Trial Outcomes & Findings for D-cycloserine and Virtual Reality Exposure to Treat Iraq War Veterans With PTSD (NCT NCT00356278)

NCT ID: NCT00356278

Last Updated: 2016-01-08

Results Overview

Scores may range from 0 (no symptoms) to 136 (severe symptoms). The score is based on the first 17 CAPS items administered.

Recruitment status

COMPLETED

Study phase

PHASE2/PHASE3

Target enrollment

156 participants

Primary outcome timeframe

Baseline

Results posted on

2016-01-08

Participant Flow

Participants were self-referred or referred by professionals. Some patients were referred from both VA personnel and non-VA sources between January 2007-May 2013.

Participant milestones

Participant milestones
Measure
VRE Therapy and D-cycloserine
D-Cycloserine: D-Cycloserine doses will be 50 mg. There will be 5 pills total during study, each given 30 minutes prior to each VRE session. Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy: VRE includes viewing scenes of virtual Iraq via a head mounted display. Other stimuli presented include sounds, smells and vibration. Each session will be 60 minutes with approximately 30 to 45 minutes of that wearing head mounted display.
VRE Therapy and Alprazolam
Alprazolam: Alprazolam doses will be 0.25 mg. There will be 5 pills total during study, each given 30 minutes prior to each VRE session. Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy: VRE includes viewing scenes of virtual Iraq via a head mounted display. Other stimuli presented include sounds, smells and vibration. Each session will be 60 minutes with approximately 30 to 45 minutes of that wearing head mounted display.
VRE Therapy and Placebo
Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy: VRE includes viewing scenes of virtual Iraq via a head mounted display. Other stimuli presented include sounds, smells and vibration. Each session will be 60 minutes with approximately 30 to 45 minutes of that wearing head mounted display. Placebo: Placebo will be administered in the same manner as the active drugs.
Overall Study
STARTED
53
50
53
Overall Study
COMPLETED
28
35
34
Overall Study
NOT COMPLETED
25
15
19

Reasons for withdrawal

Reasons for withdrawal
Measure
VRE Therapy and D-cycloserine
D-Cycloserine: D-Cycloserine doses will be 50 mg. There will be 5 pills total during study, each given 30 minutes prior to each VRE session. Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy: VRE includes viewing scenes of virtual Iraq via a head mounted display. Other stimuli presented include sounds, smells and vibration. Each session will be 60 minutes with approximately 30 to 45 minutes of that wearing head mounted display.
VRE Therapy and Alprazolam
Alprazolam: Alprazolam doses will be 0.25 mg. There will be 5 pills total during study, each given 30 minutes prior to each VRE session. Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy: VRE includes viewing scenes of virtual Iraq via a head mounted display. Other stimuli presented include sounds, smells and vibration. Each session will be 60 minutes with approximately 30 to 45 minutes of that wearing head mounted display.
VRE Therapy and Placebo
Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy: VRE includes viewing scenes of virtual Iraq via a head mounted display. Other stimuli presented include sounds, smells and vibration. Each session will be 60 minutes with approximately 30 to 45 minutes of that wearing head mounted display. Placebo: Placebo will be administered in the same manner as the active drugs.
Overall Study
Withdrawal by Subject
25
15
19

Baseline Characteristics

D-cycloserine and Virtual Reality Exposure to Treat Iraq War Veterans With PTSD

Baseline characteristics by cohort

Baseline characteristics by cohort
Measure
VRE Therapy and D-cycloserine
n=53 Participants
D-Cycloserine: D-Cycloserine doses will be 50 mg. There will be 5 pills total during study, each given 30 minutes prior to each VRE session. Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy: VRE includes viewing scenes of virtual Iraq via a head mounted display. Other stimuli presented include sounds, smells and vibration. Each session will be 60 minutes with approximately 30 to 45 minutes of that wearing head mounted display.
VRE Therapy and Alprazolam
n=50 Participants
Alprazolam: Alprazolam doses will be 0.25 mg. There will be 5 pills total during study, each given 30 minutes prior to each VRE session. Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy: VRE includes viewing scenes of virtual Iraq via a head mounted display. Other stimuli presented include sounds, smells and vibration. Each session will be 60 minutes with approximately 30 to 45 minutes of that wearing head mounted display.
VRE Therapy and Placebo
n=53 Participants
Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy: VRE includes viewing scenes of virtual Iraq via a head mounted display. Other stimuli presented include sounds, smells and vibration. Each session will be 60 minutes with approximately 30 to 45 minutes of that wearing head mounted display. Placebo: Placebo will be administered in the same manner as the active drugs.
Total
n=156 Participants
Total of all reporting groups
Age, Categorical
<=18 years
0 Participants
n=93 Participants
0 Participants
n=4 Participants
0 Participants
n=27 Participants
0 Participants
n=483 Participants
Age, Categorical
Between 18 and 65 years
53 Participants
n=93 Participants
50 Participants
n=4 Participants
53 Participants
n=27 Participants
156 Participants
n=483 Participants
Age, Categorical
>=65 years
0 Participants
n=93 Participants
0 Participants
n=4 Participants
0 Participants
n=27 Participants
0 Participants
n=483 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Female
4 Participants
n=93 Participants
1 Participants
n=4 Participants
3 Participants
n=27 Participants
8 Participants
n=483 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Male
49 Participants
n=93 Participants
49 Participants
n=4 Participants
50 Participants
n=27 Participants
148 Participants
n=483 Participants
Region of Enrollment
United States
53 participants
n=93 Participants
50 participants
n=4 Participants
53 participants
n=27 Participants
156 participants
n=483 Participants

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline

Population: Intent to Treat Analyses using all available information with Full Information Maximum Likelihood Estimation (FIML)to handle missing data

Scores may range from 0 (no symptoms) to 136 (severe symptoms). The score is based on the first 17 CAPS items administered.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
VRE Therapy and D-cycloserine
n=53 Participants
D-Cycloserine: D-Cycloserine doses will be 50 mg. There will be 5 pills total during study, each given 30 minutes prior to each VRE session. Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy: VRE includes viewing scenes of virtual Iraq via a head mounted display. Other stimuli presented include sounds, smells and vibration. Each session will be 60 minutes with approximately 30 to 45 minutes of that wearing head mounted display.
VRE Therapy and Alprazolam
n=50 Participants
Alprazolam: Alprazolam doses will be 0.25 mg. There will be 5 pills total during study, each given 30 minutes prior to each VRE session. Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy: VRE includes viewing scenes of virtual Iraq via a head mounted display. Other stimuli presented include sounds, smells and vibration. Each session will be 60 minutes with approximately 30 to 45 minutes of that wearing head mounted display.
VRE Therapy and Placebo
n=53 Participants
Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy: VRE includes viewing scenes of virtual Iraq via a head mounted display. Other stimuli presented include sounds, smells and vibration. Each session will be 60 minutes with approximately 30 to 45 minutes of that wearing head mounted display. Placebo: Placebo will be administered in the same manner as the active drugs.
Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS)
85.3 units on a scale
Interval 79.3 to 91.9
88 units on a scale
Interval 82.3 to 93.6
82.6 units on a scale
Interval 75.8 to 89.4

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Posttreatment, 8 weeks

Population: Intent to Treat Analyses using all available information with Full Information Maximum Likelihood Estimation (FIML)to handle missing data

Scores may range from 0 (no symptoms) to 136 (severe symptoms). The score is based on the first 17 CAPS items administered.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
VRE Therapy and D-cycloserine
n=53 Participants
D-Cycloserine: D-Cycloserine doses will be 50 mg. There will be 5 pills total during study, each given 30 minutes prior to each VRE session. Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy: VRE includes viewing scenes of virtual Iraq via a head mounted display. Other stimuli presented include sounds, smells and vibration. Each session will be 60 minutes with approximately 30 to 45 minutes of that wearing head mounted display.
VRE Therapy and Alprazolam
n=50 Participants
Alprazolam: Alprazolam doses will be 0.25 mg. There will be 5 pills total during study, each given 30 minutes prior to each VRE session. Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy: VRE includes viewing scenes of virtual Iraq via a head mounted display. Other stimuli presented include sounds, smells and vibration. Each session will be 60 minutes with approximately 30 to 45 minutes of that wearing head mounted display.
VRE Therapy and Placebo
n=53 Participants
Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy: VRE includes viewing scenes of virtual Iraq via a head mounted display. Other stimuli presented include sounds, smells and vibration. Each session will be 60 minutes with approximately 30 to 45 minutes of that wearing head mounted display. Placebo: Placebo will be administered in the same manner as the active drugs.
Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS)
65.9 units on a scale
Interval 60.2 to 71.6
69.6 units on a scale
Interval 63.8 to 75.4
63.8 units on a scale
Interval 56.7 to 70.9

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Month 3

Population: Intent to Treat Analyses using all available information with Full Information Maximum Likelihood Estimation (FIML)to handle missing data

Scores may range from 0 (no symptoms) to 136 (severe symptoms). The score is based on the first 17 CAPS items administered.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
VRE Therapy and D-cycloserine
n=53 Participants
D-Cycloserine: D-Cycloserine doses will be 50 mg. There will be 5 pills total during study, each given 30 minutes prior to each VRE session. Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy: VRE includes viewing scenes of virtual Iraq via a head mounted display. Other stimuli presented include sounds, smells and vibration. Each session will be 60 minutes with approximately 30 to 45 minutes of that wearing head mounted display.
VRE Therapy and Alprazolam
n=50 Participants
Alprazolam: Alprazolam doses will be 0.25 mg. There will be 5 pills total during study, each given 30 minutes prior to each VRE session. Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy: VRE includes viewing scenes of virtual Iraq via a head mounted display. Other stimuli presented include sounds, smells and vibration. Each session will be 60 minutes with approximately 30 to 45 minutes of that wearing head mounted display.
VRE Therapy and Placebo
n=53 Participants
Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy: VRE includes viewing scenes of virtual Iraq via a head mounted display. Other stimuli presented include sounds, smells and vibration. Each session will be 60 minutes with approximately 30 to 45 minutes of that wearing head mounted display. Placebo: Placebo will be administered in the same manner as the active drugs.
Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS)
60.3 units on a scale
Interval 54.4 to 66.2
66.8 units on a scale
Interval 59.6 to 74.0
51.5 units on a scale
Interval 43.6 to 59.5

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Month 6

Population: Intent to Treat Analyses using all available information with Full Information Maximum Likelihood Estimation (FIML)to handle missing data

Scores may range from 0 (no symptoms) to 136 (severe symptoms). The score is based on the first 17 CAPS items administered.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
VRE Therapy and D-cycloserine
n=53 Participants
D-Cycloserine: D-Cycloserine doses will be 50 mg. There will be 5 pills total during study, each given 30 minutes prior to each VRE session. Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy: VRE includes viewing scenes of virtual Iraq via a head mounted display. Other stimuli presented include sounds, smells and vibration. Each session will be 60 minutes with approximately 30 to 45 minutes of that wearing head mounted display.
VRE Therapy and Alprazolam
n=50 Participants
Alprazolam: Alprazolam doses will be 0.25 mg. There will be 5 pills total during study, each given 30 minutes prior to each VRE session. Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy: VRE includes viewing scenes of virtual Iraq via a head mounted display. Other stimuli presented include sounds, smells and vibration. Each session will be 60 minutes with approximately 30 to 45 minutes of that wearing head mounted display.
VRE Therapy and Placebo
n=53 Participants
Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy: VRE includes viewing scenes of virtual Iraq via a head mounted display. Other stimuli presented include sounds, smells and vibration. Each session will be 60 minutes with approximately 30 to 45 minutes of that wearing head mounted display. Placebo: Placebo will be administered in the same manner as the active drugs.
Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS)
56.0 units on a scale
Interval 50.1 to 62.0
63.4 units on a scale
Interval 55.4 to 71.4
46.9 units on a scale
Interval 38.7 to 55.1

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Month 12

Population: Intent to Treat Analyses using all available information with Full Information Maximum Likelihood Estimation (FIML)to handle missing data

Scores may range from 0 (no symptoms) to 136 (severe symptoms). The score is based on the first 17 CAPS items administered.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
VRE Therapy and D-cycloserine
n=53 Participants
D-Cycloserine: D-Cycloserine doses will be 50 mg. There will be 5 pills total during study, each given 30 minutes prior to each VRE session. Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy: VRE includes viewing scenes of virtual Iraq via a head mounted display. Other stimuli presented include sounds, smells and vibration. Each session will be 60 minutes with approximately 30 to 45 minutes of that wearing head mounted display.
VRE Therapy and Alprazolam
n=50 Participants
Alprazolam: Alprazolam doses will be 0.25 mg. There will be 5 pills total during study, each given 30 minutes prior to each VRE session. Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy: VRE includes viewing scenes of virtual Iraq via a head mounted display. Other stimuli presented include sounds, smells and vibration. Each session will be 60 minutes with approximately 30 to 45 minutes of that wearing head mounted display.
VRE Therapy and Placebo
n=53 Participants
Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy: VRE includes viewing scenes of virtual Iraq via a head mounted display. Other stimuli presented include sounds, smells and vibration. Each session will be 60 minutes with approximately 30 to 45 minutes of that wearing head mounted display. Placebo: Placebo will be administered in the same manner as the active drugs.
Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS)
48.0 units on a scale
Interval 41.0 to 55.0
57.2 units on a scale
Interval 50.6 to 63.8
48.4 units on a scale
Interval 41.0 to 55.8

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline

Population: Intent to Treat Analyses using all available information with Full Information Maximum Likelihood Estimation (FIML)to handle missing data

PTSD Symptom Scale - Self-Report Version (PSS-SR) is a 17-item self-reported questionnaire to assess symptoms of PTSD. Each of the 17 items describe PTSD symptoms which respondents rate in terms of their frequency or severity using a Likert-type scale ranging from 0 (not at all or only one time) to 3 (almost always or five or more times per week). Ratings on items are summed to create three subscales, including re-experiencing, avoidance, and arousal, as well as a total score (that ranges from 0 to 51). The total score higher than 13 indicates on likelihood of PTSD.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
VRE Therapy and D-cycloserine
n=53 Participants
D-Cycloserine: D-Cycloserine doses will be 50 mg. There will be 5 pills total during study, each given 30 minutes prior to each VRE session. Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy: VRE includes viewing scenes of virtual Iraq via a head mounted display. Other stimuli presented include sounds, smells and vibration. Each session will be 60 minutes with approximately 30 to 45 minutes of that wearing head mounted display.
VRE Therapy and Alprazolam
n=50 Participants
Alprazolam: Alprazolam doses will be 0.25 mg. There will be 5 pills total during study, each given 30 minutes prior to each VRE session. Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy: VRE includes viewing scenes of virtual Iraq via a head mounted display. Other stimuli presented include sounds, smells and vibration. Each session will be 60 minutes with approximately 30 to 45 minutes of that wearing head mounted display.
VRE Therapy and Placebo
n=53 Participants
Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy: VRE includes viewing scenes of virtual Iraq via a head mounted display. Other stimuli presented include sounds, smells and vibration. Each session will be 60 minutes with approximately 30 to 45 minutes of that wearing head mounted display. Placebo: Placebo will be administered in the same manner as the active drugs.
PTSD Symptom Scale Self-Report
32.9 units on a scale
Interval 29.7 to 36.2
32.4 units on a scale
Interval 26.0 to 38.9
32.4 units on a scale
Interval 29.1 to 35.7

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Posttreatment, 8 weeks

Population: Intent to Treat Analyses using all available information with Full Information Maximum Likelihood Estimation (FIML)to handle missing data

PTSD Symptom Scale - Self-Report Version (PSS-SR) is a 17-item self-reported questionnaire to assess symptoms of PTSD. Each of the 17 items describe PTSD symptoms which respondents rate in terms of their frequency or severity using a Likert-type scale ranging from 0 (not at all or only one time) to 3 (almost always or five or more times per week). Ratings on items are summed to create three subscales, including re-experiencing, avoidance, and arousal, as well as a total score (that ranges from 0 to 51). The total score higher than 13 indicates on likelihood of PTSD.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
VRE Therapy and D-cycloserine
n=53 Participants
D-Cycloserine: D-Cycloserine doses will be 50 mg. There will be 5 pills total during study, each given 30 minutes prior to each VRE session. Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy: VRE includes viewing scenes of virtual Iraq via a head mounted display. Other stimuli presented include sounds, smells and vibration. Each session will be 60 minutes with approximately 30 to 45 minutes of that wearing head mounted display.
VRE Therapy and Alprazolam
n=50 Participants
Alprazolam: Alprazolam doses will be 0.25 mg. There will be 5 pills total during study, each given 30 minutes prior to each VRE session. Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy: VRE includes viewing scenes of virtual Iraq via a head mounted display. Other stimuli presented include sounds, smells and vibration. Each session will be 60 minutes with approximately 30 to 45 minutes of that wearing head mounted display.
VRE Therapy and Placebo
n=53 Participants
Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy: VRE includes viewing scenes of virtual Iraq via a head mounted display. Other stimuli presented include sounds, smells and vibration. Each session will be 60 minutes with approximately 30 to 45 minutes of that wearing head mounted display. Placebo: Placebo will be administered in the same manner as the active drugs.
PTSD Symptom Scale Self-Report
27.1 units on a scale
Interval 24.3 to 29.9
25.6 units on a scale
Interval 22.5 to 28.7
24.2 units on a scale
Interval 20.2 to 28.1

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Month 3

Population: Intent to Treat Analyses using all available information with Full Information Maximum Likelihood Estimation (FIML)to handle missing data

PTSD Symptom Scale - Self-Report Version (PSS-SR) is a 17-item self-reported questionnaire to assess symptoms of PTSD. Each of the 17 items describe PTSD symptoms which respondents rate in terms of their frequency or severity using a Likert-type scale ranging from 0 (not at all or only one time) to 3 (almost always or five or more times per week). Ratings on items are summed to create three subscales, including re-experiencing, avoidance, and arousal, as well as a total score (that ranges from 0 to 51). The total score higher than 13 indicates on likelihood of PTSD.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
VRE Therapy and D-cycloserine
n=53 Participants
D-Cycloserine: D-Cycloserine doses will be 50 mg. There will be 5 pills total during study, each given 30 minutes prior to each VRE session. Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy: VRE includes viewing scenes of virtual Iraq via a head mounted display. Other stimuli presented include sounds, smells and vibration. Each session will be 60 minutes with approximately 30 to 45 minutes of that wearing head mounted display.
VRE Therapy and Alprazolam
n=50 Participants
Alprazolam: Alprazolam doses will be 0.25 mg. There will be 5 pills total during study, each given 30 minutes prior to each VRE session. Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy: VRE includes viewing scenes of virtual Iraq via a head mounted display. Other stimuli presented include sounds, smells and vibration. Each session will be 60 minutes with approximately 30 to 45 minutes of that wearing head mounted display.
VRE Therapy and Placebo
n=53 Participants
Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy: VRE includes viewing scenes of virtual Iraq via a head mounted display. Other stimuli presented include sounds, smells and vibration. Each session will be 60 minutes with approximately 30 to 45 minutes of that wearing head mounted display. Placebo: Placebo will be administered in the same manner as the active drugs.
PTSD Symptom Scale Self-Report
25.2 units on a scale
Interval 22.0 to 28.5
26.1 units on a scale
Interval 22.6 to 29.4
21.4 units on a scale
Interval 17.1 to 25.6

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Month 6

Population: Intent to Treat Analyses using all available information with Full Information Maximum Likelihood Estimation (FIML)to handle missing data

PTSD Symptom Scale - Self-Report Version (PSS-SR) is a 17-item self-reported questionnaire to assess symptoms of PTSD. Each of the 17 items describe PTSD symptoms which respondents rate in terms of their frequency or severity using a Likert-type scale ranging from 0 (not at all or only one time) to 3 (almost always or five or more times per week). Ratings on items are summed to create three subscales, including re-experiencing, avoidance, and arousal, as well as a total score (that ranges from 0 to 51). The total score higher than 13 indicates on likelihood of PTSD.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
VRE Therapy and D-cycloserine
n=53 Participants
D-Cycloserine: D-Cycloserine doses will be 50 mg. There will be 5 pills total during study, each given 30 minutes prior to each VRE session. Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy: VRE includes viewing scenes of virtual Iraq via a head mounted display. Other stimuli presented include sounds, smells and vibration. Each session will be 60 minutes with approximately 30 to 45 minutes of that wearing head mounted display.
VRE Therapy and Alprazolam
n=50 Participants
Alprazolam: Alprazolam doses will be 0.25 mg. There will be 5 pills total during study, each given 30 minutes prior to each VRE session. Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy: VRE includes viewing scenes of virtual Iraq via a head mounted display. Other stimuli presented include sounds, smells and vibration. Each session will be 60 minutes with approximately 30 to 45 minutes of that wearing head mounted display.
VRE Therapy and Placebo
n=53 Participants
Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy: VRE includes viewing scenes of virtual Iraq via a head mounted display. Other stimuli presented include sounds, smells and vibration. Each session will be 60 minutes with approximately 30 to 45 minutes of that wearing head mounted display. Placebo: Placebo will be administered in the same manner as the active drugs.
PTSD Symptom Scale Self-Report
24.1 units on a scale
Interval 20.5 to 27.6
26.3 units on a scale
Interval 22.5 to 30.1
20.0 units on a scale
Interval 15.9 to 24.0

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Month 12

Population: Intent to Treat Analyses using all available information with Full Information Maximum Likelihood Estimation (FIML)to handle missing data

PTSD Symptom Scale - Self-Report Version (PSS-SR) is a 17-item self-reported questionnaire to assess symptoms of PTSD. Each of the 17 items describe PTSD symptoms which respondents rate in terms of their frequency or severity using a Likert-type scale ranging from 0 (not at all or only one time) to 3 (almost always or five or more times per week). Ratings on items are summed to create three subscales, including re-experiencing, avoidance, and arousal, as well as a total score (that ranges from 0 to 51). The total score higher than 13 indicates on likelihood of PTSD.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
VRE Therapy and D-cycloserine
n=53 Participants
D-Cycloserine: D-Cycloserine doses will be 50 mg. There will be 5 pills total during study, each given 30 minutes prior to each VRE session. Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy: VRE includes viewing scenes of virtual Iraq via a head mounted display. Other stimuli presented include sounds, smells and vibration. Each session will be 60 minutes with approximately 30 to 45 minutes of that wearing head mounted display.
VRE Therapy and Alprazolam
n=50 Participants
Alprazolam: Alprazolam doses will be 0.25 mg. There will be 5 pills total during study, each given 30 minutes prior to each VRE session. Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy: VRE includes viewing scenes of virtual Iraq via a head mounted display. Other stimuli presented include sounds, smells and vibration. Each session will be 60 minutes with approximately 30 to 45 minutes of that wearing head mounted display.
VRE Therapy and Placebo
n=53 Participants
Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy: VRE includes viewing scenes of virtual Iraq via a head mounted display. Other stimuli presented include sounds, smells and vibration. Each session will be 60 minutes with approximately 30 to 45 minutes of that wearing head mounted display. Placebo: Placebo will be administered in the same manner as the active drugs.
PTSD Symptom Scale Self-Report
22.6 units on a scale
Interval 19.1 to 26.1
24.2 units on a scale
Interval 20.8 to 27.6
21.7 units on a scale
Interval 17.9 to 25.4

Adverse Events

VRE Therapy and D-cycloserine

Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

VRE Therapy and Alprazolam

Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

VRE Therapy and Placebo

Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Serious adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Other adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Additional Information

Barbara O. Rothbaum, PhD, ABPP

Emory University

Phone: 404-712-8866

Results disclosure agreements

  • Principal investigator is a sponsor employee
  • Publication restrictions are in place