Trial Outcomes & Findings for Erythropoetin Neuroprotection for Neonatal Cardiac Surgery (NCT NCT00513240)

NCT ID: NCT00513240

Last Updated: 2020-02-07

Results Overview

TMS is a measure of developmental maturity of the brain as assessed from T1 and T2-weighted images, grading myelination, cortical infolding, involution of the germinal matrix, and presence of bands of migrating glial cells. The brain MRIs were reviewed for infarction, hemorrhage, white matter injury (WMI), or dural sinovenous thrombosis (DVST). Injuries in each category are scored 0 for none, 1 for mild, 2 for moderate, 3 for severe. The score in each category is then multiplied by a proposed outcome significance multiplier. A total injury score of 0 signifies no injury, 1-5 a mild injury, 6-10 a moderate injury, and \>10 a severe injury. Range of scores is 0 - 51. Lower scores indicate less injury. The results present the relative difference of this score between the pre- and post-operative MRI. This was calculated as ((Post-operative MRI TMS - Pre-operative MRI TMS) / (Absolute(Pre-operative MRI TMS)) ). The proportion is then converted into a percentage.

Recruitment status

COMPLETED

Study phase

PHASE1/PHASE2

Target enrollment

62 participants

Primary outcome timeframe

7 days postoperatively.

Results posted on

2020-02-07

Participant Flow

Subjects recruited from September 2006 to February 2011 in the Texas Children's Hospital Heart Center NICU and CVICU.

357 assessed for eligibility; 253 did not meet inclusion criteria. 42 subjects that eligible but consent not obtained (24 declined, 2 enrolled in another study, 16 investigator not available for consent or patient lived too far away). 62 consented, enrolled, received 1 dose EPO, but intended surgery not done on 3 subjects (no CPB); leaving 59.

Participant milestones

Participant milestones
Measure
EPO Group
Patients randomized to receive the 3 doses of erythropoetin. Erythropoetin: Erythropoetin 500 units/kg IV x 3 : dose 1. 12-72 hours preoperatively, dose 2. Postoperative day #1, 48 hours after separating from cardiopulmonary bypass, and dose 3. postoperative day #3, 48 hours after dose #2
Control Group.
Patients randomized to receive 3 doses of normal saline control. Normal saline: Normal saline placebo in 3 doses:dose 1. 12-72 hours preoperatively, dose 2. Postoperative day #1, 48 hours after separating from cardiopulmonary bypass, and dose 3. postoperative day #3, 48 hours after dose #2. .
Overall Study
STARTED
35
27
Overall Study
Clinical Data Collection &Pre/Postop MRI
32
27
Overall Study
COMPLETED
22
20
Overall Study
NOT COMPLETED
13
7

Reasons for withdrawal

Reasons for withdrawal
Measure
EPO Group
Patients randomized to receive the 3 doses of erythropoetin. Erythropoetin: Erythropoetin 500 units/kg IV x 3 : dose 1. 12-72 hours preoperatively, dose 2. Postoperative day #1, 48 hours after separating from cardiopulmonary bypass, and dose 3. postoperative day #3, 48 hours after dose #2
Control Group.
Patients randomized to receive 3 doses of normal saline control. Normal saline: Normal saline placebo in 3 doses:dose 1. 12-72 hours preoperatively, dose 2. Postoperative day #1, 48 hours after separating from cardiopulmonary bypass, and dose 3. postoperative day #3, 48 hours after dose #2. .
Overall Study
Did not have intended surgery
3
0
Overall Study
Death
3
3
Overall Study
Withdrawal by Subject
7
4

Baseline Characteristics

Erythropoetin Neuroprotection for Neonatal Cardiac Surgery

Baseline characteristics by cohort

Baseline characteristics by cohort
Measure
EPO Group
n=32 Participants
Patients randomized to receive the 3 doses of erythropoetin. Erythropoetin: Erythropoetin 500 units/kg IV x 3 : dose 1. 12-72 hours preoperatively, dose 2. Postoperative day #1, 48 hours after separating from cardiopulmonary bypass, and dose 3. postoperative day #3, 48 hours after dose #2
Control Group.
n=27 Participants
Patients randomized to receive 3 doses of normal saline control. Normal saline: Normal saline placebo in 3 doses:dose 1. 12-72 hours preoperatively, dose 2. Postoperative day #1, 48 hours after separating from cardiopulmonary bypass, and dose 3. postoperative day #3, 48 hours after dose #2. .
Total
n=59 Participants
Total of all reporting groups
Age, Continuous
8.94 days
STANDARD_DEVIATION 5.35 • n=5 Participants
8.12 days
STANDARD_DEVIATION 4.09 • n=7 Participants
8.58 days
STANDARD_DEVIATION 4.85 • n=5 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Female
16 Participants
n=5 Participants
11 Participants
n=7 Participants
27 Participants
n=5 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Male
16 Participants
n=5 Participants
16 Participants
n=7 Participants
32 Participants
n=5 Participants
Cardiac diagnosis
Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome (HLHS)
16 participants
n=5 Participants
10 participants
n=7 Participants
26 participants
n=5 Participants
Cardiac diagnosis
(D-Transposition of the Great Arteries (D-TGA)
9 participants
n=5 Participants
12 participants
n=7 Participants
21 participants
n=5 Participants
Cardiac diagnosis
Aortic Arch & Ventricular Septal Defect/Other
7 participants
n=5 Participants
5 participants
n=7 Participants
12 participants
n=5 Participants
Any preoperative MRI injury
Injury
13 participants
n=5 Participants
9 participants
n=7 Participants
22 participants
n=5 Participants
Any preoperative MRI injury
No Injury
19 participants
n=5 Participants
18 participants
n=7 Participants
37 participants
n=5 Participants
New postoperative MRI injury
Injury
13 participants
n=5 Participants
13 participants
n=7 Participants
26 participants
n=5 Participants
New postoperative MRI injury
No Injury
19 participants
n=5 Participants
14 participants
n=7 Participants
33 participants
n=5 Participants

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: 7 days postoperatively.

Population: Preoperative and postoperative MRIs were available to be scored on 33 subjects.

TMS is a measure of developmental maturity of the brain as assessed from T1 and T2-weighted images, grading myelination, cortical infolding, involution of the germinal matrix, and presence of bands of migrating glial cells. The brain MRIs were reviewed for infarction, hemorrhage, white matter injury (WMI), or dural sinovenous thrombosis (DVST). Injuries in each category are scored 0 for none, 1 for mild, 2 for moderate, 3 for severe. The score in each category is then multiplied by a proposed outcome significance multiplier. A total injury score of 0 signifies no injury, 1-5 a mild injury, 6-10 a moderate injury, and \>10 a severe injury. Range of scores is 0 - 51. Lower scores indicate less injury. The results present the relative difference of this score between the pre- and post-operative MRI. This was calculated as ((Post-operative MRI TMS - Pre-operative MRI TMS) / (Absolute(Pre-operative MRI TMS)) ). The proportion is then converted into a percentage.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
EPO Group
n=17 Participants
Patients randomized to receive the 3 doses of erythropoetin. Erythropoetin: Erythropoetin 500 units/kg IV x 3 : dose 1. 12-72 hours preoperatively, dose 2. Postoperative day #1, 48 hours after separating from cardiopulmonary bypass, and dose 3. postoperative day #3, 48 hours after dose #2
Placebo Group
n=16 Participants
Patients randomized to receive 3 doses of normal saline control. Normal saline: Normal saline placebo in 3 doses:dose 1. 12-72 hours preoperatively, dose 2. Postoperative day #1, 48 hours after separating from cardiopulmonary bypass, and dose 3. postoperative day #3, 48 hours after dose #2. .
Placebo
Normal saline control
Relative Difference in Total Maturity Score (TMS) From Preoperative Brain MRI to 7 Day Postoperative MRI
12.1 Percentage
Interval 0.0 to 37.5
9.44 Percentage
Interval 0.0 to 30.0

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: 1 year postoperatively

3 domains of the Bayley Scales of Infant Development III: Cognitive, Language and Motor Minimum score = 45, maximum score = 155; Population mean = 100, SD = 15; Higher scores are indicative of better outcomes Language scores are reflective of receptive communication and expressive communication subscales. Motor scores are reflective of fine motor and gross motor subscales.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
EPO Group
n=11 Participants
Patients randomized to receive the 3 doses of erythropoetin. Erythropoetin: Erythropoetin 500 units/kg IV x 3 : dose 1. 12-72 hours preoperatively, dose 2. Postoperative day #1, 48 hours after separating from cardiopulmonary bypass, and dose 3. postoperative day #3, 48 hours after dose #2
Placebo Group
n=11 Participants
Patients randomized to receive 3 doses of normal saline control. Normal saline: Normal saline placebo in 3 doses:dose 1. 12-72 hours preoperatively, dose 2. Postoperative day #1, 48 hours after separating from cardiopulmonary bypass, and dose 3. postoperative day #3, 48 hours after dose #2. .
Placebo
n=20 Participants
Normal saline control
Scores on Bayley Scales of Infant Development III at Age 1 Years.
12-Month BSID-III Cognitive
101.4 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 16.9
100.9 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 10.2
106.3 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 10.7
Scores on Bayley Scales of Infant Development III at Age 1 Years.
12-Month BSID-III Language
85.0 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 16.3
92.0 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 7.3
92.4 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 12.4
Scores on Bayley Scales of Infant Development III at Age 1 Years.
12-Month BSID-III Motor
89.3 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 15.7
90.5 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 8.6
92.6 units on a scale
Standard Deviation 14.1

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: 72 hours postoperatively.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
EPO Group
n=32 Participants
Patients randomized to receive the 3 doses of erythropoetin. Erythropoetin: Erythropoetin 500 units/kg IV x 3 : dose 1. 12-72 hours preoperatively, dose 2. Postoperative day #1, 48 hours after separating from cardiopulmonary bypass, and dose 3. postoperative day #3, 48 hours after dose #2
Placebo Group
n=27 Participants
Patients randomized to receive 3 doses of normal saline control. Normal saline: Normal saline placebo in 3 doses:dose 1. 12-72 hours preoperatively, dose 2. Postoperative day #1, 48 hours after separating from cardiopulmonary bypass, and dose 3. postoperative day #3, 48 hours after dose #2. .
Placebo
Normal saline control
EEG Seizure Burden in the First 72 Postoperative Hours. (Total Minutes of EEG Seizures).
0 minutes
Interval 0.0 to 0.0
0 minutes
Interval 0.0 to 0.0

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: 24 hours after first EPO dose.

Population: Three patients had pharmacokinetic data obtained; 1 placebo and 2 patients who received EPO 1000 units/kg. Pharmacokinetic modeling was not performed because of these small patient numbers; however, maximum EPO plasma concentrations were measured in the EPO group. Outcome does not apply to the Placebo group and as such they were not analyzed.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
EPO Group
n=2 Participants
Patients randomized to receive the 3 doses of erythropoetin. Erythropoetin: Erythropoetin 500 units/kg IV x 3 : dose 1. 12-72 hours preoperatively, dose 2. Postoperative day #1, 48 hours after separating from cardiopulmonary bypass, and dose 3. postoperative day #3, 48 hours after dose #2
Placebo Group
Patients randomized to receive 3 doses of normal saline control. Normal saline: Normal saline placebo in 3 doses:dose 1. 12-72 hours preoperatively, dose 2. Postoperative day #1, 48 hours after separating from cardiopulmonary bypass, and dose 3. postoperative day #3, 48 hours after dose #2. .
Placebo
Normal saline control
Pharmacokinetics of High Dose Erythropoetin: 7 Erythropoetin Levels in First 24 Hours After First Dose (Maximum EPO Plasma Concentration)
6931 mIU/mL
Interval 5447.0 to 8415.0

Adverse Events

EPO Group

Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 4 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Control Group.

Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 3 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Serious adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Other adverse events

Other adverse events
Measure
EPO Group
n=35 participants at risk
Patients randomized to receive the 3 doses of erythropoetin. Erythropoetin: Erythropoetin 500 units/kg IV x 3 : dose 1. 12-72 hours preoperatively, dose 2. Postoperative day #1, 48 hours after separating from cardiopulmonary bypass, and dose 3. postoperative day #3, 48 hours after dose #2
Control Group.
n=27 participants at risk
Patients randomized to receive 3 doses of normal saline control. Normal saline: Normal saline placebo in 3 doses:dose 1. 12-72 hours preoperatively, dose 2. Postoperative day #1, 48 hours after separating from cardiopulmonary bypass, and dose 3. postoperative day #3, 48 hours after dose #2. .
Nervous system disorders
Postoperative dural sinovenous thrombosis
8.6%
3/35 • Number of events 3
11.1%
3/27 • Number of events 3
Nervous system disorders
Clinical seizures
2.9%
1/35 • Number of events 1
0.00%
0/27
Nervous system disorders
New cerebral infarction adjacent to thrombosis on postop MRI
2.9%
1/35 • Number of events 1
0.00%
0/27
Cardiac disorders
Postop ECMO
2.9%
1/35 • Number of events 1
0.00%
0/27

Additional Information

Dr. Dean B. Andropoulos

Baylor College of Medicine

Phone: 832-826-5831

Results disclosure agreements

  • Principal investigator is a sponsor employee
  • Publication restrictions are in place