Nevirapine Study for the Prevention of Maternal-Infant HIV Transmission in Uganda

NCT ID: NCT00639938

Last Updated: 2008-04-02

Basic Information

• Recruitment Status: COMPLETED
• Clinical Phase: PHASE3
• Total Enrollment: 722 participants
• Study Classification: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Start Date: 2004-07-31
• Study Completion Date: 2007-07-31

Brief Summary

The increase in pediatric HIV infection has a substantial impact on childhood mortality in the developing world. A number of recent studies suggest that as many as half or more of mother-to-child HIV transmissions in developing countries occur in late pregnancy or during labor and delivery. Interventions targeted during the perinatal period have shown to be effective and to have a significant impact in reducing transmission. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of nevirapine (NVP) plus immunoprophylaxis or extended NVP dosing regimens in HIV-infected pregnant women and their infants during the perinatal period.

Detailed Description

There is an urgent need to find safe, effective means of preventing mother-to-child-transmission (MTCT) of HIV that can be used in developing countries. One of the greatest obstacles to prevention in these areas remains HIV transmission through breast milk. The primary purpose of this trial is to determine if nevirapine (NVP) plus immunoprophylaxis (by intravenous HIV immune globulin [HIVIGLOB]) or extended NVP dosing of the neonate during the perinatal period can safely and effectively reduce the risk of peripartum or early breastfeeding-related HIV MTCT.

This study will last 11-18 weeks for each mother and 18 months for each infant. HIV-infected pregnant women will be randomly assigned to one of three arms. Participants in Arm 1 will receive a single dose of 200 mg NVP orally at the onset of labor. Infants in Arm 1 will receive a single dose of 2 mg/kg NVP orally within the first week after delivery. Arm 2 participants will receive a single dose of 200 mg NVP orally at the onset of labor. Infants in Arm 2 will receive 2 mg/kg NVP orally within the first week after delivery and 5 mg NVP taken orally daily from Day 8 through Week 6. Arm 3 participants will receive a 12 gm intravenous dose of HIVIGLOB at 36-37 weeks gestation and 200 mg NVP orally at the onset of labor. Infants in Arm 3 will receive a single 1.2 gm intravenous dose HIVIGLOB within 18 hours of birth and 2 mg/kg NVP orally within the first week after delivery.

There will be five or six study visits for pregnant participants. A targeted medical history, physical examination, and blood collection will occur at all visits. After birth, there will be 11 study visits for infants in Arms 1 and 2 and 12 study visits for infants in Arm 3. Medical history and a targeted physical exam will occur at all visits. Blood collection will occur at some visits.

Conditions

HIV Infections

Keywords

Pregnancy, High-Risk; HIV Seronegativity

Study Design

• Allocation Method: RANDOMIZED
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Primary Study Purpose: PREVENTION
• Blinding Strategy: DOUBLE

Study Groups

1

Mother dosing regimen: Single dose of 200 mg NVP taken orally at onset of labor

Infant dosing regimen: Single dose of 2 mg/kg NVP taken orally within the first week after delivery

Group Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Nevirapine

Intervention Type: DRUG

200 mg Nevirapine tablet

2

Mother dosing regimen: Single dose of 200 mg NVP taken orally at onset of labor

Infant dosing regimen: 2 mg/kg NVP taken orally within the first week after delivery and 5 mg NVP taken orally daily from Day 8 through Week 6

Group Type: EXPERIMENTAL

Nevirapine

Intervention Type: DRUG

200 mg Nevirapine tablet

3

Mother dosing regimen: Single 12 gm intravenous dose of HIVIGLOB at 36 - 37 weeks gestation and 200 mg NVP taken orally at onset of labor

Infant dosing regimen: Single 1.2 gm intravenous dose HIVIGLOB within 18 hours of birth and 2 mg/kg NVP taken orally within the first week after delivery

Group Type: EXPERIMENTAL

Nevirapine

Intervention Type: DRUG

200 mg Nevirapine tablet

HIV immune globulin solution

Intervention Type: DRUG

5% intravenous HIV immune globulin solution

Interventions

Nevirapine

200 mg Nevirapine tablet

Intervention Type: DRUG

HIV immune globulin solution

5% intravenous HIV immune globulin solution

Intervention Type: DRUG

Other Intervention Names

NVP Viramune; HIVIGLOB

Eligibility Criteria

Inclusion Criteria

• Pregnant between 32-36 weeks estimated gestation
• HIV Infected
• Intent to breastfeed infant
• Certain laboratory criteria. More information on this criterion can be found in the protocol.

Exclusion Criteria

• Sensitivity to immune globulin preparations or any benzodiazepine
• Clinically significant disease, as determined by the investigator, that would compromise the ability of the participant to complete the study requirements
• Currently receiving antiretroviral therapy (other than the intrapartum NVP or other peripartum regimens)
• Participation in any HIV vaccine trials
• History of cytotoxic chemotherapy within one month of study entry
• Uncontrolled hypertension
• Chronic alcohol or illicit drug use
• History of non-compliance with visits or medication
• Women who become pregnant again during study follow-up will not be eligible for re-enrollment in the trial

• Minimum Eligible Age: 18 Years
• Eligible Sex: FEMALE
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Sponsors

National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)

NIH

Sponsor Role: lead

Responsible Party

Johns Hopkins School of Medicine

Principal Investigators

Brooks Jackson, MD

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Johns Hopkins School of Medicine

References

Colvin M, Chopra M, Doherty T, Jackson D, Levin J, Willumsen J, Goga A, Moodley P; Good Start Study Group. Operational effectiveness of single-dose nevirapine in preventing mother-to-child transmission of HIV. Bull World Health Organ. 2007 Jun;85(6):466-73. doi: 10.2471/blt.06.033639.

Reference Type: BACKGROUND

PMID: 17639244 (View on PubMed)

Flys TS, Mwatha A, Guay LA, Nakabiito C, Donnell D, Musoke P, Mmiro F, Jackson JB, Eshleman SH. Detection of K103N in Ugandan women after repeated exposure to single dose nevirapine. AIDS. 2007 Oct 1;21(15):2077-82. doi: 10.1097/QAD.0b013e3282703847.

Reference Type: BACKGROUND

PMID: 17885298 (View on PubMed)

Jackson JB, Musoke P, Fleming T, Guay LA, Bagenda D, Allen M, Nakabiito C, Sherman J, Bakaki P, Owor M, Ducar C, Deseyve M, Mwatha A, Emel L, Duefield C, Mirochnick M, Fowler MG, Mofenson L, Miotti P, Gigliotti M, Bray D, Mmiro F. Intrapartum and neonatal single-dose nevirapine compared with zidovudine for prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1 in Kampala, Uganda: 18-month follow-up of the HIVNET 012 randomised trial. Lancet. 2003 Sep 13;362(9387):859-68. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(03)14341-3.

Reference Type: BACKGROUND

PMID: 13678973 (View on PubMed)

Onyango-Makumbi C, Omer SB, Mubiru M, Moulton LH, Nakabiito C, Musoke P, Mmiro F, Zwerski S, Wigzell H, Falksveden L, Wahren B, Antelman G, Fowler MG, Guay L, Jackson JB. Safety and efficacy of HIV hyperimmune globulin for prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission in HIV-1-infected pregnant women and their infants in Kampala, Uganda (HIVIGLOB/NVP STUDY). J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2011 Dec 1;58(4):399-407. doi: 10.1097/QAI.0b013e31822f8914.

Reference Type: DERIVED

PMID: 21826009 (View on PubMed)

Six Week Extended-Dose Nevirapine (SWEN) Study Team; Bedri A, Gudetta B, Isehak A, Kumbi S, Lulseged S, Mengistu Y, Bhore AV, Bhosale R, Varadhrajan V, Gupte N, Sastry J, Suryavanshi N, Tripathy S, Mmiro F, Mubiru M, Onyango C, Taylor A, Musoke P, Nakabiito C, Abashawl A, Adamu R, Antelman G, Bollinger RC, Bright P, Chaudhary MA, Coberly J, Guay L, Fowler MG, Gupta A, Hassen E, Jackson JB, Moulton LH, Nayak U, Omer SB, Propper L, Ram M, Rexroad V, Ruff AJ, Shankar A, Zwerski S. Extended-dose nevirapine to 6 weeks of age for infants to prevent HIV transmission via breastfeeding in Ethiopia, India, and Uganda: an analysis of three randomised controlled trials. Lancet. 2008 Jul 26;372(9635):300-13. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(08)61114-9.

Reference Type: DERIVED

PMID: 18657709 (View on PubMed)

Other Identifiers

R01AI034235

Identifier Type: NIH

Identifier Source: org_study_id

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