Y, Shahar DR, Witkow S, Greenberg I, Golan R, Fraser D, Bolotin A, Vardi H, Tangi-Rozental O, Zuk-Ramot R, Sarusi B, Brickner D, Schwartz Z, Sheiner E, Marko R, Katorza E, Thiery J, Fiedler GM, Bluher M, Stumvoll M, Stampfer MJ; Dietary Intervention Randomized Controlled Trial (DIRECT) Group. Weight loss with a low-carbohydrate, Mediterranean, or low-fat diet. N Engl J Med. 2008 Jul 17;359(3):229-41. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa0708681.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 18635428 (View on PubMed)

Esposito K, Ciotola M, Giugliano D. Low-carbohydrate diet and coronary heart disease in women. N Engl J Med. 2007 Feb 15;356(7):750; author reply 750-2. doi: 10.1056/NEJMc063464. No abstract available.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 17301311 (View on PubMed)

Maiorino MI, Bellastella G, Petrizzo M, Gicchino M, Caputo M, Giugliano D, Esposito K. Effect of a Mediterranean diet on endothelial progenitor cells and carotid intima-media thickness in type 2 diabetes: Follow-up of a randomized trial. Eur J Prev Cardiol. 2017 Mar;24(4):399-408. doi: 10.1177/2047487316676133. Epub 2016 Oct 27.

Reference Type DERIVED
PMID: 27798369 (View on PubMed)

Maiorino MI, Bellastella G, Caputo M, Castaldo F, Improta MR, Giugliano D, Esposito K. Effects of Mediterranean diet on sexual function in people with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes: The MEDITA trial. J Diabetes Complications. 2016 Nov-Dec;30(8):1519-1524. doi: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2016.08.007. Epub 2016 Aug 12.

Reference Type DERIVED
PMID: 27614727 (View on PubMed)

Maiorino MI, Bellastella G, Chiodini P, Romano O, Scappaticcio L, Giugliano D, Esposito K. Primary Prevention of Sexual Dysfunction With Mediterranean Diet in Type 2 Diabetes: The MEDITA Randomized Trial. Diabetes Care. 2016 Sep;39(9):e143-4. doi: 10.2337/dc16-0910. Epub 2016 Jun 28. No abstract available.

Reference Type DERIVED
PMID: 27352954 (View on PubMed)

Maiorino MI, Bellastella G, Petrizzo M, Scappaticcio L, Giugliano D, Esposito K. Anti-inflammatory Effect of Mediterranean Diet in Type 2 Diabetes Is Durable: 8-Year Follow-up of a Controlled Trial. Diabetes Care. 2016 Mar;39(3):e44-5. doi: 10.2337/dc15-2356. Epub 2016 Jan 6. No abstract available.

Reference Type DERIVED
PMID: 26740638 (View on PubMed)

Esposito K, Maiorino MI, Petrizzo M, Bellastella G, Giugliano D. The effects of a Mediterranean diet on the need for diabetes drugs and remission of newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes: follow-up of a randomized trial. Diabetes Care. 2014 Jul;37(7):1824-30. doi: 10.2337/dc13-2899. Epub 2014 Apr 10.

Reference Type DERIVED
PMID: 24722497 (View on PubMed)

Other Identifiers

Review additional registry numbers or institutional identifiers associated with this trial.

DGMM/4/2004

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id