Relationship Between HIV and Malaria in Ugandan Children

NCT ID: NCT00356824

Last Updated: 2021-11-01

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

Get a concise snapshot of the trial, including recruitment status, study phase, enrollment targets, and key timeline milestones.

Recruitment Status

COMPLETED

Total Enrollment

300 participants

Study Classification

OBSERVATIONAL

Study Start Date

2005-11-30

Study Completion Date

2010-05-31

Brief Summary

Review the sponsor-provided synopsis that highlights what the study is about and why it is being conducted.

HIV and malaria are two of the most important diseases to afflict children in sub-Saharan Africa. However, it is unknown what relationships exist between the two diseases. The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between HIV and malaria infections in HIV infected Ugandan children.

Detailed Description

Dive into the extended narrative that explains the scientific background, objectives, and procedures in greater depth.

HIV and malaria are two of the most important infectious diseases in sub-Saharan Africa. By 2000, over 25 million children and adults were living with HIV/AIDS, and 16 million people had died of the disease. Malaria is also of great importance in Africa, where over 90% of the 500 million annual cases and 2.7 million annual deaths occur primarily in children under the age of 5. Any interaction between these two diseases is of tremendous public health importance; however, data in this area, especially information on the relevance of HIV and malaria coinfection, are limited. Little is known about HIV infection's effects on antimalarial therapy, the effects of anti-HIV treatment on malaria incidence and treatment outcomes, and the effect of malaria on HIV disease progression. This study will examine HIV infected children in Uganda and evaluate these relationships between HIV and malaria.

This study will last 4 years. All participants will receive TMP/SMX as prophylaxis for malaria throughout this study. Children will be treated for all episodes of uncomplicated malaria with amodiaquine and artesunate; this treatment for malaria will be provided. Antiretroviral treatment for HIV, if deemed necessary by the study physician, will not be provided through this study. In the case of missed scheduled visits at the clinic, children and their parents or guardians will be visited at home by study staff, who will then bring the children and their parents and guardians to the clinic for their appointments.

Parents or guardians will be asked to bring children to the study clinic for all medical care. Unless instructed otherwise, the study clinic should be the only place where children in this study receive care and medications for the duration of the study. At each study visit for a new illness, children who have a temperature of 38 C (100.4 F) or greater, report having a fever in the 24 hours prior to the visit, or have suspected malaria will have their blood collected to check for malaria. If the blood is negative for malaria, the child will be treated with standard of care for the non-malaria illness in the Mulago Hospital complex.

If the blood is positive for malaria, the child will be classified as having either uncomplicated or complicated malaria. In cases of uncomplicated malaria, children will undergo medical history, a physical exam, and additional blood collection on the day of diagnosis (Day 0). Doses of amodiaquine and artesunate will be given once a day for 3 days in the study clinic by a study nurse, who will directly observe the child taking the medication. Study visits associated with uncomplicated malaria will occur on Days 1, 2, 3, 7, 14, 28, and any other day when the child feels ill; a physical exam and blood collection to check for malaria will occur at all visits. In cases of complicated malaria, children will be treated with quinine and will be referred to the Acute Care Unit of the Mulago Hospital complex.

Regardless of health during the course of the study, children will need to return to the clinic every 30 days to undergo a physical exam and blood collection to check for malaria. If malaria is found, children will undergo the 14-day standardized follow-up period as described above. At least every 3 months, additional blood collection will occur to determine HIV viral load, liver and kidney function, and immune parameters.

As of 07/01/08, all study participants with malaria will receive standard of care treatment through the Pediatric Infectious Disease Clinic. No treatment will be provided by the study.

Conditions

See the medical conditions and disease areas that this research is targeting or investigating.

HIV Infections Malaria

Keywords

Explore important study keywords that can help with search, categorization, and topic discovery.

Child

Study Design

Understand how the trial is structured, including allocation methods, masking strategies, primary purpose, and other design elements.

Observational Model Type

COHORT

Study Time Perspective

PROSPECTIVE

Study Groups

Review each arm or cohort in the study, along with the interventions and objectives associated with them.

1

HIV-infected children in Uganda

Amodiaquine

Intervention Type DRUG

200 mg oral tablet taken daily for 3 days under direct supervision at study clinic

Artesunate

Intervention Type DRUG

50 mg oral tablet taken daily for 3 days under direct supervision at study clinic

Interventions

Learn about the drugs, procedures, or behavioral strategies being tested and how they are applied within this trial.

Amodiaquine

200 mg oral tablet taken daily for 3 days under direct supervision at study clinic

Intervention Type DRUG

Artesunate

50 mg oral tablet taken daily for 3 days under direct supervision at study clinic

Intervention Type DRUG

Other Intervention Names

Discover alternative or legacy names that may be used to describe the listed interventions across different sources.

Camoquin Arsumax

Eligibility Criteria

Check the participation requirements, including inclusion and exclusion rules, age limits, and whether healthy volunteers are accepted.

Inclusion Criteria

* HIV infected
* Resides within a 20 km (12.4 mi) radius of the study clinic in Kampala, Uganda
* Had a minimum of 1 regularly scheduled clinic visit in the 3 months prior to study entry
* Willing to return to the study clinic if fever or other illness occurs during this study
* Willing to avoid medications administered outside the Mulago Hospital Complex
* Parent or guardian willing to provide informed consent

Exclusion Criteria

* Intends to move more than 20 km (12.4 mi) from the study clinic during the follow-up period
* Weigh less than 5 kg (11 lbs)
* Participating in another Infectious Disease Clinic (IDC) cohort study
* Any current medical problem requiring in-patient evaluation or home care
* History of allergy or sensitivity to amodiaquine, artesunate, or quinine
* Life-threatening screening laboratory values in the absence of malaria. More information on this criterion can be found in the protocol.
Minimum Eligible Age

1 Year

Maximum Eligible Age

10 Years

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Sponsors

Meet the organizations funding or collaborating on the study and learn about their roles.

National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)

NIH

Sponsor Role lead

Responsible Party

Identify the individual or organization who holds primary responsibility for the study information submitted to regulators.

University of California, San Francisco

Principal Investigators

Learn about the lead researchers overseeing the trial and their institutional affiliations.

Diane V. Havlir, MD

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

University of California, San Francisco and San Francisco General Hospital

Moses R. Kamya, MBChB, MMed, MPH

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Department of Medicine, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda

Rukyalekere-Adeodadata Kekitiinwa

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Department of Pediatrics, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda

Anne Gasasira

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Makerere University Medical School, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda

Israel Kalyesubula

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Department of Pediatrics, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda

Grant Dorsey

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

University of California, San Francisco

Edwin Charlebois

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

University of California, San Francisco

Philip Rosenthal

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

University of California, San Francisco

Huyen Cao

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

California Department of Human Services

Locations

Explore where the study is taking place and check the recruitment status at each participating site.

Pediatric Infectious Diseases Clinic, Mulago Hospital Complex

Kampala, , Uganda

Site Status

Countries

Review the countries where the study has at least one active or historical site.

Uganda

References

Explore related publications, articles, or registry entries linked to this study.

Corbett EL, Steketee RW, ter Kuile FO, Latif AS, Kamali A, Hayes RJ. HIV-1/AIDS and the control of other infectious diseases in Africa. Lancet. 2002 Jun 22;359(9324):2177-87. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(02)09095-5.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 12090997 (View on PubMed)

Harms G, Feldmeier H. HIV infection and tropical parasitic diseases - deleterious interactions in both directions? Trop Med Int Health. 2002 Jun;7(6):479-88. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-3156.2002.00893.x.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 12031069 (View on PubMed)

Kalyesubula I, Musoke-Mudido P, Marum L, Bagenda D, Aceng E, Ndugwa C, Olness K. Effects of malaria infection in human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected Ugandan children. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 1997 Sep;16(9):876-81. doi: 10.1097/00006454-199709000-00011.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 9306483 (View on PubMed)

Rowland-Jones SL, Lohman B. Interactions between malaria and HIV infection-an emerging public health problem? Microbes Infect. 2002 Oct;4(12):1265-70. doi: 10.1016/s1286-4579(02)01655-6.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 12467769 (View on PubMed)

Other Identifiers

Review additional registry numbers or institutional identifiers associated with this trial.

CHAMP

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: secondary_id

U01AI062677-01

Identifier Type: NIH

Identifier Source: org_study_id

View Link