Levels of Bisphenol A in Urine and Saliva Following Placement of Composite Restorations

NCT ID: NCT00339339

Last Updated: 2019-12-17

Basic Information

• Recruitment Status: COMPLETED
• Total Enrollment: 172 participants
• Study Classification: OBSERVATIONAL
• Study Start Date: 2004-07-26
• Study Completion Date: 2013-01-22

Brief Summary

This study will determine whether placement of composite (white) dental restorations (fillings) increases concentrations of bisphenol A (BPA) and its metabolites in saliva and urine. These compounds have estrogenic-like properties that have raised concerns about their safety. Small amounts of the chemicals can leach out of dental sealants and be detected in saliva soon after the sealants are applied. Dental composites also contain some of these compounds.

U.S. Commissioned Corps officers who need fillings as part of their regular dental treatment and who select composite (white) restorations instead of amalgam (metal) may be included in this protocol. Participants are recruited from among officers receiving dental care at the commissioned officers dental clinic in Rockville, Md.

Participants complete a 15-minute interview to gather information about their recent diet and eating patterns. They also provide 3 to 4 urine and saliva samples, some collected before their dental restoration and some after treatment.

Detailed Description

A study by Olea et al in 1996 reported quantities of specific estrogenic compounds, Bisphenol A (BPA), bis-glycidyl methacrylate (bis-GMA) and Bis-A-dimethacrylate (bis-DMA) in saliva associated with the placement of certain dental sealants. This report raised concern regarding the safety of dental sealants and composite restorations. In a subsequent study bis-GMA was found to be stable, but bis-DMA was shown to hydrolyze to BPA, which likely accounts for the BPA detected in extracts from certain sealants. Another study reported detectable amounts of triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA) and BPA diglycidyl ether (BADGE) were released from sealants into saliva. All of these compounds have been shown to have deleterious effects for specific endpoints in vitro and various endocrine disruptive effects in some animal models, although results have not been consistent across animal strain, mode of administration, diet and other unknown factors. Detectable levels in plasma have not been shown.

Since there are insufficient data on the leachability concentrations in body fluids of these compounds associated with composite fillings in humans it is important to determine whether or not there are detectable levels of these compounds associated with the placement of composite restorations, and if so, whether the levels are sufficiently below the maximum acceptable or reference dose established by the EPA. For bisphenol A the maximum acceptable dose is 0.05 milligrams per kilogram of body weight per day (US EPA, 1993).

The National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, the National Toxicology Program of the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, and the Commissioned Officers Dental Clinic Dentists have a unique opportunity to conduct a collaborative investigation at the Commissioned Officers Dental Clinic (CODC) in Rockville, MD involving commissioned officers who need dental restorations. This study will determine whether or not the placement of composite restorations is associated with the presence of these compounds in saliva. This is particularly timely since the number of composite restorations placed by dentists practicing in the U.S is rapidly increasing with over 80 million composite restorations placed in 1999 (ADA, 2001). It is of relevance to the U.S. Public Health Service Commissioned Officers Dental Clinic (CODC) because the CODC places composite materials in its dental clinic and wants to ensure that commissioned officers are receiving the best and safest possible dental care.

Conditions

Dental Restorations

Keywords

Dental Materials; Resins; BisDMA; Absorption; Systemic

Eligibility Criteria

Inclusion Criteria

Individual patients who require at least one restoration are eligible. We will give preference to patients who require multiple restorations that qualify for a composite filling material. Every attempt will be made to adequately represent women and minorities into the study.

Exclusion Criteria

Individual patients who have received composite restorations or pit and fissure sealants during the past 3 months and individuals who wear removable dental appliances, such as orthodontic retainers or partial dentures, will be excluded.

• Minimum Eligible Age: 20 Years
• Maximum Eligible Age: 60 Years
• Eligible Sex: ALL
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Sponsors

National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR)

NIH

Sponsor Role: lead

Principal Investigators

Albert Kingman, Ph.D.

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR)

Locations

Commissioned Officers Dental Clinic (CODC)

Rockville, Maryland, United States

Kessler Air Force Base Dental Clinic

Biloxi, Mississippi, United States

Countries

United States

References

Kingman A, Hyman J, Masten SA, Jayaram B, Smith C, Eichmiller F, Arnold MC, Wong PA, Schaeffer JM, Solanki S, Dunn WJ. Bisphenol A and other compounds in human saliva and urine associated with the placement of composite restorations. J Am Dent Assoc. 2012 Dec;143(12):1292-302. doi: 10.14219/jada.archive.2012.0090.

Reference Type: DERIVED

PMID: 23204083 (View on PubMed)

Other Identifiers

04-D-N253

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: secondary_id

999904253

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id