Trial Outcomes & Findings for Dose Ranging Study of Dialysate Containing Soluble Iron to Treat Subjects With End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) Receiving Chronic Hemodialysis (NCT NCT00548249)

NCT ID: NCT00548249

Last Updated: 2020-12-02

Results Overview

Efficacy of a Soluble Ferric Pyrophosphate (SFP)-containing dialysate solution in maintaining physiological iron levels during chronic HD, as measured by the percent of subjects whose hgb decreases by a total of 1.0 g/dL (or more) from baseline on each of two successive measurements. Hemoglobin was obtained weekly at the mid-week dialysis treatments and compared to baseline value (average of two hgb measurements obtained at the two consecutive baseline visits prior to randomization).

Recruitment status

COMPLETED

Study phase

PHASE2

Target enrollment

131 participants

Primary outcome timeframe

up to 26 weeks

Results posted on

2020-12-02

Participant Flow

131 patients randomized and dosed between 27 Aug 2007 and 28 Apr 2009, across 29 study sites in U.S. and Canada.

No run-in or transition.

Participant milestones

Participant milestones
Measure
0 µg Iron/dL of Dialysate
Placebo; 0 micrograms (µg) iron/deciliter (dL) of dialysate during dialysis 3 times/ week
5 µg Iron/dL of Dialysate
5 micrograms (µg) iron/deciliter (dL) of dialysate during dialysis 3 times/ week
10 µg Iron/dL of Dialysate
10 micrograms (µg) iron/deciliter (dL) of dialysate during dialysis 3 times/ week
12 µg Iron/dL of Dialysate
12 micrograms (µg) iron/deciliter (dL) of dialysate during dialysis 3 times/ week
15 µg Iron/dL of Dialysate
15 micrograms (µg) iron/deciliter (dL) of dialysate during dialysis 3 times/ week
Overall Study
STARTED
26
26
29
22
28
Overall Study
COMPLETED
10
13
9
9
7
Overall Study
NOT COMPLETED
16
13
20
13
21

Reasons for withdrawal

Reasons for withdrawal
Measure
0 µg Iron/dL of Dialysate
Placebo; 0 micrograms (µg) iron/deciliter (dL) of dialysate during dialysis 3 times/ week
5 µg Iron/dL of Dialysate
5 micrograms (µg) iron/deciliter (dL) of dialysate during dialysis 3 times/ week
10 µg Iron/dL of Dialysate
10 micrograms (µg) iron/deciliter (dL) of dialysate during dialysis 3 times/ week
12 µg Iron/dL of Dialysate
12 micrograms (µg) iron/deciliter (dL) of dialysate during dialysis 3 times/ week
15 µg Iron/dL of Dialysate
15 micrograms (µg) iron/deciliter (dL) of dialysate during dialysis 3 times/ week
Overall Study
Hemoglobin (Hgb) decrease >=1.0 g/dL
3
4
4
2
4
Overall Study
Transferrin Saturation (TSAT) <20%
5
1
3
1
2
Overall Study
Protocol Violation
1
1
4
0
3
Overall Study
Miscellaneous
2
3
2
0
2
Overall Study
Pre-dialysis (Pre-HD) TSAT >=50%
0
0
2
1
4
Overall Study
Adverse Event
2
2
0
1
1
Overall Study
Post-dialysis high TSAT or low UIBC
0
0
1
3
2
Overall Study
Erythropoietin (ESA)Dose Change Required
0
0
1
2
2
Overall Study
Hemoglobin (Hgb) >= 12.6 g/dL
1
1
1
1
0
Overall Study
Prolonged hospitalization
0
0
2
1
0
Overall Study
Withdrawal by Subject
2
0
0
0
0
Overall Study
Corrected Q-wave T-wave (QTc) increase
0
1
0
0
1
Overall Study
Sponsor's request
0
0
0
1
0

Baseline Characteristics

Dose Ranging Study of Dialysate Containing Soluble Iron to Treat Subjects With End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) Receiving Chronic Hemodialysis

Baseline characteristics by cohort

Baseline characteristics by cohort
Measure
0 µg Iron/dL of Dialysate
n=26 Participants
Placebo; 0 micrograms (µg) iron/deciliter (dL) of dialysate during dialysis 3 times/ week
5 µg Iron/dL of Dialysate
n=26 Participants
5 micrograms (µg) iron/deciliter (dL) of dialysate during dialysis 3 times/ week
10 µg Iron/dL of Dialysate
n=29 Participants
10 micrograms (µg) iron/deciliter (dL) of dialysate during dialysis 3 times/ week
12 µg Iron/dL of Dialysate
n=22 Participants
12 micrograms (µg) iron/deciliter (dL) of dialysate during dialysis 3 times/ week
15 µg Iron/dL of Dialysate
n=28 Participants
15 micrograms (µg) iron/deciliter (dL) of dialysate during dialysis 3 times/ week
Total
n=131 Participants
Total of all reporting groups
Age, Categorical
<=18 years
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=4 Participants
0 Participants
n=21 Participants
0 Participants
n=10 Participants
Age, Categorical
Between 18 and 65 years
20 Participants
n=5 Participants
19 Participants
n=7 Participants
19 Participants
n=5 Participants
15 Participants
n=4 Participants
14 Participants
n=21 Participants
87 Participants
n=10 Participants
Age, Categorical
>=65 years
6 Participants
n=5 Participants
7 Participants
n=7 Participants
10 Participants
n=5 Participants
7 Participants
n=4 Participants
14 Participants
n=21 Participants
44 Participants
n=10 Participants
Age, Continuous
57.7 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 10.68 • n=5 Participants
57.3 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 15.48 • n=7 Participants
57.3 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 13.97 • n=5 Participants
57.9 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 12.79 • n=4 Participants
59.8 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 16.96 • n=21 Participants
58 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 14.07 • n=10 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Female
8 Participants
n=5 Participants
11 Participants
n=7 Participants
13 Participants
n=5 Participants
7 Participants
n=4 Participants
11 Participants
n=21 Participants
50 Participants
n=10 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Male
18 Participants
n=5 Participants
15 Participants
n=7 Participants
16 Participants
n=5 Participants
15 Participants
n=4 Participants
17 Participants
n=21 Participants
81 Participants
n=10 Participants
Region of Enrollment
United States
22 participants
n=5 Participants
24 participants
n=7 Participants
25 participants
n=5 Participants
21 participants
n=4 Participants
25 participants
n=21 Participants
117 participants
n=10 Participants
Region of Enrollment
Canada
4 participants
n=5 Participants
2 participants
n=7 Participants
4 participants
n=5 Participants
1 participants
n=4 Participants
3 participants
n=21 Participants
14 participants
n=10 Participants

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: up to 26 weeks

Population: Modified intent-to-treat population, consisting of all subjects who received any amount of randomized study medication

Efficacy of a Soluble Ferric Pyrophosphate (SFP)-containing dialysate solution in maintaining physiological iron levels during chronic HD, as measured by the percent of subjects whose hgb decreases by a total of 1.0 g/dL (or more) from baseline on each of two successive measurements. Hemoglobin was obtained weekly at the mid-week dialysis treatments and compared to baseline value (average of two hgb measurements obtained at the two consecutive baseline visits prior to randomization).

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
0 µg Iron/dL of Dialysate
n=26 Participants
Placebo; 0 micrograms (µg) iron/deciliter (dL) of dialysate during dialysis 3 times/ week
5 µg Iron/dL of Dialysate
n=26 Participants
5 micrograms (µg) iron/deciliter (dL) of dialysate during dialysis 3 times/ week
10 µg Iron/dL of Dialysate
n=29 Participants
10 micrograms (µg) iron/deciliter (dL) of dialysate during dialysis 3 times/ week
12 µg Iron/dL of Dialysate
n=22 Participants
12 micrograms (µg) iron/deciliter (dL) of dialysate during dialysis 3 times/ week
15 µg Iron/dL of Dialysate
n=28 Participants
15 micrograms (µg) iron/deciliter (dL) of dialysate during dialysis 3 times/ week
Percent of Subjects Whose Hemoglobin (Hgb) Decreases by a Total of 1.0 Grams/ Deciliter (g/dL) (or More) From Baseline on Each of Two Successive Measurements.
5 Percent of subjects
6 Percent of subjects
Interval 0.3 to 3.32
5 Percent of subjects
Interval 0.33 to 4.09
4 Percent of subjects
Interval 0.21 to 3.02
10 Percent of subjects
Interval 0.6 to 5.19

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: two time points: baseline and final evaluation (last post baseline assessment, up to 26 weeks)

Population: Modified intent-to-treat population, consisting of all subjects who received any amount of randomized study medication

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
0 µg Iron/dL of Dialysate
n=26 Participants
Placebo; 0 micrograms (µg) iron/deciliter (dL) of dialysate during dialysis 3 times/ week
5 µg Iron/dL of Dialysate
n=26 Participants
5 micrograms (µg) iron/deciliter (dL) of dialysate during dialysis 3 times/ week
10 µg Iron/dL of Dialysate
n=29 Participants
10 micrograms (µg) iron/deciliter (dL) of dialysate during dialysis 3 times/ week
12 µg Iron/dL of Dialysate
n=22 Participants
12 micrograms (µg) iron/deciliter (dL) of dialysate during dialysis 3 times/ week
15 µg Iron/dL of Dialysate
n=28 Participants
15 micrograms (µg) iron/deciliter (dL) of dialysate during dialysis 3 times/ week
Change From Baseline in Hemoglobin (Hgb)
-0.177 grams/ deciliter (g/dL)
Standard Deviation 1.1151
0.258 grams/ deciliter (g/dL)
Standard Deviation 1.4643
0.462 grams/ deciliter (g/dL)
Standard Deviation 1.2214
0.173 grams/ deciliter (g/dL)
Standard Deviation 1.5806
-0.018 grams/ deciliter (g/dL)
Standard Deviation 1.2532

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Up to 26 weeks

Population: Modified intent-to-treat population, consisting of all subjects who received any amount of randomized study medication. Because of the small number of patients reaching the endpoint of decrease in Hgb \>= 1.0 g/dL, the Kaplan-Meier analysis could not estimate the number of days for at least one treatment group for the 50th percentile and higher.

Kaplan-Meier Estimate of Time to First Hgb Decrease by \>= 1.0 g/dL

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
0 µg Iron/dL of Dialysate
n=26 Participants
Placebo; 0 micrograms (µg) iron/deciliter (dL) of dialysate during dialysis 3 times/ week
5 µg Iron/dL of Dialysate
n=26 Participants
5 micrograms (µg) iron/deciliter (dL) of dialysate during dialysis 3 times/ week
10 µg Iron/dL of Dialysate
n=29 Participants
10 micrograms (µg) iron/deciliter (dL) of dialysate during dialysis 3 times/ week
12 µg Iron/dL of Dialysate
n=22 Participants
12 micrograms (µg) iron/deciliter (dL) of dialysate during dialysis 3 times/ week
15 µg Iron/dL of Dialysate
n=28 Participants
15 micrograms (µg) iron/deciliter (dL) of dialysate during dialysis 3 times/ week
Time in Days for Hgb to Decrease by a Total of > = 1.0 g/dL From Baseline on Each of Two Successive Measurements in Each Treatment Group.
25th Percentile
115 Days
108 Days
115 Days
150 Days
94 Days
Time in Days for Hgb to Decrease by a Total of > = 1.0 g/dL From Baseline on Each of Two Successive Measurements in Each Treatment Group.
5th Percentile
59 Days
0.3267
24 Days
0.6674
10 Days
0.4402
31 Days
0.3697
31 Days
0.6609
Time in Days for Hgb to Decrease by a Total of > = 1.0 g/dL From Baseline on Each of Two Successive Measurements in Each Treatment Group.
10th Percentile
94 Days
31 Days
106 Days
45 Days
31 Days
Time in Days for Hgb to Decrease by a Total of > = 1.0 g/dL From Baseline on Each of Two Successive Measurements in Each Treatment Group.
15th Percentile
94 Days
66 Days
106 Days
115 Days
38 Days
Time in Days for Hgb to Decrease by a Total of > = 1.0 g/dL From Baseline on Each of Two Successive Measurements in Each Treatment Group.
20th Percentile
115 Days
87 Days
106 Days
115 Days
80 Days

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Every 4 weeks

Population: Modified intent-to-treat population, consisting of all subjects who received any amount of randomized study medication

Efficacy of SFP administration in dialysate solution as measured by Chr values every four weeks, and at the end of the Subject's Treatment (up to 26 weeks).

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
0 µg Iron/dL of Dialysate
n=26 Participants
Placebo; 0 micrograms (µg) iron/deciliter (dL) of dialysate during dialysis 3 times/ week
5 µg Iron/dL of Dialysate
n=26 Participants
5 micrograms (µg) iron/deciliter (dL) of dialysate during dialysis 3 times/ week
10 µg Iron/dL of Dialysate
n=29 Participants
10 micrograms (µg) iron/deciliter (dL) of dialysate during dialysis 3 times/ week
12 µg Iron/dL of Dialysate
n=22 Participants
12 micrograms (µg) iron/deciliter (dL) of dialysate during dialysis 3 times/ week
15 µg Iron/dL of Dialysate
n=28 Participants
15 micrograms (µg) iron/deciliter (dL) of dialysate during dialysis 3 times/ week
Reticulocyte Hemoglobin (CHr) Values Every Four Weeks, and at the End of the Subject's Treatment.
Baseline Reticulocyte Hemoglobin
32.55 pg
Standard Deviation 2.084
32.98 pg
Standard Deviation 1.763
32.86 pg
Standard Deviation 3.192
32.34 pg
Standard Deviation 2.975
32.64 pg
Standard Deviation 1.858
Reticulocyte Hemoglobin (CHr) Values Every Four Weeks, and at the End of the Subject's Treatment.
Reticulocyte Hemoglobin/ Week 1
32.42 pg
Standard Deviation 2.852
32.58 pg
Standard Deviation 1.932
32.69 pg
Standard Deviation 3.019
31.87 pg
Standard Deviation 2.963
32.40 pg
Standard Deviation 2.006
Reticulocyte Hemoglobin (CHr) Values Every Four Weeks, and at the End of the Subject's Treatment.
Reticulocyte Hemoglobin/ Week 4
32.00 pg
Standard Deviation 2.668
32.27 pg
Standard Deviation 2.090
32.69 pg
Standard Deviation 2.931
31.82 pg
Standard Deviation 2.515
32.05 pg
Standard Deviation 1.837
Reticulocyte Hemoglobin (CHr) Values Every Four Weeks, and at the End of the Subject's Treatment.
Reticulocyte Hemoglobin/ Week 8
32.14 pg
Standard Deviation 2.664
32.28 pg
Standard Deviation 2.135
32.75 pg
Standard Deviation 2.985
31.75 pg
Standard Deviation 2.473
32.35 pg
Standard Deviation 1.917
Reticulocyte Hemoglobin (CHr) Values Every Four Weeks, and at the End of the Subject's Treatment.
Reticulocyte Hemoglobin/ Week 12
31.83 pg
Standard Deviation 2.347
32.13 pg
Standard Deviation 1.792
32.78 pg
Standard Deviation 1.560
31.82 pg
Standard Deviation 3.150
32.48 pg
Standard Deviation 1.894
Reticulocyte Hemoglobin (CHr) Values Every Four Weeks, and at the End of the Subject's Treatment.
Reticulocyte Hemoglobin/ Week 16
31.45 pg
Standard Deviation 2.546
31.95 pg
Standard Deviation 1.866
33.05 pg
Standard Deviation 2.396
31.86 pg
Standard Deviation 3.410
32.25 pg
Standard Deviation 2.382
Reticulocyte Hemoglobin (CHr) Values Every Four Weeks, and at the End of the Subject's Treatment.
Reticulocyte Hemoglobin/ Week 20
31.13 pg
Standard Deviation 2.172
31.81 pg
Standard Deviation 1.860
32.81 pg
Standard Deviation 2.328
30.68 pg
Standard Deviation 2.026
31.64 pg
Standard Deviation 1.338
Reticulocyte Hemoglobin (CHr) Values Every Four Weeks, and at the End of the Subject's Treatment.
Reticulocyte Hemoglobin/ Week 24
30.93 pg
Standard Deviation 2.127
31.85 pg
Standard Deviation 1.820
32.08 pg
Standard Deviation 2.680
30.53 pg
Standard Deviation 2.071
31.40 pg
Standard Deviation 1.949
Reticulocyte Hemoglobin (CHr) Values Every Four Weeks, and at the End of the Subject's Treatment.
Reticulocyte Hemoglobin/ Week 26
30.78 pg
Standard Deviation 2.638
31.32 pg
Standard Deviation 2.404
32.20 pg
Standard Deviation 2.372
30.72 pg
Standard Deviation 2.515
30.43 pg
Standard Deviation 2.600
Reticulocyte Hemoglobin (CHr) Values Every Four Weeks, and at the End of the Subject's Treatment.
Reticulocyte Hemoglobin/ End of Trial
30.06 pg
Standard Deviation 1.841
31.50 pg
Standard Deviation 2.348
31.46 pg
Standard Deviation 2.352
30.55 pg
Standard Deviation 2.523
30.11 pg
Standard Deviation 2.361
Reticulocyte Hemoglobin (CHr) Values Every Four Weeks, and at the End of the Subject's Treatment.
Reticulocyte Hemoglobin/ Final Evaluation
31.85 pg
Standard Deviation 2.796
31.68 pg
Standard Deviation 2.386
32.19 pg
Standard Deviation 3.026
31.65 pg
Standard Deviation 3.409
32.13 pg
Standard Deviation 2.246

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: At each dialysis session for up to 26 weeks

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
0 µg Iron/dL of Dialysate
n=26 Participants
Placebo; 0 micrograms (µg) iron/deciliter (dL) of dialysate during dialysis 3 times/ week
5 µg Iron/dL of Dialysate
n=26 Participants
5 micrograms (µg) iron/deciliter (dL) of dialysate during dialysis 3 times/ week
10 µg Iron/dL of Dialysate
n=29 Participants
10 micrograms (µg) iron/deciliter (dL) of dialysate during dialysis 3 times/ week
12 µg Iron/dL of Dialysate
n=22 Participants
12 micrograms (µg) iron/deciliter (dL) of dialysate during dialysis 3 times/ week
15 µg Iron/dL of Dialysate
n=28 Participants
15 micrograms (µg) iron/deciliter (dL) of dialysate during dialysis 3 times/ week
Number of Subjects With Infection Episodes Requiring Antibiotic or Anti-fungal Therapy in Each Treatment Group.
2 Subjects
1 Subjects
2 Subjects
0 Subjects
1 Subjects

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: two separate sessions measured one week apart.

Population: Modified intent-to-treat population, consisting of all subjects who received any amount of randomized study medication

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
0 µg Iron/dL of Dialysate
n=26 Participants
Placebo; 0 micrograms (µg) iron/deciliter (dL) of dialysate during dialysis 3 times/ week
5 µg Iron/dL of Dialysate
n=26 Participants
5 micrograms (µg) iron/deciliter (dL) of dialysate during dialysis 3 times/ week
10 µg Iron/dL of Dialysate
n=29 Participants
10 micrograms (µg) iron/deciliter (dL) of dialysate during dialysis 3 times/ week
12 µg Iron/dL of Dialysate
n=22 Participants
12 micrograms (µg) iron/deciliter (dL) of dialysate during dialysis 3 times/ week
15 µg Iron/dL of Dialysate
n=28 Participants
15 micrograms (µg) iron/deciliter (dL) of dialysate during dialysis 3 times/ week
Number of Subjects With a Rise in Hemoglobin (Hgb) to 12.6 g/dL or More on Two Separate Occasions Measured One Week Apart.
6 Subjects
6 Subjects
Interval 0.33 to 3.17
9 Subjects
Interval 0.67 to 5.32
7 Subjects
Interval 0.48 to 4.22
8 Subjects
Interval 0.43 to 3.6

Adverse Events

0 µg Iron/dL of Dialysate

Serious events: 7 serious events
Other events: 20 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

5 µg Iron/dL of Dialysate

Serious events: 2 serious events
Other events: 17 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

10 µg Iron/dL of Dialysate

Serious events: 5 serious events
Other events: 20 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

12 µg Iron/dL of Dialysate

Serious events: 7 serious events
Other events: 16 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

15 µg Iron/dL of Dialysate

Serious events: 5 serious events
Other events: 17 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Serious adverse events

Serious adverse events
Measure
0 µg Iron/dL of Dialysate
n=26 participants at risk
Placebo; 0 micrograms (µg) iron/deciliter (dL) of dialysate during dialysis 3 times/ week
5 µg Iron/dL of Dialysate
n=26 participants at risk
5 micrograms (µg) iron/deciliter (dL) of dialysate during dialysis 3 times/ week
10 µg Iron/dL of Dialysate
n=29 participants at risk
10 micrograms (µg) iron/deciliter (dL) of dialysate during dialysis 3 times/ week
12 µg Iron/dL of Dialysate
n=22 participants at risk
12 micrograms (µg) iron/deciliter (dL) of dialysate during dialysis 3 times/ week
15 µg Iron/dL of Dialysate
n=28 participants at risk
15 micrograms (µg) iron/deciliter (dL) of dialysate during dialysis 3 times/ week
Cardiac disorders
Angina pectoris
3.8%
1/26 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/26 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/29 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/22 • Up to 26 weeks
3.6%
1/28 • Up to 26 weeks
Cardiac disorders
Bradycardia
0.00%
0/26 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/26 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/29 • Up to 26 weeks
4.5%
1/22 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/28 • Up to 26 weeks
Cardiac disorders
Cardio-respiratory arrest
0.00%
0/26 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/26 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/29 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/22 • Up to 26 weeks
3.6%
1/28 • Up to 26 weeks
Cardiac disorders
Coronary artery disease
0.00%
0/26 • Up to 26 weeks
3.8%
1/26 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/29 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/22 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/28 • Up to 26 weeks
Eye disorders
Eyelid oedema
3.8%
1/26 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/26 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/29 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/22 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/28 • Up to 26 weeks
Gastrointestinal disorders
Gastric ulcer
0.00%
0/26 • Up to 26 weeks
3.8%
1/26 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/29 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/22 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/28 • Up to 26 weeks
Gastrointestinal disorders
Gastrointestinal haemorrhage
0.00%
0/26 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/26 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/29 • Up to 26 weeks
4.5%
1/22 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/28 • Up to 26 weeks
Gastrointestinal disorders
Impaired gastric emptying
0.00%
0/26 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/26 • Up to 26 weeks
3.4%
1/29 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/22 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/28 • Up to 26 weeks
Gastrointestinal disorders
Vomiting
0.00%
0/26 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/26 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/29 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/22 • Up to 26 weeks
3.6%
1/28 • Up to 26 weeks
Hepatobiliary disorders
Hepatic failure
0.00%
0/26 • Up to 26 weeks
3.8%
1/26 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/29 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/22 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/28 • Up to 26 weeks
Infections and infestations
Catheter bacteraemia
3.8%
1/26 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/26 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/29 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/22 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/28 • Up to 26 weeks
Infections and infestations
Cellulitis
3.8%
1/26 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/26 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/29 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/22 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/28 • Up to 26 weeks
Infections and infestations
Clostridium difficile colitis
0.00%
0/26 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/26 • Up to 26 weeks
3.4%
1/29 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/22 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/28 • Up to 26 weeks
Infections and infestations
Cystitis
0.00%
0/26 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/26 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/29 • Up to 26 weeks
4.5%
1/22 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/28 • Up to 26 weeks
Infections and infestations
Necrotising fasciitis
0.00%
0/26 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/26 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/29 • Up to 26 weeks
4.5%
1/22 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/28 • Up to 26 weeks
Infections and infestations
Osteomyelitis
0.00%
0/26 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/26 • Up to 26 weeks
3.4%
1/29 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/22 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/28 • Up to 26 weeks
Infections and infestations
Staphylococcal bacteraemia
0.00%
0/26 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/26 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/29 • Up to 26 weeks
4.5%
1/22 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/28 • Up to 26 weeks
Metabolism and nutrition disorders
Fluid overload
0.00%
0/26 • Up to 26 weeks
3.8%
1/26 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/29 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/22 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/28 • Up to 26 weeks
Neoplasms benign, malignant and unspecified (incl cysts and polyps)
Renal cell carcinoma
3.8%
1/26 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/26 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/29 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/22 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/28 • Up to 26 weeks
Nervous system disorders
Cognitive disorder
3.8%
1/26 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/26 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/29 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/22 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/28 • Up to 26 weeks
Nervous system disorders
Thalamic infarction
0.00%
0/26 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/26 • Up to 26 weeks
3.4%
1/29 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/22 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/28 • Up to 26 weeks
Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
Dyspnoea
0.00%
0/26 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/26 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/29 • Up to 26 weeks
9.1%
2/22 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/28 • Up to 26 weeks
Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
Chronic obstructive pulmonary
0.00%
0/26 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/26 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/29 • Up to 26 weeks
4.5%
1/22 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/28 • Up to 26 weeks
Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
Pleural effusion
0.00%
0/26 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/26 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/29 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/22 • Up to 26 weeks
3.6%
1/28 • Up to 26 weeks
Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
Pulmonary oedema
0.00%
0/26 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/26 • Up to 26 weeks
3.4%
1/29 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/22 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/28 • Up to 26 weeks
Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders
Leukocytoclastic vasculitis
0.00%
0/26 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/26 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/29 • Up to 26 weeks
4.5%
1/22 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/28 • Up to 26 weeks
Vascular disorders
Aortic stenosis
0.00%
0/26 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/26 • Up to 26 weeks
3.4%
1/29 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/22 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/28 • Up to 26 weeks
Vascular disorders
Hypertensive emergency
0.00%
0/26 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/26 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/29 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/22 • Up to 26 weeks
3.6%
1/28 • Up to 26 weeks
Injury, poisoning and procedural complications
Graft dysfunction
3.8%
1/26 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/26 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/29 • Up to 26 weeks
4.5%
1/22 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/28 • Up to 26 weeks

Other adverse events

Other adverse events
Measure
0 µg Iron/dL of Dialysate
n=26 participants at risk
Placebo; 0 micrograms (µg) iron/deciliter (dL) of dialysate during dialysis 3 times/ week
5 µg Iron/dL of Dialysate
n=26 participants at risk
5 micrograms (µg) iron/deciliter (dL) of dialysate during dialysis 3 times/ week
10 µg Iron/dL of Dialysate
n=29 participants at risk
10 micrograms (µg) iron/deciliter (dL) of dialysate during dialysis 3 times/ week
12 µg Iron/dL of Dialysate
n=22 participants at risk
12 micrograms (µg) iron/deciliter (dL) of dialysate during dialysis 3 times/ week
15 µg Iron/dL of Dialysate
n=28 participants at risk
15 micrograms (µg) iron/deciliter (dL) of dialysate during dialysis 3 times/ week
Cardiac disorders
Tachycardia
0.00%
0/26 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/26 • Up to 26 weeks
3.4%
1/29 • Up to 26 weeks
4.5%
1/22 • Up to 26 weeks
3.6%
1/28 • Up to 26 weeks
Gastrointestinal disorders
Diarrhoea
11.5%
3/26 • Up to 26 weeks
11.5%
3/26 • Up to 26 weeks
24.1%
7/29 • Up to 26 weeks
9.1%
2/22 • Up to 26 weeks
14.3%
4/28 • Up to 26 weeks
Gastrointestinal disorders
Nausea
15.4%
4/26 • Up to 26 weeks
11.5%
3/26 • Up to 26 weeks
6.9%
2/29 • Up to 26 weeks
27.3%
6/22 • Up to 26 weeks
14.3%
4/28 • Up to 26 weeks
Gastrointestinal disorders
Vomiting
11.5%
3/26 • Up to 26 weeks
11.5%
3/26 • Up to 26 weeks
6.9%
2/29 • Up to 26 weeks
18.2%
4/22 • Up to 26 weeks
3.6%
1/28 • Up to 26 weeks
Gastrointestinal disorders
Constipation
7.7%
2/26 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/26 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/29 • Up to 26 weeks
9.1%
2/22 • Up to 26 weeks
7.1%
2/28 • Up to 26 weeks
Gastrointestinal disorders
Abdominal pain upper
3.8%
1/26 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/26 • Up to 26 weeks
6.9%
2/29 • Up to 26 weeks
4.5%
1/22 • Up to 26 weeks
3.6%
1/28 • Up to 26 weeks
Gastrointestinal disorders
Dysphagia
0.00%
0/26 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/26 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/29 • Up to 26 weeks
9.1%
2/22 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/28 • Up to 26 weeks
Gastrointestinal disorders
Toothache
3.8%
1/26 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/26 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/29 • Up to 26 weeks
4.5%
1/22 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/28 • Up to 26 weeks
General disorders
Pyrexia
3.8%
1/26 • Up to 26 weeks
11.5%
3/26 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/29 • Up to 26 weeks
9.1%
2/22 • Up to 26 weeks
3.6%
1/28 • Up to 26 weeks
General disorders
Oedema peripheral
19.2%
5/26 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/26 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/29 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/22 • Up to 26 weeks
3.6%
1/28 • Up to 26 weeks
General disorders
Fatigue
7.7%
2/26 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/26 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/29 • Up to 26 weeks
4.5%
1/22 • Up to 26 weeks
3.6%
1/28 • Up to 26 weeks
General disorders
Non-cardiac chest pain
3.8%
1/26 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/26 • Up to 26 weeks
3.4%
1/29 • Up to 26 weeks
4.5%
1/22 • Up to 26 weeks
3.6%
1/28 • Up to 26 weeks
General disorders
Asthenia
7.7%
2/26 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/26 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/29 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/22 • Up to 26 weeks
3.6%
1/28 • Up to 26 weeks
General disorders
Chest discomfort
3.8%
1/26 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/26 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/29 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/22 • Up to 26 weeks
3.6%
1/28 • Up to 26 weeks
General disorders
Chest pain
0.00%
0/26 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/26 • Up to 26 weeks
3.4%
1/29 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/22 • Up to 26 weeks
3.6%
1/28 • Up to 26 weeks
General disorders
Chills
0.00%
0/26 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/26 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/29 • Up to 26 weeks
9.1%
2/22 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/28 • Up to 26 weeks
General disorders
Feeling hot
0.00%
0/26 • Up to 26 weeks
3.8%
1/26 • Up to 26 weeks
3.4%
1/29 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/22 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/28 • Up to 26 weeks
Immune system disorders
Seasonal allergy
3.8%
1/26 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/26 • Up to 26 weeks
3.4%
1/29 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/22 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/28 • Up to 26 weeks
Infections and infestations
Upper respiratory tract infection
0.00%
0/26 • Up to 26 weeks
3.8%
1/26 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/29 • Up to 26 weeks
13.6%
3/22 • Up to 26 weeks
3.6%
1/28 • Up to 26 weeks
Infections and infestations
Bacteraemia
3.8%
1/26 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/26 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/29 • Up to 26 weeks
4.5%
1/22 • Up to 26 weeks
7.1%
2/28 • Up to 26 weeks
Infections and infestations
Bronchitis
0.00%
0/26 • Up to 26 weeks
7.7%
2/26 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/29 • Up to 26 weeks
4.5%
1/22 • Up to 26 weeks
3.6%
1/28 • Up to 26 weeks
Infections and infestations
Cellulitis
0.00%
0/26 • Up to 26 weeks
11.5%
3/26 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/29 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/22 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/28 • Up to 26 weeks
Infections and infestations
Nasopharyngitis
0.00%
0/26 • Up to 26 weeks
3.8%
1/26 • Up to 26 weeks
3.4%
1/29 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/22 • Up to 26 weeks
3.6%
1/28 • Up to 26 weeks
Infections and infestations
Urinary tract infection
3.8%
1/26 • Up to 26 weeks
3.8%
1/26 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/29 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/22 • Up to 26 weeks
3.6%
1/28 • Up to 26 weeks
Infections and infestations
Wound infection
0.00%
0/26 • Up to 26 weeks
3.8%
1/26 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/29 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/22 • Up to 26 weeks
3.6%
1/28 • Up to 26 weeks
Injury, poisoning and procedural complications
Procedural hypotension
7.7%
2/26 • Up to 26 weeks
15.4%
4/26 • Up to 26 weeks
17.2%
5/29 • Up to 26 weeks
9.1%
2/22 • Up to 26 weeks
14.3%
4/28 • Up to 26 weeks
Injury, poisoning and procedural complications
Thrombosis in device
3.8%
1/26 • Up to 26 weeks
3.8%
1/26 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/29 • Up to 26 weeks
9.1%
2/22 • Up to 26 weeks
3.6%
1/28 • Up to 26 weeks
Injury, poisoning and procedural complications
Vascular graft complication
7.7%
2/26 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/26 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/29 • Up to 26 weeks
4.5%
1/22 • Up to 26 weeks
3.6%
1/28 • Up to 26 weeks
Injury, poisoning and procedural complications
Arteriovenous fistula occlusion
0.00%
0/26 • Up to 26 weeks
3.8%
1/26 • Up to 26 weeks
3.4%
1/29 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/22 • Up to 26 weeks
3.6%
1/28 • Up to 26 weeks
Infections and infestations
Contusion
0.00%
0/26 • Up to 26 weeks
3.8%
1/26 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/29 • Up to 26 weeks
4.5%
1/22 • Up to 26 weeks
3.6%
1/28 • Up to 26 weeks
Injury, poisoning and procedural complications
Procedural hypertension
0.00%
0/26 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/26 • Up to 26 weeks
10.3%
3/29 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/22 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/28 • Up to 26 weeks
Injury, poisoning and procedural complications
Thermal burn
0.00%
0/26 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/26 • Up to 26 weeks
10.3%
3/29 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/22 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/28 • Up to 26 weeks
Injury, poisoning and procedural complications
Excoriation
3.8%
1/26 • Up to 26 weeks
3.8%
1/26 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/29 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/22 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/28 • Up to 26 weeks
Injury, poisoning and procedural complications
Fall
0.00%
0/26 • Up to 26 weeks
3.8%
1/26 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/29 • Up to 26 weeks
4.5%
1/22 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/28 • Up to 26 weeks
Injury, poisoning and procedural complications
Procedural pain
3.8%
1/26 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/26 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/29 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/22 • Up to 26 weeks
3.6%
1/28 • Up to 26 weeks
Injury, poisoning and procedural complications
Skin laceration
3.8%
1/26 • Up to 26 weeks
3.8%
1/26 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/29 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/22 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/28 • Up to 26 weeks
Injury, poisoning and procedural complications
Wound
3.8%
1/26 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/26 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/29 • Up to 26 weeks
4.5%
1/22 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/28 • Up to 26 weeks
Investigations
Serum ferritin increased
3.8%
1/26 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/26 • Up to 26 weeks
3.4%
1/29 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/22 • Up to 26 weeks
3.6%
1/28 • Up to 26 weeks
Investigations
Blood iron decreased
0.00%
0/26 • Up to 26 weeks
3.8%
1/26 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/29 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/22 • Up to 26 weeks
3.6%
1/28 • Up to 26 weeks
Investigations
Iron binding capacity unsaturated decreased
0.00%
0/26 • Up to 26 weeks
3.8%
1/26 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/29 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/22 • Up to 26 weeks
3.6%
1/28 • Up to 26 weeks
Metabolism and nutrition disorders
Hyperglycaemia
3.8%
1/26 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/26 • Up to 26 weeks
3.4%
1/29 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/22 • Up to 26 weeks
3.6%
1/28 • Up to 26 weeks
Metabolism and nutrition disorders
Decreased appetite
3.8%
1/26 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/26 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/29 • Up to 26 weeks
4.5%
1/22 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/28 • Up to 26 weeks
Metabolism and nutrition disorders
Gout
0.00%
0/26 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/26 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/29 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/22 • Up to 26 weeks
7.1%
2/28 • Up to 26 weeks
Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
Muscle spasms
15.4%
4/26 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/26 • Up to 26 weeks
13.8%
4/29 • Up to 26 weeks
13.6%
3/22 • Up to 26 weeks
3.6%
1/28 • Up to 26 weeks
Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
Pain in extremity
11.5%
3/26 • Up to 26 weeks
7.7%
2/26 • Up to 26 weeks
3.4%
1/29 • Up to 26 weeks
9.1%
2/22 • Up to 26 weeks
10.7%
3/28 • Up to 26 weeks
Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
Arthralgia
3.8%
1/26 • Up to 26 weeks
7.7%
2/26 • Up to 26 weeks
6.9%
2/29 • Up to 26 weeks
4.5%
1/22 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/28 • Up to 26 weeks
Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
Back pain
7.7%
2/26 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/26 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/29 • Up to 26 weeks
4.5%
1/22 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/28 • Up to 26 weeks
Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
Musculoskeletal pain
7.7%
2/26 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/26 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/29 • Up to 26 weeks
4.5%
1/22 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/28 • Up to 26 weeks
Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
Muscular weakness
0.00%
0/26 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/26 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/29 • Up to 26 weeks
9.1%
2/22 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/28 • Up to 26 weeks
Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
Neck pain
7.7%
2/26 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/26 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/29 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/22 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/28 • Up to 26 weeks
Nervous system disorders
Headache
19.2%
5/26 • Up to 26 weeks
7.7%
2/26 • Up to 26 weeks
17.2%
5/29 • Up to 26 weeks
13.6%
3/22 • Up to 26 weeks
7.1%
2/28 • Up to 26 weeks
Nervous system disorders
Dizziness
7.7%
2/26 • Up to 26 weeks
11.5%
3/26 • Up to 26 weeks
13.8%
4/29 • Up to 26 weeks
4.5%
1/22 • Up to 26 weeks
7.1%
2/28 • Up to 26 weeks
Psychiatric disorders
Insomnia
3.8%
1/26 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/26 • Up to 26 weeks
3.4%
1/29 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/22 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/28 • Up to 26 weeks
Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
Dyspnoea
11.5%
3/26 • Up to 26 weeks
3.8%
1/26 • Up to 26 weeks
10.3%
3/29 • Up to 26 weeks
18.2%
4/22 • Up to 26 weeks
7.1%
2/28 • Up to 26 weeks
Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
Pharyngolaryngeal pain
11.5%
3/26 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/26 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/29 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/22 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/28 • Up to 26 weeks
Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
Wheezing
3.8%
1/26 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/26 • Up to 26 weeks
3.4%
1/29 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/22 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/28 • Up to 26 weeks
Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders
Pruritus
0.00%
0/26 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/26 • Up to 26 weeks
3.4%
1/29 • Up to 26 weeks
4.5%
1/22 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/28 • Up to 26 weeks
Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders
Skin ulcer
0.00%
0/26 • Up to 26 weeks
3.8%
1/26 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/29 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/22 • Up to 26 weeks
3.6%
1/28 • Up to 26 weeks
Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders
Swelling face
3.8%
1/26 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/26 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/29 • Up to 26 weeks
4.5%
1/22 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/28 • Up to 26 weeks
Vascular disorders
Hypertension
0.00%
0/26 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/26 • Up to 26 weeks
6.9%
2/29 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/22 • Up to 26 weeks
3.6%
1/28 • Up to 26 weeks
Vascular disorders
Hypotension
3.8%
1/26 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/26 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/29 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/22 • Up to 26 weeks
3.6%
1/28 • Up to 26 weeks
Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders
Rash
0.00%
0/26 • Up to 26 weeks
3.8%
1/26 • Up to 26 weeks
3.4%
1/29 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/22 • Up to 26 weeks
0.00%
0/28 • Up to 26 weeks

Additional Information

Richard C. Yocum, MD

Rockwell Medical

Phone: 858-229-8585

Results disclosure agreements

  • Principal investigator is a sponsor employee
  • Publication restrictions are in place