Study Results
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View full resultsBasic Information
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COMPLETED
PHASE1/PHASE2
27 participants
INTERVENTIONAL
2006-09-30
2010-06-30
Brief Summary
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The study examined the reinforcing effects of ad libitum smoking with and without ADHD medication in adult smokers with clinically diagnosed ADHD. Participants were adults with ADHD. The effects of two day of ADHD medication compared to two days on placebo for were studied on nicotine intake (i.e., cotinine levels). In addition, task performance on the Continuous Performance Task and nicotine withdrawal symptoms were examined in response to ADHD medication + smoking a cigarette versus ADHD medication + abstinence versus placebo medication + smoking versus placebo medication + abstinence.
The study identified the reinforcing mechanisms of smoking in interaction with ADHD medication. The findings will contribute to a better understanding of nicotine addiction and facilitate the development of targeted smoking cessation and prevention programs for individuals with ADHD and other people with deficiencies in impulse control and excessive risk taking.
Detailed Description
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Conditions
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Study Design
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RANDOMIZED
FACTORIAL
BASIC_SCIENCE
DOUBLE
Study Groups
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ADHD medication versus placebo
For the ADHD medication condition, participants received their usual dosage of their usual ADHD medication (e.g., Dextroamphetamine; Amphetamine mixed salts; Atomoxetine; O-Methylphenidate; Lisdexamfetamine). For the placebo condition, a placebo pill was administered.
ADHD medication
For the ADHD medication condition, participants received their usual dosage of their usual ADHD medication for two consecutive days.
Placebo
For the placebo condition, participants received placebo pills for two consecutive days.
Interventions
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ADHD medication
For the ADHD medication condition, participants received their usual dosage of their usual ADHD medication for two consecutive days.
Placebo
For the placebo condition, participants received placebo pills for two consecutive days.
Other Intervention Names
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria
* A history of ADHD
* Current diagnosis of ADHD according to clinical criteria
* Current treatment with stimulant medication
* Smoking of 10 cigarettes or more per day
Exclusion Criteria
* Current pregnancy, as measured by a pregnancy test (Clear Blue Easy, Unipath, Bedford, UK), or planning to become pregnant within the next 6 months. These individuals will not be included because smoking may cause harm to the unborn fetus
* Nursing mothers
* Non-English speaking people, because the majority of measurements used in the study have not been validated in languages other than English
18 Years
45 Years
ALL
No
Sponsors
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University of California, Irvine
OTHER
Responsible Party
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Principal Investigators
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Jean G Gehricke, Ph.D.
Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
University of California, Irvine
Locations
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Department of Pediatrics
Irvine, California, United States
Countries
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References
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Gehricke JG, Hong N, Wigal TL, Chan V, Doan A. ADHD medication reduces cotinine levels and withdrawal in smokers with ADHD. Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 2011 May;98(3):485-91. doi: 10.1016/j.pbb.2011.02.021. Epub 2011 Feb 26.
Other Identifiers
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NIH grant# DA018752
Identifier Type: -
Identifier Source: secondary_id
2006-5156
Identifier Type: -
Identifier Source: org_study_id