Trial Outcomes & Findings for Use of an Herbal Preparation to Prevent and Dissolve Kidney Stones (NCT NCT00381849)

NCT ID: NCT00381849

Last Updated: 2016-02-04

Results Overview

Urine is often supersaturated, which favors precipitation of crystalline phases such as calcium oxalate. However, crystals do not always form in supersaturated urine because supersaturation is balanced by crystallization inhibitors that are also present. Supersaturation is calculated by measuring the concentration of all the ions that can interact. Once these concentrations are known, a computer program can calculate the theoretical supersaturation with respect to the important crystalline phases, eg, calcium oxalate.

Recruitment status

COMPLETED

Study phase

PHASE1/PHASE2

Target enrollment

20 participants

Primary outcome timeframe

baseline, after 6 weeks treatment on placebo, after 6 weeks treatment on cystone, at end of 46 weeks of open label cystone treatment

Results posted on

2016-02-04

Participant Flow

Patients with recurring and analytically confirmed kidney stones were recruited from the Mayo Stone Clinic in Rochester, MN.

Participant milestones

Participant milestones
Measure
Calcium Stone Subjects
Subjects with confirmed calcium kidney stone(s)
Cystine Stone Subjects
Subjects with confirmed cystine kidney stone(s)
First Intervention
STARTED
10
10
First Intervention
COMPLETED
10
10
First Intervention
NOT COMPLETED
0
0
Wash Out
STARTED
10
10
Wash Out
COMPLETED
10
9
Wash Out
NOT COMPLETED
0
1
Second Intervention
STARTED
10
9
Second Intervention
COMPLETED
10
9
Second Intervention
NOT COMPLETED
0
0
Open-label
STARTED
10
9
Open-label
COMPLETED
10
9
Open-label
NOT COMPLETED
0
0

Reasons for withdrawal

Reasons for withdrawal
Measure
Calcium Stone Subjects
Subjects with confirmed calcium kidney stone(s)
Cystine Stone Subjects
Subjects with confirmed cystine kidney stone(s)
Wash Out
Withdrawal by Subject
0
1

Baseline Characteristics

Use of an Herbal Preparation to Prevent and Dissolve Kidney Stones

Baseline characteristics by cohort

Baseline characteristics by cohort
Measure
Calcium Stone Subjects
n=10 Participants
Subjects with confirmed calcium kidney stone(s)
Cystine Stone Subjects
n=10 Participants
Subjects with confirmed cystine kidney stone(s)
Total
n=20 Participants
Total of all reporting groups
Age, Categorical
<=18 years
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
Age, Categorical
Between 18 and 65 years
8 Participants
n=5 Participants
9 Participants
n=7 Participants
17 Participants
n=5 Participants
Age, Categorical
>=65 years
2 Participants
n=5 Participants
1 Participants
n=7 Participants
3 Participants
n=5 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Female
6 Participants
n=5 Participants
4 Participants
n=7 Participants
10 Participants
n=5 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Male
4 Participants
n=5 Participants
6 Participants
n=7 Participants
10 Participants
n=5 Participants
Region of Enrollment
United States
10 participants
n=5 Participants
10 participants
n=7 Participants
20 participants
n=5 Participants

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: baseline, after 6 weeks treatment on placebo, after 6 weeks treatment on cystone, at end of 46 weeks of open label cystone treatment

Population: CaOx was not analyzed for the Cystine Stone subjects.

Urine is often supersaturated, which favors precipitation of crystalline phases such as calcium oxalate. However, crystals do not always form in supersaturated urine because supersaturation is balanced by crystallization inhibitors that are also present. Supersaturation is calculated by measuring the concentration of all the ions that can interact. Once these concentrations are known, a computer program can calculate the theoretical supersaturation with respect to the important crystalline phases, eg, calcium oxalate.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Calcium Stone Subjects
n=10 Participants
Subjects with confirmed calcium kidney stone(s)
Cystine Stone Subjects
Subjects with confirmed cystine kidney stone(s)
24 Hour Urine Supersaturation of Calcium Oxalate (CaOx)
CaOx at Baseline
1.83 KJoules/mol
Standard Deviation 0.28
24 Hour Urine Supersaturation of Calcium Oxalate (CaOx)
CaOx after placebo (6 wks)
1.83 KJoules/mol
Standard Deviation 0.42
24 Hour Urine Supersaturation of Calcium Oxalate (CaOx)
CaOx after Cystone (6 wks)
1.87 KJoules/mol
Standard Deviation 0.43
24 Hour Urine Supersaturation of Calcium Oxalate (CaOx)
CaOx at end of Cystone (46 weeks)
1.78 KJoules/mol
Standard Deviation 0.47

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: baseline, after 6 weeks treatment on placebo, after 6 weeks treatment on cystone, at end of 46 weeks of open label cystone treatment

Population: Brushite was not analyzed for the Cystine Stone subjects.

Urine is often supersaturated, which favors precipitation of crystalline phases such as calcium oxalate. However, crystals do not always form in supersaturated urine because supersaturation is balanced by crystallization inhibitors that are also present. Supersaturation is calculated by measuring the concentration of all the ions that can interact. Once these concentrations are known, a computer program can calculate the theoretical supersaturation with respect to the important crystalline phases, eg, calcium oxalate.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Calcium Stone Subjects
n=10 Participants
Subjects with confirmed calcium kidney stone(s)
Cystine Stone Subjects
Subjects with confirmed cystine kidney stone(s)
24 Hour Urine Supersaturation of Calcium Phosphate (Brushite)
Brushite at Baseline
0.35 KJoules/mol
Standard Deviation 1.04
24 Hour Urine Supersaturation of Calcium Phosphate (Brushite)
Brushite after placebo (6 wks)
0.73 KJoules/mol
Standard Deviation 0.83
24 Hour Urine Supersaturation of Calcium Phosphate (Brushite)
Brushite after Cystone (6 wks)
0.38 KJoules/mol
Standard Deviation 0.98
24 Hour Urine Supersaturation of Calcium Phosphate (Brushite)
Brushite at end of Cystone (46 weeks)
0.09 KJoules/mol
Standard Deviation 1.29

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: baseline, after 6 weeks treatment on placebo, after 6 weeks treatment on cystone, at end of 46 weeks of open label cystone treatment

Population: Hydroxyapatite was not analyzed for the Cystine Stone subjects.

Urine is often supersaturated, which favors precipitation of crystalline phases such as calcium oxalate. However, crystals do not always form in supersaturated urine because supersaturation is balanced by crystallization inhibitors that are also present. Supersaturation is calculated by measuring the concentration of all the ions that can interact. Once these concentrations are known, a computer program can calculate the theoretical supersaturation with respect to the important crystalline phases, eg, calcium oxalate.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Calcium Stone Subjects
n=10 Participants
Subjects with confirmed calcium kidney stone(s)
Cystine Stone Subjects
Subjects with confirmed cystine kidney stone(s)
24 Hour Urine Supersaturation of Calcium Phosphate (Hydroxyapatite)
Hydroxyapatite at Baseline
4.25 KJoules/mol
Standard Deviation 2.02
24 Hour Urine Supersaturation of Calcium Phosphate (Hydroxyapatite)
Hydroxyapatite after placebo (6 wks)
5.03 KJoules/mol
Standard Deviation 1.23
24 Hour Urine Supersaturation of Calcium Phosphate (Hydroxyapatite)
Hydroxyapatite after Cystone (6 wks)
4.65 KJoules/mol
Standard Deviation 1.86
24 Hour Urine Supersaturation of Calcium Phosphate (Hydroxyapatite)
Hydroxyapatite at end of Cystone (46 weeks)
4.09 KJoules/mol
Standard Deviation 2.06

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: baseline, after 6 weeks treatment on placebo, after 6 weeks treatment on cystone, at end of 46 weeks of open label cystone treatment

Population: Cystine excretion was not applicable to the Calcium Stone subjects.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Calcium Stone Subjects
Subjects with confirmed calcium kidney stone(s)
Cystine Stone Subjects
n=10 Participants
Subjects with confirmed cystine kidney stone(s)
24 Hour Urinary Cystine Excretion
Cystine at Baseline
2770 mcmol/24 hours
Standard Deviation 947
24 Hour Urinary Cystine Excretion
Cystine after placebo (6 wks)
3183 mcmol/24 hours
Standard Deviation 1898
24 Hour Urinary Cystine Excretion
Cystine after Cystone (6 wks)
2948 mcmol/24 hours
Standard Deviation 2021
24 Hour Urinary Cystine Excretion
Cystine at end of Cystone (46 weeks)
4140 mcmol/24 hours
Standard Deviation 2398

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline, approximately 52 weeks after baseline

Population: One subject was excluded from CT analysis because of bilateral stone removal surgery during the study

Agatston results are a measure of calcium typically used for measuring coronary artery calcification.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Calcium Stone Subjects
n=9 Participants
Subjects with confirmed calcium kidney stone(s)
Cystine Stone Subjects
n=10 Participants
Subjects with confirmed cystine kidney stone(s)
Stone Density as Measured by Agatston Score Via Computerized Tomography
Baseline Right Kidney Agatston Score
49.75 Agatston Score
Standard Deviation 60.24
2,107 Agatston Score
Standard Deviation 4,417
Stone Density as Measured by Agatston Score Via Computerized Tomography
52 week Right Kidney Agatston Score
56.13 Agatston Score
Standard Deviation 74.23
2,183 Agatston Score
Standard Deviation 4,157
Stone Density as Measured by Agatston Score Via Computerized Tomography
Baseline Left Kidney Agatston Score
166.13 Agatston Score
Standard Deviation 143.16
383 Agatston Score
Standard Deviation 560
Stone Density as Measured by Agatston Score Via Computerized Tomography
52 week Left Kidney Agatston Score
247.71 Agatston Score
Standard Deviation 371.46
1,801 Agatston Score
Standard Deviation 2,741

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline, approximately 52 weeks after baseline

Population: One subject was excluded from CT analysis because of bilateral stone removal surgery during the study.

Measurement of kidney stone volume in cubic millimeters.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Calcium Stone Subjects
n=9 Participants
Subjects with confirmed calcium kidney stone(s)
Cystine Stone Subjects
n=10 Participants
Subjects with confirmed cystine kidney stone(s)
Volume of Kidney Stones as Measured on Computerized Tomography
52 Week Right Kidney Stone Volume
52.75 mm^3
Standard Deviation 66.44
1,677 mm^3
Standard Deviation 3,139
Volume of Kidney Stones as Measured on Computerized Tomography
Baseline Left Kidney Stone Volume
141.25 mm^3
Standard Deviation 198.98
301 mm^3
Standard Deviation 422
Volume of Kidney Stones as Measured on Computerized Tomography
Baseline Right Kidney Stone Volume
45.5 mm^3
Standard Deviation 52.03
1,602 mm^3
Standard Deviation 3,335
Volume of Kidney Stones as Measured on Computerized Tomography
52 Week Left Kidney Stone Volume
174.25 mm^3
Standard Deviation 265.73
2,064 mm^3
Standard Deviation 688

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline, approximately 52 weeks after baseline

Population: One subject in the Calcium group was excluded from the CT analysis because of bilateral stone removal surgery during the study.

Stone burden will be quantitated using the stone quantification protocol currently available at Mayo that quantitates kidney stones both by volume and by density measured in Agatston units.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Calcium Stone Subjects
n=9 Participants
Subjects with confirmed calcium kidney stone(s)
Cystine Stone Subjects
n=9 Participants
Subjects with confirmed cystine kidney stone(s)
Change in Stone Burden as Assessed by Radiologist at One Year
Left kidney stone burden increased
6 Kidneys
5 Kidneys
Change in Stone Burden as Assessed by Radiologist at One Year
Left kidney stone burden decreased
1 Kidneys
2 Kidneys
Change in Stone Burden as Assessed by Radiologist at One Year
Right kidney no change in stone burden
6 Kidneys
7 Kidneys
Change in Stone Burden as Assessed by Radiologist at One Year
Right kidney stone burden increased
2 Kidneys
2 Kidneys
Change in Stone Burden as Assessed by Radiologist at One Year
Right kidney stone burden decreased
1 Kidneys
0 Kidneys
Change in Stone Burden as Assessed by Radiologist at One Year
Left kidney no change in stone burden
2 Kidneys
2 Kidneys

Adverse Events

Calcium Stone Subjects

Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Cystine Stone Subjects

Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Serious adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Other adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Additional Information

Beverly Tietje, Study Coordinator

Mayo Clinic

Phone: 507-255-0401

Results disclosure agreements

  • Principal investigator is a sponsor employee
  • Publication restrictions are in place