Study Results
The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.
Basic Information
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COMPLETED
PHASE3
612 participants
INTERVENTIONAL
2008-03-31
2009-03-31
Brief Summary
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Detailed Description
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Conditions
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Study Design
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RANDOMIZED
FACTORIAL
PREVENTION
QUADRUPLE
Study Groups
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1
Zinc
Zinc
Daily oral supplementation with zinc, 10 mg, for an average of 60 weeks
2
Vitamins and minerals other than zinc
Vitamins and minerals other than zinc
Daily supplementation with vitamin A, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, niacin, vitamin B6, folic acid, vitamin B12, vitamin C, vitamin D, vitamin E, vitamin K, iron, iodine, copper, selenium, magnesium and calcium; for an average of 60 weeks
3
Vitamins plus zinc and other minerals
Vitamins plus zinc and other minerals
Daily oral supplementation with zinc, vitamin A, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, niacin, vitamin B6, folic acid, vitamin B12, vitamin C, vitamin D, vitamin E, vitamin K, iron, iodine, copper, selenium, magnesium and calcium; for an average of 60 weeks
4
Placebo for all vitamins and minerals
Placebo
Daily oral supplementation with placebo for vitamins and all minerals; for an average of 60 weeks
Interventions
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Zinc
Daily oral supplementation with zinc, 10 mg, for an average of 60 weeks
Vitamins and minerals other than zinc
Daily supplementation with vitamin A, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, niacin, vitamin B6, folic acid, vitamin B12, vitamin C, vitamin D, vitamin E, vitamin K, iron, iodine, copper, selenium, magnesium and calcium; for an average of 60 weeks
Vitamins plus zinc and other minerals
Daily oral supplementation with zinc, vitamin A, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, niacin, vitamin B6, folic acid, vitamin B12, vitamin C, vitamin D, vitamin E, vitamin K, iron, iodine, copper, selenium, magnesium and calcium; for an average of 60 weeks
Placebo
Daily oral supplementation with placebo for vitamins and all minerals; for an average of 60 weeks
Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria
* Permanently residing in the study area
* Being moderately or mildly stunted (height-for-age z-score \<-1.5 SD)
* Informed consent from parents or guardians obtained
Exclusion Criteria
* Hemoglobin concentration \<70 g/L
* Axillary temperature ≥37.50 °C with malaria antigenemia
* Signs and symptoms at randomisation suggesting malaria, hepatitis, HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, sickle cell disease or other severe condition
* Unable to produce a venous blood sample (\>1 mL)
6 Months
60 Months
ALL
Yes
Sponsors
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Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre, Tanzania
OTHER
Wageningen University
OTHER
Responsible Party
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Principal Investigators
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Hans Verhoef, PhD
Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
Wageningen University, Cell Biology and Immunology Group
Raimos M Olomi, MD MMed MPH
Role: STUDY_CHAIR
Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre
Huub FJ Savelkoul, PhD
Role: STUDY_DIRECTOR
Wageningen University, Cell Biology and Immunology Group
John F. Shao, MD
Role: STUDY_DIRECTOR
Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre
Locations
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Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre
Moshi, , Tanzania
Countries
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References
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Imwong M, Woodrow CJ, Hendriksen IC, Veenemans J, Verhoef H, Faiz MA, Mohanty S, Mishra S, Mtove G, Gesase S, Seni A, Chhaganlal KD, Day NP, Dondorp AM, White NJ. Plasma concentration of parasite DNA as a measure of disease severity in falciparum malaria. J Infect Dis. 2015 Apr 1;211(7):1128-33. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiu590. Epub 2014 Oct 24.
Pasricha SR, Atkinson SH, Armitage AE, Khandwala S, Veenemans J, Cox SE, Eddowes LA, Hayes T, Doherty CP, Demir AY, Tijhaar E, Verhoef H, Prentice AM, Drakesmith H. Expression of the iron hormone hepcidin distinguishes different types of anemia in African children. Sci Transl Med. 2014 May 7;6(235):235re3. doi: 10.1126/scitranslmed.3008249.
Hendriksen IC, White LJ, Veenemans J, Mtove G, Woodrow C, Amos B, Saiwaew S, Gesase S, Nadjm B, Silamut K, Joseph S, Chotivanich K, Day NP, von Seidlein L, Verhoef H, Reyburn H, White NJ, Dondorp AM. Defining falciparum-malaria-attributable severe febrile illness in moderate-to-high transmission settings on the basis of plasma PfHRP2 concentration. J Infect Dis. 2013 Jan 15;207(2):351-61. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jis675. Epub 2012 Nov 7.
Veenemans J, Schouten LR, Ottenhof MJ, Mank TG, Uges DR, Mbugi EV, Demir AY, Kraaijenhagen RJ, Savelkoul HF, Verhoef H. Effect of preventive supplementation with zinc and other micronutrients on non-malarial morbidity in Tanzanian pre-school children: a randomized trial. PLoS One. 2012;7(8):e41630. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0041630. Epub 2012 Aug 3.
Veenemans J, Milligan P, Prentice AM, Schouten LR, Inja N, van der Heijden AC, de Boer LC, Jansen EJ, Koopmans AE, Enthoven WT, Kraaijenhagen RJ, Demir AY, Uges DR, Mbugi EV, Savelkoul HF, Verhoef H. Effect of supplementation with zinc and other micronutrients on malaria in Tanzanian children: a randomised trial. PLoS Med. 2011 Nov;8(11):e1001125. doi: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1001125. Epub 2011 Nov 22.
Veenemans J, Jansen EJ, Baidjoe AY, Mbugi EV, Demir AY, Kraaijenhagen RJ, Savelkoul HF, Verhoef H. Effect of alpha(+)-thalassaemia on episodes of fever due to malaria and other causes: a community-based cohort study in Tanzania. Malar J. 2011 Sep 22;10:280. doi: 10.1186/1475-2875-10-280.
Veenemans J, Mank T, Ottenhof M, Baidjoe A, Mbugi EV, Demir AY, Wielders JP, Savelkoul HF, Verhoef H. Protection against diarrhea associated with Giardia intestinalis Is lost with multi-nutrient supplementation: a study in Tanzanian children. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2011 Jun;5(6):e1158. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0001158. Epub 2011 Jun 7.
Mbugi EV, Meijerink M, Veenemans J, Jeurink PV, McCall M, Olomi RM, Shao JF, Chilongola JO, Verhoef H, Savelkoul HF. Effect of nutrient deficiencies on in vitro Th1 and Th2 cytokine response of peripheral blood mononuclear cells to Plasmodium falciparum infection. Malar J. 2010 Jun 14;9:162. doi: 10.1186/1475-2875-9-162.
Mbugi EV, Meijerink M, Veenemans J, Jeurink PV, McCall M, Olomi RM, Shao JF, Verhoef H, Savelkoul HF. Alterations in early cytokine-mediated immune responses to Plasmodium falciparum infection in Tanzanian children with mineral element deficiencies: a cross-sectional survey. Malar J. 2010 May 17;9:130. doi: 10.1186/1475-2875-9-130.
Veenemans J, Andang'o PE, Mbugi EV, Kraaijenhagen RJ, Mwaniki DL, Mockenhaupt FP, Roewer S, Olomi RM, Shao JF, van der Meer JW, Savelkoul HF, Verhoef H. Alpha+ -thalassemia protects against anemia associated with asymptomatic malaria: evidence from community-based surveys in Tanzania and Kenya. J Infect Dis. 2008 Aug 1;198(3):401-8. doi: 10.1086/589884.
Other Identifiers
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WAO 93-442
Identifier Type: -
Identifier Source: org_study_id