Early Life Factors and Respiratory Health in Mexico City Children

NCT ID: NCT00342758

Last Updated: 2017-07-02

Basic Information

• Recruitment Status: COMPLETED
• Total Enrollment: 6800 participants
• Study Classification: OBSERVATIONAL
• Study Start Date: 2001-10-01
• Study Completion Date: 2007-10-15

Brief Summary

Early life exposures now appear to be important in modulation of the immune response and tendency to develop asthma. We plan to enroll a cohort of children at birth to study early life factors in the development of wheezing and respiratory illness during the first six years of life in Mexico City. In particular, we will consider the role of early diet (particularly antioxidant intake, lactation and obesity), infections, dust mite and cockroach antigens, traffic related air pollution, and environmental tobacco smoke. We will also consider the potential modifying effect of genetic predisposition with respect to the exposures of interest.

Approximately 6,800 children will be enrolled at birth. The goal is to follow the cohort though age 6. To increase the number of expected cases of asthma, we will partially enrich the cohort for increased risk of asthma by virtue of having a parent with doctor diagnosis of asthma or allergies; the remaining cohort will not be enriched to preserve generalizability.

Pregnant women enrolled in a prepaid health plan in Mexico City (the Insituto Mexicano de Seguridad Social, henceforth referred to as IMSS) will be screened for the study and invited to enrolled their newborns when they come for delivery at one of two IMSS hospitals. An initial home visit during the first three months of life will include assessment of environmental exposures and infant diet. Children will be followed through age six with yearly home visits, monitoring of acute lower respiratory illness during the first year of life and periodic review of the IMSS medical records.

We have chosen Mexico City because of the relatively low rates of asthma in the face of prevalent exposures to factors that are thought to increase asthma risk in urban areas in the United States. These include dust mites, cockroach, airborne pollutants and social factors such as low income and young maternal age. This pattern suggests that protective factors may be operating in Mexico City that could shed light on the etiology of worldwide childhood asthma epidemic. Potential candidates include exposure to certain early infections that shift the developing immune system away from the pattern of allergic asthmatic response. We are also especially interested in potential protective effects of early nutrition. Exposure to ozone in this population is the highest in North American and thus antioxidant intake may be especially important. In order to evaluate these protective hypotheses, we will also collect information on risk factors believed to be related to increased risk of asthma in US cities such as allergens, traffic related air pollutants, and lower respiratory infection with respiratory syncytial virus.

Detailed Description

Early life exposures now appear to be important in modulation of the immune response and tendency to develop asthma. We plan to enroll a cohort of children at birth to study early life factors in the development of wheezing and respiratory illness during the first six years of life in Mexico City. In particular, we will consider the role of early diet (particularly antioxidant intake, lactation and obesity), infections, dust mite and cockroach antigens, traffic related air pollution, and environmental tobacco smoke. We will also consider the potential modifying effect of genetic predisposition with respect to the exposures of interest.

Approximately 6,800 children will be enrolled at birth. The goal is to follow the cohort though age 6. To increase the number of expected cases of asthma, we will partially enrich the cohort for increased risk of asthma by virtue of having a parent with doctor diagnosis of asthma or allergies; the remaining cohort will not be enriched to preserve generalizability.

Pregnant women enrolled in a prepaid health plan in Mexico City (the Insituto Mexicano de Seguridad Social, henceforth referred to as IMSS) will be screened for the study and invited to enrolled their newborns when they come for delivery at one of two IMSS hospitals. An initial home visit during the first three months of life will include assessment of environmental exposures and infant diet. Children will be followed through age six with yearly home visits, monitoring of acute lower respiratory illness during the first year of life and periodic review of the IMSS medical records.

We have chosen Mexico City because of the relatively low rates of asthma in the face of prevalent exposures to factors that are thought to increase asthma risk in urban areas in the United States. These include dust mites, cockroach, airborne pollutants and social factors such as low income and young maternal age. This pattern suggests that protective factors may be operating in Mexico City that could shed light on the etiology of worldwide childhood asthma epidemic. Potential candidates include exposure to certain early infections that shift the developing immune system away from the pattern of allergic asthmatic response. We are also especially interested in potential protective effects of early nutrition. Exposure to ozone in this population is the highest in North American and thus antioxidant intake may be especially important. In order to evaluate these protective hypotheses, we will also collect information on risk factors believed to be related to increased risk of asthma in US cities such as allergens, traffic related air pollutants, and lower respiratory infection with respiratory syncytial virus.

Conditions

Respiratory Ilness

Eligibility Criteria

Inclusion Criteria

Patients must be pregnant coming to deliver.

Patients must have convenient access to a phone.

Patients must be residents of Mexico City, Mexico.

Women patients must not be planning to move from their current residence in the next two years or to drop their IMSS coverage .

• Eligible Sex: ALL
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Sponsors

National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS)

NIH

Sponsor Role: lead

Locations

NIEHS, Research Triangle Park

Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, United States

Hospital Infantil de Mexico Federico Gomez

Mexico City, , Mexico

Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social

Mexico City, , Mexico

National Institute of Public Health

Mexico City, , Mexico

Countries

United States; Mexico

Other Identifiers

02-E-N005

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: secondary_id

999902005

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id