Trial Outcomes & Findings for Comparison of Lantus and Neutral Protamine Hagedorn (NPH) Insulin in the Dawn Phenomenon (NCT NCT00694122)

NCT ID: NCT00694122

Last Updated: 2014-10-21

Results Overview

Cumulative sum of repeatedly measured blood glucose values (mg/dl) beginning at 22:00, then hourly till 08:00. Participants were monitored during two overnight sampling periods. One overnight was while the participant was on neutral protamine Hagedorn (NPH) insulin as the long acting insulin; the other overnight was glargine (Lantus) insulin as the the long acting insulin.

Recruitment status

COMPLETED

Study phase

PHASE3

Target enrollment

27 participants

Primary outcome timeframe

Overnight

Results posted on

2014-10-21

Participant Flow

Recruitment began in January 2007 and ended on January 2011. Individuals were recruited from the MGH Diabetes Center, MGH internal Research Broadcast for research volunteers. Advertisements were placed in the local metro and flyers posted around the institution, altho no participants contacted study staff from these latter advertisemens.

200 participants were recruited; 43 were phone screened; 27 signed consent forms, 12 exluded (3 did not meet inclusion criteria, 7 no longer wanted to participate and 3 lost to follow-up).

Participant milestones

Participant milestones
Measure
Lantus First, Then NPH
Lantus insulin once per day and blood glucose outcomes was studied during the first overnight visit; then the subject was discharged on NPH on twice per day NPH. Upon the second overnight visit, NPH insulin and blood glucose outcomes was studied
NPH First, Then Lantus
NPH was given twice per day in the first intervention period for 3-4 weeks and .Lantus was given once per day in second intervention period for 3-4 weeks.
First Intervention (3-4 Weeks)
STARTED
20
7
First Intervention (3-4 Weeks)
COMPLETED
10
5
First Intervention (3-4 Weeks)
NOT COMPLETED
10
2
Washout (1 Day)
STARTED
10
5
Washout (1 Day)
COMPLETED
10
5
Washout (1 Day)
NOT COMPLETED
0
0
Second Intervention (3-4 Weeks)
STARTED
10
5
Second Intervention (3-4 Weeks)
COMPLETED
10
5
Second Intervention (3-4 Weeks)
NOT COMPLETED
0
0

Reasons for withdrawal

Reasons for withdrawal
Measure
Lantus First, Then NPH
Lantus insulin once per day and blood glucose outcomes was studied during the first overnight visit; then the subject was discharged on NPH on twice per day NPH. Upon the second overnight visit, NPH insulin and blood glucose outcomes was studied
NPH First, Then Lantus
NPH was given twice per day in the first intervention period for 3-4 weeks and .Lantus was given once per day in second intervention period for 3-4 weeks.
First Intervention (3-4 Weeks)
Withdrawal by Subject
7
0
First Intervention (3-4 Weeks)
Lost to Follow-up
1
1
First Intervention (3-4 Weeks)
Did not meet entrance criteria
2
1

Baseline Characteristics

Comparison of Lantus and Neutral Protamine Hagedorn (NPH) Insulin in the Dawn Phenomenon

Baseline characteristics by cohort

Baseline characteristics by cohort
Measure
All Study Participants
n=15 Participants
Lantus insulin once per day and blood glucose outcomes was studied during the first overnight visit; then the subject was discharged on NPH on twice per day NPH. Upon the second overnight visit, NPH insulin and blood glucose outcomes was studied. If the participant entered the study on NPH, NPH insulin given twice per day and blood glucose outcomes was studied during the first overnight visit; then the subject was discharged on once per day Lantus. Upon the second overnight visit, Lantus insulin and blood glucose outcomes was studied
Age, Categorical
<=18 years
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
Age, Categorical
Between 18 and 65 years
15 Participants
n=5 Participants
Age, Categorical
>=65 years
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
Age, Continuous
46.5 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 12.5 • n=5 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Female
8 Participants
n=5 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Male
7 Participants
n=5 Participants
Region of Enrollment
United States
15 participants
n=5 Participants
Body Mass Index (BMI)
25.8 kg/m2
STANDARD_DEVIATION 3.3 • n=5 Participants
C-peptide
0.1 nmole/L
STANDARD_DEVIATION 0 • n=5 Participants
Diabetes duration
22.8 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 10.2 • n=5 Participants
Type of Insulin at First Overnight Visit
Lantus (glargine)
10 participants
n=5 Participants
Type of Insulin at First Overnight Visit
NPH
5 participants
n=5 Participants
Fast Acting Insulin
Humalog
8 participants
n=5 Participants
Fast Acting Insulin
Novolog
6 participants
n=5 Participants
Fast Acting Insulin
Regular
1 participants
n=5 Participants

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Overnight

Population: All participants received either NPH or glargine (Lantus) on separate overnight sampling periods.

Cumulative sum of repeatedly measured blood glucose values (mg/dl) beginning at 22:00, then hourly till 08:00. Participants were monitored during two overnight sampling periods. One overnight was while the participant was on neutral protamine Hagedorn (NPH) insulin as the long acting insulin; the other overnight was glargine (Lantus) insulin as the the long acting insulin.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Glargine (Lantus) Insulin
n=15 Participants
Glargine (Lantus) was given once per day at 22:00 on the evening of the overnight admission.;
NPH Insulin
n=15 Participants
NPH was given at 22:00 on the evening of the overnight admission.
Blood Glucose Area Under the Curve (AUC)
1673.33 mg*10hr/dL
Standard Deviation 760.7
1395 mg*10hr/dL
Standard Deviation 384.9

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Overnight

Population: All participants received either NPH or glargine (Lantus) on separate overnight sampling periods.

Average value of repeatedly measured absolute values beginning at 22:00, then hourly till 08:00. Participants were monitored during two overnight sampling periods. One overnight was while the participant was on NPH insulin as the long acting insulin; the other overnight was glargine(Lantus) insulin as the the long acting insulin.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Glargine (Lantus) Insulin
n=15 Participants
Glargine (Lantus) was given once per day at 22:00 on the evening of the overnight admission.;
NPH Insulin
n=15 Participants
NPH was given at 22:00 on the evening of the overnight admission.
Blood Glucose
9.6 mmol/l
Standard Deviation 0.3
7.9 mmol/l
Standard Deviation 3.7

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Overnight

NPH or glargine (Lantus) was given at 22:00 to provide blood glucose coverage during the overnight hours.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Glargine (Lantus) Insulin
n=15 Participants
Glargine (Lantus) was given once per day at 22:00 on the evening of the overnight admission.;
NPH Insulin
n=15 Participants
NPH was given at 22:00 on the evening of the overnight admission.
Insulin Dose
20.2 units
Standard Deviation 11.7
20.7 units
Standard Deviation 10.0

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Overnight

Population: Participants completing both overnight visits were included in the analysis.

Mean cortisol nmol/l during NPH or glargine (Lantus) overnight visit. Hourly cortisol was determined from 22:00 to 8:00.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Glargine (Lantus) Insulin
n=15 Participants
Glargine (Lantus) was given once per day at 22:00 on the evening of the overnight admission.;
NPH Insulin
n=15 Participants
NPH was given at 22:00 on the evening of the overnight admission.
Cortisol
380.45 nmol/l
Standard Deviation 143.48
388.61 nmol/l
Standard Deviation 122.1

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Overnight

Population: Participants completing both overnight visits were included in the analysis.

Mean glucagon mcg/l during NPH or glargine (Lantus) overnight visit. Hourly glucagon was determined from 22:00 to 8:00.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Glargine (Lantus) Insulin
n=15 Participants
Glargine (Lantus) was given once per day at 22:00 on the evening of the overnight admission.;
NPH Insulin
n=15 Participants
NPH was given at 22:00 on the evening of the overnight admission.
Glucagon
58.8 mcg/l
Standard Deviation 19.0
54.3 mcg/l
Standard Deviation 19.0

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Overnight

Population: Participants completing both overnight visits were included in the analysis.

Mean growth hormone ug/l during NPH or glargine (Lantus) overnight visit. Hourly growth hormone was determined from 22:00 to 8:00.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Glargine (Lantus) Insulin
n=15 Participants
Glargine (Lantus) was given once per day at 22:00 on the evening of the overnight admission.;
NPH Insulin
n=15 Participants
NPH was given at 22:00 on the evening of the overnight admission.
Growth Hormone
1.09 ug/l
Standard Deviation 1.61
1.27 ug/l
Standard Deviation 2.3

Adverse Events

NPH Insulin

Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Lantus Insulin

Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Serious adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Other adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Additional Information

David M. Nathan, MD

Massachusetts General Hospital

Phone: 617-726-1848

Results disclosure agreements

  • Principal investigator is a sponsor employee
  • Publication restrictions are in place