Trial Outcomes & Findings for A Safety and Efficacy Study of Two Japanese Encephalitis Vaccines ChimeriVax™-JE and JE-VAX (NCT NCT00314145)

NCT ID: NCT00314145

Last Updated: 2012-12-06

Results Overview

Antibodies to Japanese encephalitis (JE) were measured by 50% plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT50). Seroconversion was defined as a titer of ≥ 1:10.

Recruitment status

COMPLETED

Study phase

PHASE3

Target enrollment

820 participants

Primary outcome timeframe

Up to Day 60 post-first vaccination

Results posted on

2012-12-06

Participant Flow

Participants were enrolled and treated from 07 November 2005 to 15 November 2006 at 5 clinical centers in Australia and 5 clinical centers in the US.

A total of 820 participants who met all of the inclusion criteria and none of the exclusion criteria were enrolled and vaccinated.

Participant milestones

Participant milestones
Measure
JE-VAX®
All participants received 1 subcutaneous dose each of JE-VAX® vaccine on Days 0, 7, and 30, and a subcutaneous dose of saline placebo into a different arm on Day 30.
ChimeriVax™-JE
All participants received 1 dose each of saline placebo on Days 0 and 7. On Day 30, participants received vaccinations of ChimeriVax™-JE vaccine 4 log10 Plaque-forming unit (PFU) and saline placebo into different arms.
Overall Study
STARTED
410
410
Overall Study
COMPLETED
389
381
Overall Study
NOT COMPLETED
21
29

Reasons for withdrawal

Reasons for withdrawal
Measure
JE-VAX®
All participants received 1 subcutaneous dose each of JE-VAX® vaccine on Days 0, 7, and 30, and a subcutaneous dose of saline placebo into a different arm on Day 30.
ChimeriVax™-JE
All participants received 1 dose each of saline placebo on Days 0 and 7. On Day 30, participants received vaccinations of ChimeriVax™-JE vaccine 4 log10 Plaque-forming unit (PFU) and saline placebo into different arms.
Overall Study
Withdrawal by Subject
8
10
Overall Study
Lost to Follow-up
5
12
Overall Study
Physician Decision
3
4
Overall Study
Adverse Event
0
3
Overall Study
Protocol Violation
3
0
Overall Study
Sponsor Decision
2
0

Baseline Characteristics

A Safety and Efficacy Study of Two Japanese Encephalitis Vaccines ChimeriVax™-JE and JE-VAX

Baseline characteristics by cohort

Baseline characteristics by cohort
Measure
JE-VAX®
n=410 Participants
All participants received 1 subcutaneous dose each of JE-VAX® vaccine on Days 0, 7, and 30, and a subcutaneous dose of saline placebo into a different arm on Day 30.
ChimeriVax™-JE
n=410 Participants
All participants received 1 dose each of saline placebo on Days 0 and 7. On Day 30, participants received vaccinations of ChimeriVax™-JE vaccine 4 log10 Plaque-forming unit (PFU) and saline placebo into different arms.
Total
n=820 Participants
Total of all reporting groups
Age, Categorical
<=18 years
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
Age, Categorical
Between 18 and 65 years
410 Participants
n=5 Participants
410 Participants
n=7 Participants
820 Participants
n=5 Participants
Age, Categorical
>=65 years
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
Age Continuous
37.0 Years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 14.81 • n=5 Participants
37.7 Years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 15.11 • n=7 Participants
37.4 Years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 14.96 • n=5 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Female
205 Participants
n=5 Participants
217 Participants
n=7 Participants
422 Participants
n=5 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Male
205 Participants
n=5 Participants
193 Participants
n=7 Participants
398 Participants
n=5 Participants
Region of Enrollment
Australia
203 Participants
n=5 Participants
120 Participants
n=7 Participants
323 Participants
n=5 Participants
Region of Enrollment
United States
207 Participants
n=5 Participants
290 Participants
n=7 Participants
497 Participants
n=5 Participants

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Up to Day 60 post-first vaccination

Population: Seroconversion was assessed in all participants who were seronegative to JE (both Nakayama and ChimeriVax™-JE strains) at baseline and had no protocol violations that would have interfered with evaluation of primary outcomes (Efficacy Population).

Antibodies to Japanese encephalitis (JE) were measured by 50% plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT50). Seroconversion was defined as a titer of ≥ 1:10.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
JE-VAX®
n=365 Participants
All participants received 1 subcutaneous dose each of JE-VAX® vaccine on Days 0, 7, and 30, and a subcutaneous dose of saline placebo into a different arm on Day 30.
ChimeriVax™-JE
n=346 Participants
All participants received 1 subcutaneous dose each of saline placebo on Days 0 and 7. On Day 30, participants received vaccinations of ChimeriVax™-JE vaccine 4 log10 PFU and saline placebo into different arms.
Number of Participants With Japanese Encephalitis (Homologous Virus) Seroconversion Following Either ChimeriVax™-JE or JE-Vax® Vaccination
Day 44 (N = 0, 346)
NA Participants
Seroconversion was not assessed at this time point for this group.
324 Participants
Number of Participants With Japanese Encephalitis (Homologous Virus) Seroconversion Following Either ChimeriVax™-JE or JE-Vax® Vaccination
Day 60 (N = 365, 346)
273 Participants
343 Participants

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Day 0 (Pre-vaccination) up to 60 days post-first vaccination

Population: Treatment emergent local adverse events and systemic reactions were assessed in all subjects who had at least one injection (ChimeriVax™-JE, JE-Vax®, or placebo), according to the treatment actually received (Safety Population).

Treatment emergent local adverse events: Pain, Erythema, Pruritus, Swelling, Induration, and others as reported. Treatment emergent systemic reactions: Fatigue, Malaise, Chills, Pyrexia, Headache, Myalgia, Arthralgia, Diarrhea, Nausea, Vomiting, and Rash.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
JE-VAX®
n=410 Participants
All participants received 1 subcutaneous dose each of JE-VAX® vaccine on Days 0, 7, and 30, and a subcutaneous dose of saline placebo into a different arm on Day 30.
ChimeriVax™-JE
n=410 Participants
All participants received 1 subcutaneous dose each of saline placebo on Days 0 and 7. On Day 30, participants received vaccinations of ChimeriVax™-JE vaccine 4 log10 PFU and saline placebo into different arms.
Number of Participants Reporting Treatment Emergent Local Adverse Events and Treatment Emergent Systemic Reactions Post-Vaccination With Either ChimeriVax™-JE or JE-Vax®
Injection Site Pain
262 Participants
105 Participants
Number of Participants Reporting Treatment Emergent Local Adverse Events and Treatment Emergent Systemic Reactions Post-Vaccination With Either ChimeriVax™-JE or JE-Vax®
Injection Site Erythema
123 Participants
27 Participants
Number of Participants Reporting Treatment Emergent Local Adverse Events and Treatment Emergent Systemic Reactions Post-Vaccination With Either ChimeriVax™-JE or JE-Vax®
Injection Site Pruritus
107 Participants
29 Participants
Number of Participants Reporting Treatment Emergent Local Adverse Events and Treatment Emergent Systemic Reactions Post-Vaccination With Either ChimeriVax™-JE or JE-Vax®
Injection Site Swelling
85 Participants
15 Participants
Number of Participants Reporting Treatment Emergent Local Adverse Events and Treatment Emergent Systemic Reactions Post-Vaccination With Either ChimeriVax™-JE or JE-Vax®
Injection Site Hemorrhage
20 Participants
14 Participants
Number of Participants Reporting Treatment Emergent Local Adverse Events and Treatment Emergent Systemic Reactions Post-Vaccination With Either ChimeriVax™-JE or JE-Vax®
Injection Site Rash
6 Participants
2 Participants
Number of Participants Reporting Treatment Emergent Local Adverse Events and Treatment Emergent Systemic Reactions Post-Vaccination With Either ChimeriVax™-JE or JE-Vax®
Injection Site Edema
2 Participants
0 Participants
Number of Participants Reporting Treatment Emergent Local Adverse Events and Treatment Emergent Systemic Reactions Post-Vaccination With Either ChimeriVax™-JE or JE-Vax®
Injection Site Joint Pain
1 Participants
1 Participants
Number of Participants Reporting Treatment Emergent Local Adverse Events and Treatment Emergent Systemic Reactions Post-Vaccination With Either ChimeriVax™-JE or JE-Vax®
Injection Site Reaction
1 Participants
1 Participants
Number of Participants Reporting Treatment Emergent Local Adverse Events and Treatment Emergent Systemic Reactions Post-Vaccination With Either ChimeriVax™-JE or JE-Vax®
Injection Site Discomfort
1 Participants
0 Participants
Number of Participants Reporting Treatment Emergent Local Adverse Events and Treatment Emergent Systemic Reactions Post-Vaccination With Either ChimeriVax™-JE or JE-Vax®
Injection Site Joint Movement Impairment
0 Participants
1 Participants
Number of Participants Reporting Treatment Emergent Local Adverse Events and Treatment Emergent Systemic Reactions Post-Vaccination With Either ChimeriVax™-JE or JE-Vax®
Injection Site Warmth
0 Participants
1 Participants
Number of Participants Reporting Treatment Emergent Local Adverse Events and Treatment Emergent Systemic Reactions Post-Vaccination With Either ChimeriVax™-JE or JE-Vax®
Venipuncture Site Bruise
1 Participants
0 Participants
Number of Participants Reporting Treatment Emergent Local Adverse Events and Treatment Emergent Systemic Reactions Post-Vaccination With Either ChimeriVax™-JE or JE-Vax®
Fatigue
131 Participants
152 Participants
Number of Participants Reporting Treatment Emergent Local Adverse Events and Treatment Emergent Systemic Reactions Post-Vaccination With Either ChimeriVax™-JE or JE-Vax®
Malaise
113 Participants
113 Participants
Number of Participants Reporting Treatment Emergent Local Adverse Events and Treatment Emergent Systemic Reactions Post-Vaccination With Either ChimeriVax™-JE or JE-Vax®
Chills
32 Participants
43 Participants
Number of Participants Reporting Treatment Emergent Local Adverse Events and Treatment Emergent Systemic Reactions Post-Vaccination With Either ChimeriVax™-JE or JE-Vax®
Pyrexia
18 Participants
14 Participants
Number of Participants Reporting Treatment Emergent Local Adverse Events and Treatment Emergent Systemic Reactions Post-Vaccination With Either ChimeriVax™-JE or JE-Vax®
Headache
190 Participants
193 Participants
Number of Participants Reporting Treatment Emergent Local Adverse Events and Treatment Emergent Systemic Reactions Post-Vaccination With Either ChimeriVax™-JE or JE-Vax®
Myalgia
107 Participants
105 Participants
Number of Participants Reporting Treatment Emergent Local Adverse Events and Treatment Emergent Systemic Reactions Post-Vaccination With Either ChimeriVax™-JE or JE-Vax®
Arthralgia
58 Participants
58 Participants
Number of Participants Reporting Treatment Emergent Local Adverse Events and Treatment Emergent Systemic Reactions Post-Vaccination With Either ChimeriVax™-JE or JE-Vax®
Diarrhea
56 Participants
57 Participants
Number of Participants Reporting Treatment Emergent Local Adverse Events and Treatment Emergent Systemic Reactions Post-Vaccination With Either ChimeriVax™-JE or JE-Vax®
Nausea
53 Participants
56 Participants
Number of Participants Reporting Treatment Emergent Local Adverse Events and Treatment Emergent Systemic Reactions Post-Vaccination With Either ChimeriVax™-JE or JE-Vax®
Vomiting
15 Participants
13 Participants
Number of Participants Reporting Treatment Emergent Local Adverse Events and Treatment Emergent Systemic Reactions Post-Vaccination With Either ChimeriVax™-JE or JE-Vax®
Rash
26 Participants
23 Participants

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Up to Day 60 post-first vaccination

Population: Geometric mean titers were assessed in all participants who were seronegative to JE (both Nakayama and ChimeriVax™-JE strains) at baseline and had no protocol violations that would have interfered with evaluation of primary outcomes (Efficacy Population).

Antibodies to Japanese encephalitis (JE) were measured by 50% plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT50).

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
JE-VAX®
n=365 Participants
All participants received 1 subcutaneous dose each of JE-VAX® vaccine on Days 0, 7, and 30, and a subcutaneous dose of saline placebo into a different arm on Day 30.
ChimeriVax™-JE
n=346 Participants
All participants received 1 subcutaneous dose each of saline placebo on Days 0 and 7. On Day 30, participants received vaccinations of ChimeriVax™-JE vaccine 4 log10 PFU and saline placebo into different arms.
Neutralizing Antibody Geometric Mean Titers (GMTs) to Japanese Encephalitis (Homologous Virus) Following Either ChimeriVax™-JE or JE-Vax® Vaccination
Day 44 (N = 0, 346)
NA Titers
Geometric mean titers were not assessed at this time point for this group.
312.3 Titers
Interval 255.1 to 382.3
Neutralizing Antibody Geometric Mean Titers (GMTs) to Japanese Encephalitis (Homologous Virus) Following Either ChimeriVax™-JE or JE-Vax® Vaccination
Day 60 (N = 365, 346)
37.4 Titers
Interval 32.5 to 42.9
1391.7 Titers
Interval 1156.6 to 1674.5

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Day 60 post-first vaccination

Population: Antibody titers were assessed in all participants who were seronegative to JE (both Nakayama and ChimeriVax™-JE strains) at baseline and had no protocol violations that would have interfered with evaluation of primary outcomes (Efficacy Population).

Antibodies to Japanese encephalitis (JE) were measured by 50% plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT50).

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
JE-VAX®
n=365 Participants
All participants received 1 subcutaneous dose each of JE-VAX® vaccine on Days 0, 7, and 30, and a subcutaneous dose of saline placebo into a different arm on Day 30.
ChimeriVax™-JE
n=346 Participants
All participants received 1 subcutaneous dose each of saline placebo on Days 0 and 7. On Day 30, participants received vaccinations of ChimeriVax™-JE vaccine 4 log10 PFU and saline placebo into different arms.
Number of Participants in the Japanese Encephalitis (Homologous Virus) Neutralizing Antibody Titer Categories on Day 60 Following Either ChimeriVax™-JE or JE-Vax® Vaccination
Titer < 10
63 Participants
3 Participants
Number of Participants in the Japanese Encephalitis (Homologous Virus) Neutralizing Antibody Titer Categories on Day 60 Following Either ChimeriVax™-JE or JE-Vax® Vaccination
Titer 10 to < 20
29 Participants
0 Participants
Number of Participants in the Japanese Encephalitis (Homologous Virus) Neutralizing Antibody Titer Categories on Day 60 Following Either ChimeriVax™-JE or JE-Vax® Vaccination
Titer 20 to < 40
51 Participants
4 Participants
Number of Participants in the Japanese Encephalitis (Homologous Virus) Neutralizing Antibody Titer Categories on Day 60 Following Either ChimeriVax™-JE or JE-Vax® Vaccination
Titer 40 to < 160
151 Participants
18 Participants
Number of Participants in the Japanese Encephalitis (Homologous Virus) Neutralizing Antibody Titer Categories on Day 60 Following Either ChimeriVax™-JE or JE-Vax® Vaccination
Titer 160 to < 640
63 Participants
76 Participants
Number of Participants in the Japanese Encephalitis (Homologous Virus) Neutralizing Antibody Titer Categories on Day 60 Following Either ChimeriVax™-JE or JE-Vax® Vaccination
Titer 640 to < 2560
6 Participants
75 Participants
Number of Participants in the Japanese Encephalitis (Homologous Virus) Neutralizing Antibody Titer Categories on Day 60 Following Either ChimeriVax™-JE or JE-Vax® Vaccination
Titer ≥ 2560
2 Participants
170 Participants

Adverse Events

JE-VAX®

Serious events: 3 serious events
Other events: 262 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

ChimeriVax™-JE

Serious events: 2 serious events
Other events: 193 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Serious adverse events

Serious adverse events
Measure
JE-VAX®
n=410 participants at risk
All participants received 1 subcutaneous dose each of JE-VAX® vaccine on Days 0, 7, and 30, and a subcutaneous dose of saline placebo into a different arm on Day 30.
ChimeriVax™-JE
n=410 participants at risk
All participants received 1 dose each of saline placebo on Days 0 and 7. On Day 30, participants received vaccinations of ChimeriVax™-JE vaccine 4 log10 Plaque-forming unit (PFU) and saline placebo into different arms.
General disorders
Non Cardiac Chest Pain
0.00%
0/410 • Adverse events data were collected from Day 0 (post-vaccination) through Day 60 post first vaccination.
0.24%
1/410 • Number of events 1 • Adverse events data were collected from Day 0 (post-vaccination) through Day 60 post first vaccination.
Hepatobiliary disorders
Cholecystitis
0.24%
1/410 • Number of events 1 • Adverse events data were collected from Day 0 (post-vaccination) through Day 60 post first vaccination.
0.00%
0/410 • Adverse events data were collected from Day 0 (post-vaccination) through Day 60 post first vaccination.
Immune system disorders
Drug Hypersensitivity
0.24%
1/410 • Number of events 1 • Adverse events data were collected from Day 0 (post-vaccination) through Day 60 post first vaccination.
0.00%
0/410 • Adverse events data were collected from Day 0 (post-vaccination) through Day 60 post first vaccination.
Injury, poisoning and procedural complications
Head Injury
0.00%
0/410 • Adverse events data were collected from Day 0 (post-vaccination) through Day 60 post first vaccination.
0.24%
1/410 • Number of events 1 • Adverse events data were collected from Day 0 (post-vaccination) through Day 60 post first vaccination.
Nervous system disorders
Multiple Sclerosis
0.00%
0/410 • Adverse events data were collected from Day 0 (post-vaccination) through Day 60 post first vaccination.
0.24%
1/410 • Number of events 1 • Adverse events data were collected from Day 0 (post-vaccination) through Day 60 post first vaccination.
Nervous system disorders
Parkinson's Disease
0.00%
0/410 • Adverse events data were collected from Day 0 (post-vaccination) through Day 60 post first vaccination.
0.24%
1/410 • Number of events 1 • Adverse events data were collected from Day 0 (post-vaccination) through Day 60 post first vaccination.
Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
Chronic Obstructive Airways Disease Exacerbated
0.24%
1/410 • Number of events 1 • Adverse events data were collected from Day 0 (post-vaccination) through Day 60 post first vaccination.
0.00%
0/410 • Adverse events data were collected from Day 0 (post-vaccination) through Day 60 post first vaccination.

Other adverse events

Other adverse events
Measure
JE-VAX®
n=410 participants at risk
All participants received 1 subcutaneous dose each of JE-VAX® vaccine on Days 0, 7, and 30, and a subcutaneous dose of saline placebo into a different arm on Day 30.
ChimeriVax™-JE
n=410 participants at risk
All participants received 1 dose each of saline placebo on Days 0 and 7. On Day 30, participants received vaccinations of ChimeriVax™-JE vaccine 4 log10 Plaque-forming unit (PFU) and saline placebo into different arms.
Gastrointestinal disorders
Diarrhea
13.7%
56/410 • Number of events 80 • Adverse events data were collected from Day 0 (post-vaccination) through Day 60 post first vaccination.
13.9%
57/410 • Number of events 99 • Adverse events data were collected from Day 0 (post-vaccination) through Day 60 post first vaccination.
Gastrointestinal disorders
Nausea
12.9%
53/410 • Number of events 96 • Adverse events data were collected from Day 0 (post-vaccination) through Day 60 post first vaccination.
13.7%
56/410 • Number of events 75 • Adverse events data were collected from Day 0 (post-vaccination) through Day 60 post first vaccination.
General disorders
Chills
7.8%
32/410 • Number of events 48 • Adverse events data were collected from Day 0 (post-vaccination) through Day 60 post first vaccination.
10.5%
43/410 • Number of events 68 • Adverse events data were collected from Day 0 (post-vaccination) through Day 60 post first vaccination.
General disorders
Fatigue
32.0%
131/410 • Number of events 399 • Adverse events data were collected from Day 0 (post-vaccination) through Day 60 post first vaccination.
37.1%
152/410 • Number of events 366 • Adverse events data were collected from Day 0 (post-vaccination) through Day 60 post first vaccination.
General disorders
Injection Site Pain
63.9%
262/410 • Number of events 804 • Adverse events data were collected from Day 0 (post-vaccination) through Day 60 post first vaccination.
25.6%
105/410 • Number of events 207 • Adverse events data were collected from Day 0 (post-vaccination) through Day 60 post first vaccination.
General disorders
Injection Site Erythema
30.0%
123/410 • Number of events 256 • Adverse events data were collected from Day 0 (post-vaccination) through Day 60 post first vaccination.
6.6%
27/410 • Number of events 35 • Adverse events data were collected from Day 0 (post-vaccination) through Day 60 post first vaccination.
General disorders
Injection Site Pruritus
26.1%
107/410 • Number of events 187 • Adverse events data were collected from Day 0 (post-vaccination) through Day 60 post first vaccination.
7.1%
29/410 • Number of events 46 • Adverse events data were collected from Day 0 (post-vaccination) through Day 60 post first vaccination.
General disorders
Injection Site Swelling
20.7%
85/410 • Number of events 149 • Adverse events data were collected from Day 0 (post-vaccination) through Day 60 post first vaccination.
3.7%
15/410 • Number of events 16 • Adverse events data were collected from Day 0 (post-vaccination) through Day 60 post first vaccination.
General disorders
Malaise
27.6%
113/410 • Number of events 248 • Adverse events data were collected from Day 0 (post-vaccination) through Day 60 post first vaccination.
27.6%
113/410 • Number of events 224 • Adverse events data were collected from Day 0 (post-vaccination) through Day 60 post first vaccination.
Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
Myalgia
26.1%
107/410 • Number of events 228 • Adverse events data were collected from Day 0 (post-vaccination) through Day 60 post first vaccination.
25.6%
105/410 • Number of events 192 • Adverse events data were collected from Day 0 (post-vaccination) through Day 60 post first vaccination.
Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
Arthralgia
14.1%
58/410 • Number of events 99 • Adverse events data were collected from Day 0 (post-vaccination) through Day 60 post first vaccination.
14.1%
58/410 • Number of events 122 • Adverse events data were collected from Day 0 (post-vaccination) through Day 60 post first vaccination.
Nervous system disorders
Headache
46.3%
190/410 • Number of events 546 • Adverse events data were collected from Day 0 (post-vaccination) through Day 60 post first vaccination.
47.1%
193/410 • Number of events 465 • Adverse events data were collected from Day 0 (post-vaccination) through Day 60 post first vaccination.
Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders
Rash
6.3%
26/410 • Number of events 36 • Adverse events data were collected from Day 0 (post-vaccination) through Day 60 post first vaccination.
5.6%
23/410 • Number of events 33 • Adverse events data were collected from Day 0 (post-vaccination) through Day 60 post first vaccination.

Additional Information

Medical Director

Sanofi Pasteur Inc.

Results disclosure agreements

  • Principal investigator is a sponsor employee Sponsor must have the opportunity to review at least 60 days prior to submission for publication or presentation. If review indicates that potentially patentable subject matter would be disclosed, publication or public disclosure may be delayed for a maximum of an additional 60 days to allow for filing the necessary patent applications.
  • Publication restrictions are in place

Restriction type: OTHER