Trial Outcomes & Findings for Data Analyses for Ancillary WISE Femhrt Hormone Replacement Study (NCT NCT00600106)

NCT ID: NCT00600106

Last Updated: 2019-04-24

Results Overview

Inducible myocardial ischemia measured by P-31 gated magnetic resonance cardiac spectroscopy (MRS) is reported as change (∆) in PCr/ATP ratio, with isometric submaximal handgrip stress. PCr/ATP ratio defined as (stress-\[average of rest and recovery periods\]) / average of rest and recover periods X 100, and expressed as % mean ± SD. For this trial, myocardial ischemia was pre-specified as a fall in quantitative PCR/ATP ratio \>20% from rest, and a lower value is considered indicative of greater ischemia.

Recruitment status

COMPLETED

Study phase

NA

Target enrollment

37 participants

Primary outcome timeframe

Baseline

Results posted on

2019-04-24

Participant Flow

Participant milestones

Participant milestones
Measure
Hormone Replacement Therapy
Hormone replacement therapy with 1 mg norethindrone/10 mcg thinyl estradiol (1/10 NA/EE).
Placebo
1 mg placebo.
Overall Study
STARTED
18
19
Overall Study
COMPLETED
17
18
Overall Study
NOT COMPLETED
1
1

Reasons for withdrawal

Reasons for withdrawal
Measure
Hormone Replacement Therapy
Hormone replacement therapy with 1 mg norethindrone/10 mcg thinyl estradiol (1/10 NA/EE).
Placebo
1 mg placebo.
Overall Study
Withdrawal by Subject
1
1

Baseline Characteristics

Data Analyses for Ancillary WISE Femhrt Hormone Replacement Study

Baseline characteristics by cohort

Baseline characteristics by cohort
Measure
Hormone Replacement Therapy
n=18 Participants
Hormone replacement therapy with 1 mg norethindrone/10 mcg thinyl estradiol (1/10 NA/EE).
Placebo
n=19 Participants
1 mg placebo.
Total
n=37 Participants
Total of all reporting groups
Sex: Female, Male
Female
18 Participants
n=5 Participants
19 Participants
n=7 Participants
37 Participants
n=5 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Male
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
Age, Continuous
56 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 9 • n=5 Participants
59 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 7 • n=7 Participants
57.5 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 8 • n=5 Participants
Race/Ethnicity, Customized
Nonwhite
3 participants
n=5 Participants
3 participants
n=7 Participants
6 participants
n=5 Participants
Race/Ethnicity, Customized
White
15 participants
n=5 Participants
16 participants
n=7 Participants
31 participants
n=5 Participants
Education
High school or less
10 participants
n=5 Participants
13 participants
n=7 Participants
23 participants
n=5 Participants
Education
College
8 participants
n=5 Participants
6 participants
n=7 Participants
14 participants
n=5 Participants
Current HT use prior to entry
Current HT use prior to entry
6 participants
n=5 Participants
8 participants
n=7 Participants
14 participants
n=5 Participants
Current HT use prior to entry
No HT prior to entry
12 participants
n=5 Participants
11 participants
n=7 Participants
23 participants
n=5 Participants
History of Hypertension
Hypertension
5 participants
n=5 Participants
14 participants
n=7 Participants
19 participants
n=5 Participants
History of Hypertension
Normal blood pressure
13 participants
n=5 Participants
5 participants
n=7 Participants
18 participants
n=5 Participants
History of Diabetes
History of Diabetes
4 participants
n=5 Participants
5 participants
n=7 Participants
9 participants
n=5 Participants
History of Diabetes
No Diabetes
14 participants
n=5 Participants
14 participants
n=7 Participants
28 participants
n=5 Participants
History of Dyslipidemia
Dyslipidemia
11 participants
n=5 Participants
7 participants
n=7 Participants
18 participants
n=5 Participants
History of Dyslipidemia
Normal values
7 participants
n=5 Participants
12 participants
n=7 Participants
19 participants
n=5 Participants
Current Smoking
Smoking
2 participants
n=5 Participants
2 participants
n=7 Participants
4 participants
n=5 Participants
Current Smoking
No smoking
16 participants
n=5 Participants
17 participants
n=7 Participants
33 participants
n=5 Participants
Total Cholesterol
195 mg/dl
STANDARD_DEVIATION 47 • n=5 Participants
205 mg/dl
STANDARD_DEVIATION 39 • n=7 Participants
200 mg/dl
STANDARD_DEVIATION 43 • n=5 Participants
HDL-Cholesterol
48 mg/dl
STANDARD_DEVIATION 16 • n=5 Participants
54 mg/dl
STANDARD_DEVIATION 9 • n=7 Participants
51 mg/dl
STANDARD_DEVIATION 12.5 • n=5 Participants
LDL-Cholesterol
120 mg/dl
STANDARD_DEVIATION 51 • n=5 Participants
124 mg/dl
STANDARD_DEVIATION 38 • n=7 Participants
122 mg/dl
STANDARD_DEVIATION 44.5 • n=5 Participants
Triglycerides
132 mg/dl
STANDARD_DEVIATION 92 • n=5 Participants
134 mg/dl
STANDARD_DEVIATION 64 • n=7 Participants
133 mg/dl
STANDARD_DEVIATION 78 • n=5 Participants
Systolic Blood Pressure
130 mmHg
STANDARD_DEVIATION 18 • n=5 Participants
136 mmHg
STANDARD_DEVIATION 18 • n=7 Participants
133 mmHg
STANDARD_DEVIATION 18 • n=5 Participants
Diastolic Blood Pressure
76 mmHg
STANDARD_DEVIATION 13 • n=5 Participants
78 mmHg
STANDARD_DEVIATION 9 • n=7 Participants
77 mmHg
STANDARD_DEVIATION 11 • n=5 Participants
Pulse
68 beats per minute
STANDARD_DEVIATION 8 • n=5 Participants
76 beats per minute
STANDARD_DEVIATION 11 • n=7 Participants
72 beats per minute
STANDARD_DEVIATION 9.5 • n=5 Participants
Fasting Blood Sugar
93 mg/dl
STANDARD_DEVIATION 17 • n=5 Participants
94 mg/dl
STANDARD_DEVIATION 20 • n=7 Participants
93.5 mg/dl
STANDARD_DEVIATION 18.5 • n=5 Participants
Body Mass Index
31 kg/m^2
STANDARD_DEVIATION 9 • n=5 Participants
31 kg/m^2
STANDARD_DEVIATION 7 • n=7 Participants
31 kg/m^2
STANDARD_DEVIATION 8 • n=5 Participants
Waist circumference
92 cm.
STANDARD_DEVIATION 17 • n=5 Participants
93 cm.
STANDARD_DEVIATION 15 • n=7 Participants
92.5 cm.
STANDARD_DEVIATION 16 • n=5 Participants

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline

Population: Among the 35 women, 28 baseline and 26 exit MRS results were technically adequate for spectral analyses with rest, handgrip exercise, and recovery spectra. A total of 24 women (13 drug, 11 placebo) had both baseline and exit P31's.

Inducible myocardial ischemia measured by P-31 gated magnetic resonance cardiac spectroscopy (MRS) is reported as change (∆) in PCr/ATP ratio, with isometric submaximal handgrip stress. PCr/ATP ratio defined as (stress-\[average of rest and recovery periods\]) / average of rest and recover periods X 100, and expressed as % mean ± SD. For this trial, myocardial ischemia was pre-specified as a fall in quantitative PCR/ATP ratio \>20% from rest, and a lower value is considered indicative of greater ischemia.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Hormone Replacement Therapy
n=15 Participants
Hormone replacement therapy with 1 mg norethindrone/10 mcg thinyl estradiol (1/10 NA/EE).
Placebo
n=13 Participants
1 mg placebo.
Inducible Myocardial Ischemia
-13.8 percent changed in PCR/ATP ratio
Standard Deviation 24.2
-7.0 percent changed in PCR/ATP ratio
Standard Deviation 22.8

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline

Population: Brachial artery reactivity testing at baseline by treatment

Endothelial dysfunction refers to altered vasoactive, anticoagulant, and anti-inflammatory properties of endothelium, and dysregulated vascular growth remodeling that results from a loss of nitric oxide (NO) bioactivity in the endothelium. Brachial Artery Reactivity Testing (BART), high-frequency ultrasonographic imaging of the brachial artery, evaluates flow-mediated vasodilation (FMD), an endothelium-dependent function. The technique provokes the release of nitric oxide, resulting in vasodilation that can be quantitated as an index of endothelial dysfunction. Flow-mediated vasodilation is typically expressed as the change in post-stimulus diameter as a percentage of the baseline diameter \[diameter after cuff deflation - baseline diameter / baseline diameter) x 100\].

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Hormone Replacement Therapy
n=16 Participants
Hormone replacement therapy with 1 mg norethindrone/10 mcg thinyl estradiol (1/10 NA/EE).
Placebo
n=18 Participants
1 mg placebo.
Endothelial Dysfunction (FMD)
8.2 percentage of pre-stimulus diameter
Standard Deviation 7.8
8.8 percentage of pre-stimulus diameter
Standard Deviation 7.3

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: 12 weeks

Population: Brachial artery reactivity testing at study exit by treatment

Endothelial dysfunction refers to altered vasoactive, anticoagulant, and anti-inflammatory properties of endothelium, and dysregulated vascular growth remodeling that results from a loss of nitric oxide (NO) bioactivity in the endothelium. Brachial Artery Reactivity Testing (BART), high-frequency ultrasonographic imaging of the brachial artery, evaluates flow-mediated vasodilation (FMD), an endothelium-dependent function. The technique provokes the release of nitric oxide, resulting in vasodilation that can be quantitated as an index of vasomotor function. Flow-mediated vasodilation is typically expressed as the change in post-stimulus diameter as a percentage of the baseline diameter \[diameter after cuff deflation - baseline diameter / baseline diameter) x 100\].

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Hormone Replacement Therapy
n=15 Participants
Hormone replacement therapy with 1 mg norethindrone/10 mcg thinyl estradiol (1/10 NA/EE).
Placebo
n=16 Participants
1 mg placebo.
Endothelial Dysfunction (FMD)
8.8 percentage of pre-stimulus diameter
Standard Deviation 5.3
7.3 percentage of pre-stimulus diameter
Standard Deviation 6.1

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: 12 weeks

Population: Among the 35 women, 28 baseline and 26 exit MRS results were technically adequate for spectral analyses with rest, handgrip exercise, and recovery spectra. A total of 24 women (13 drug, 11 placebo) had both baseline and exit P31's.

Inducible myocardial ischemia measured by P-31 gated magnetic resonance cardiac spectroscopy (MRS) is reported as change (∆) in PCr/ATP ratio, with isometric submaximal handgrip stress. PCr/ATP ratio defined as (stress-\[average of rest and recovery periods\]) / average of rest and recover periods X 100, and expressed as % mean ± SD. For this trial, myocardial ischemia was pre-specified as a fall in quantitative PCR/ATP ratio \>20% from rest, and a lower value is considered indicative of greater ischemia.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Hormone Replacement Therapy
n=14 Participants
Hormone replacement therapy with 1 mg norethindrone/10 mcg thinyl estradiol (1/10 NA/EE).
Placebo
n=12 Participants
1 mg placebo.
Inducible Myocardial Ischemia
-7.7 percent change in PCR/ATP ratio
Standard Deviation 20.8
1.1 percent change in PCR/ATP ratio
Standard Deviation 9.7

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline

Population: Exercise stress testing at baseline by treatment

Physical functional disability measured by exercise stress testing. Functional capacity was measured as metabolism equivalents (METs), exercise duration, and exercise-induced chest pain. A MET is defined as the resting metabolic rate, that is, the amount or oxygen consumet at rest, sitting quietly in a chair, approximately 3.5 ml O2 / kg / min (1.2 kcallmin for a 70-kg person). As such, work at METs requires twice the resting metabolism or 7.0 ml O2/kg/min, and so on.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Hormone Replacement Therapy
n=17 Participants
Hormone replacement therapy with 1 mg norethindrone/10 mcg thinyl estradiol (1/10 NA/EE).
Placebo
n=16 Participants
1 mg placebo.
Physical Functional Disability - Functional Capacity (METs)
5.4 metabolism equivalents
Standard Deviation 2.6
5.4 metabolism equivalents
Standard Deviation 1.8

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline

Population: Menopause Symptoms at baseline by treatment

Quality of life assessed by menopausal symptoms and psychological questionnaires

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Hormone Replacement Therapy
n=18 Participants
Hormone replacement therapy with 1 mg norethindrone/10 mcg thinyl estradiol (1/10 NA/EE).
Placebo
n=19 Participants
1 mg placebo.
Quality of Life - Menopause Symptoms
Hot flushes or flashing
89 percent of participants
68 percent of participants
Quality of Life - Menopause Symptoms
Poor memory
76 percent of participants
53 percent of participants
Quality of Life - Menopause Symptoms
Change in sexual desire
50 percent of participants
37 percent of participants
Quality of Life - Menopause Symptoms
Vaginal dryness
44 percent of participants
58 percent of participants
Quality of Life - Menopause Symptoms
Avoiding intimacy
39 percent of participants
37 percent of participants

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: 12 weeks

Population: Menopause Symptoms at exit by treatment

Quality of life assessed by menopausal symptoms and psychological questionnaires

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Hormone Replacement Therapy
n=17 Participants
Hormone replacement therapy with 1 mg norethindrone/10 mcg thinyl estradiol (1/10 NA/EE).
Placebo
n=18 Participants
1 mg placebo.
Quality of Life - Menopause Symptoms
Poor memory
59 percent of participants
78 percent of participants
Quality of Life - Menopause Symptoms
Change in sexual desire
35 percent of participants
67 percent of participants
Quality of Life - Menopause Symptoms
Hot flushes or flashing
41 percent of participants
89 percent of participants
Quality of Life - Menopause Symptoms
Vaginal dryness
35 percent of participants
67 percent of participants
Quality of Life - Menopause Symptoms
Avoiding intimacy
24 percent of participants
56 percent of participants

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline

Population: SF-36 scale at baseline by treatment

Quality of life assessed by cardiac symptoms and psychological questionnaires (SF 36 scale - Short Form Health Survey) The SF-36 includes one multi-item scale that assesses eight health concepts: 1) limitations in physical activities because of health problems; 2) limitations in social activities because of physical or emotional problems; 3) limitations in usual role activities because of physical health problems; 4) bodily pain; 5) general mental health (psychological distress and well-being); 6) limitations in usual role activities because of emotional problems; 7) vitality (energy and fatigue); and 8) general health perceptions. Each scale is directly transformed into a 0-100 scale on the assumption that each question carries equal weight. The lower the score the more disability. The higher the score the less disability i.e., a score of zero is equivalent to maximum disability and a score of 100 is equivalent to no disability.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Hormone Replacement Therapy
n=18 Participants
Hormone replacement therapy with 1 mg norethindrone/10 mcg thinyl estradiol (1/10 NA/EE).
Placebo
n=19 Participants
1 mg placebo.
Quality of Life - Health Survey
Physical functioning
60.8 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 27.5
43.8 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 27.4
Quality of Life - Health Survey
Role-physical
54.2 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 41.3
37.3 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 40.2
Quality of Life - Health Survey
Role-emotional
70.3 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 42.6
66.7 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 41.6
Quality of Life - Health Survey
Bodily pain
53.3 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 21.4
42.1 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 17.4
Quality of Life - Health Survey
General health
55.4 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 19.4
57.4 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 15.1
Quality of Life - Health Survey
Mental health
66.7 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 20.6
65.7 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 19.9
Quality of Life - Health Survey
Vitality
35.6 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 23.1
42.9 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 20.4
Quality of Life - Health Survey
Social functioning
59.4 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 14.7
53.2 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 24.3

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: 12 weeks

Population: SF-36 scale at exit by treatment

Quality of life assessed by cardiac symptoms and psychological questionnaires (SF 36 scale - Short Form Health Survey) The SF-36 includes one multi-item scale that assesses eight health concepts: 1) limitations in physical activities because of health problems; 2) limitations in social activities because of physical or emotional problems; 3) limitations in usual role activities because of physical health problems; 4) bodily pain; 5) general mental health (psychological distress and well-being); 6) limitations in usual role activities because of emotional problems; 7) vitality (energy and fatigue); and 8) general health perceptions. Each scale is directly transformed into a 0-100 scale on the assumption that each question carries equal weight. The lower the score the more disability. The higher the score the less disability i.e., a score of zero is equivalent to maximum disability and a score of 100 is equivalent to no disability.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Hormone Replacement Therapy
n=17 Participants
Hormone replacement therapy with 1 mg norethindrone/10 mcg thinyl estradiol (1/10 NA/EE).
Placebo
n=18 Participants
1 mg placebo.
Quality of Life - Health Survey
Role-physical
58.8 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 37.4
25.0 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 33.2
Quality of Life - Health Survey
Vitality
35.6 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 24.5
41.2 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 18.0
Quality of Life - Health Survey
Physical functioning
59.4 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 23.5
44.4 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 29.5
Quality of Life - Health Survey
Role-emotional
76.5 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 34.9
66.7 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 39.6
Quality of Life - Health Survey
Bodily pain
54.5 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 23.6
41.5 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 21.6
Quality of Life - Health Survey
General health
55.2 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 19.7
57.2 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 15.8
Quality of Life - Health Survey
Mental health
66.4 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 19.6
69.3 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 18.8
Quality of Life - Health Survey
Social functioning
59.4 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 16.0
56.1 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 20.6

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Exit at 12 weeks

Population: Exercise stress testing at exit (12 weeks) by treatment

Physical functional disability measured by exercise stress testing. Functional capacity was measured as metabolism equivalents (METs), exercise duration, and exercise-induced chest pain. A MET is defined as the resting metabolic rate, that is, the amount or oxygen consumet at rest, sitting quietly in a chair, approximately 3.5 ml O2 / kg / min (1.2 kcallmin for a 70-kg person). As such, work at METs requires twice the resting metabolism or 7.0 ml O2/kg/min, and so on.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Hormone Replacement Therapy
n=14 Participants
Hormone replacement therapy with 1 mg norethindrone/10 mcg thinyl estradiol (1/10 NA/EE).
Placebo
n=13 Participants
1 mg placebo.
Physical Functional Disability - Functional Capacity (METs)
6.1 metabolism equivalents
Standard Deviation 2.4
5.4 metabolism equivalents
Standard Deviation 2.5

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline

Population: Exercise stress testing at baseline by treatment

Physical functional disability measured by exercise stress testing. Functional capacity was measured as metabolism equivalents (METs), exercise duration, and exercise-induced chest pain.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Hormone Replacement Therapy
n=17 Participants
Hormone replacement therapy with 1 mg norethindrone/10 mcg thinyl estradiol (1/10 NA/EE).
Placebo
n=16 Participants
1 mg placebo.
Physical Functional Disability - Functional Capacity (Metabolism Equivalents)
6.1 metabolism equivalents
Standard Deviation 3.0
5.8 metabolism equivalents
Standard Deviation 2.1

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Exit (12 weeks)

Population: Exercise stress testing at exit (12 weeks) by treatment

Physical functional disability measured by exercise stress testing. Functional capacity was measured as metabolism equivalents (METs), exercise duration, and exercise-induced chest pain.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Hormone Replacement Therapy
n=14 Participants
Hormone replacement therapy with 1 mg norethindrone/10 mcg thinyl estradiol (1/10 NA/EE).
Placebo
n=13 Participants
1 mg placebo.
Physical Functional Disability - Functional Capacity (Metabolism Equivalents)
6.1 metabolism equivalents
Standard Deviation 2.4
5.4 metabolism equivalents
Standard Deviation 2.5

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline

Population: Exercise stress testing at baseline by treatment

Physical functional disability measured by exercise stress testing. Functional capacity was measured as metabolism equivalents (METs), exercise duration, and exercise-induced chest pain. In electrocardiography, the ST segment connects the QRS complex and the T wave and has duration of 80 to 120 ms. It should be essentially level with the PR and TP segment. The normal ST segment has a slight upward concavity. Flat, downsloping, or depressed ST segment may indicate coronary ishcemia. Positive treadmill exercise stress test (\>1.0 mm horizontal / downsloping or \>1.5 upsloping ST segment depression measured 0.08 msec after the J point).

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Hormone Replacement Therapy
n=17 Participants
Hormone replacement therapy with 1 mg norethindrone/10 mcg thinyl estradiol (1/10 NA/EE).
Placebo
n=16 Participants
1 mg placebo.
Physical Functional Disability - Functional Capacity (Exercise Induced ST Segment Depression)
-0.79 mm
Standard Deviation 0.78
-0.79 mm
Standard Deviation 0.47

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Exit (12 weeks)

Population: Exercise stress testing at exit (12 weeks) by treatment

Physical functional disability measured by exercise stress testing. Functional capacity was measured as metabolism equivalents (METs), exercise duration, and exercise-induced chest pain. In electrocardiography, the ST segment connects the QRS complex and the T wave and has duration of 80 to 120 ms. It should be essentially level with the PR and TP segment. The normal ST segment has a slight upward concavity. Flat, downsloping, or depressed ST segment may indicate coronary ishcemia. Positive treadmill exercise stress test (\>1.0 mm horizontal / downsloping or \>1.5 upsloping ST segment depression measured 0.08 msec after the J point).

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Hormone Replacement Therapy
n=14 Participants
Hormone replacement therapy with 1 mg norethindrone/10 mcg thinyl estradiol (1/10 NA/EE).
Placebo
n=13 Participants
1 mg placebo.
Physical Functional Disability - Functional Capacity (Stress Induced ST Segment Depression)
-1.05 mm
Standard Deviation 0.98
-0.63 mm
Standard Deviation 0.29

Adverse Events

Hormone Replacement Therapy

Serious events: 2 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Placebo

Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Serious adverse events

Serious adverse events
Measure
Hormone Replacement Therapy
n=18 participants at risk
Hormone replacement therapy with 1 mg norethindrone/10 mcg thinyl estradiol (1/10 NA/EE).
Placebo
n=19 participants at risk
1 mg placebo.
Cardiac disorders
Hospitalization for angina and a stroke
5.6%
1/18 • Number of events 1 • 12 weeks
0.00%
0/19 • 12 weeks
Hepatobiliary disorders
Hospitalizaton for biliary colic
5.6%
1/18 • Number of events 1 • 12 weeks
0.00%
0/19 • 12 weeks

Other adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Additional Information

C. Noel Bairey Merz

Cedars-Sinai Medical Center

Phone: 310-423-9680

Results disclosure agreements

  • Principal investigator is a sponsor employee
  • Publication restrictions are in place