Trial Outcomes & Findings for Acupuncture for Urinary Incontinence (NCT NCT00297427)

NCT ID: NCT00297427

Last Updated: 2016-10-24

Results Overview

Percent change in incontinent episodes (measured by self-report electronic bladder diary) at 1 week post-intervention (true or sham acupuncture) relative to baseline.

Recruitment status

COMPLETED

Study phase

PHASE2

Target enrollment

127 participants

Primary outcome timeframe

Baseline to 1 Week post-intervention

Results posted on

2016-10-24

Participant Flow

Participant milestones

Participant milestones
Measure
Acupuncture
Acupuncture: Acupuncture twice weekly for 6 weeks.
Sham Acupuncture
Sham acupuncture: Twice a week for 6 weeks
Phase 1: Initial Intervention
STARTED
64
63
Phase 1: Initial Intervention
COMPLETED
56
54
Phase 1: Initial Intervention
NOT COMPLETED
8
9
Phase 2: Optional Crossover for Sham
STARTED
54
0
Phase 2: Optional Crossover for Sham
Crossed Over to True Acupuncture
42
0
Phase 2: Optional Crossover for Sham
COMPLETED
38
0
Phase 2: Optional Crossover for Sham
NOT COMPLETED
16
0
Phase 3: Follow-up Post-True Acupuncture
STARTED
94
0
Phase 3: Follow-up Post-True Acupuncture
COMPLETED
60
0
Phase 3: Follow-up Post-True Acupuncture
NOT COMPLETED
34
0

Reasons for withdrawal

Reasons for withdrawal
Measure
Acupuncture
Acupuncture: Acupuncture twice weekly for 6 weeks.
Sham Acupuncture
Sham acupuncture: Twice a week for 6 weeks
Phase 1: Initial Intervention
Withdrawal by Subject
8
5
Phase 1: Initial Intervention
Lost to Follow-up
0
3
Phase 1: Initial Intervention
Death
0
1
Phase 2: Optional Crossover for Sham
Withdrawal by Subject
15
0
Phase 2: Optional Crossover for Sham
Lost to Follow-up
1
0
Phase 3: Follow-up Post-True Acupuncture
Withdrawal by Subject
29
0
Phase 3: Follow-up Post-True Acupuncture
Lost to Follow-up
3
0
Phase 3: Follow-up Post-True Acupuncture
Could not complete outcome diary
2
0

Baseline Characteristics

Acupuncture for Urinary Incontinence

Baseline characteristics by cohort

Baseline characteristics by cohort
Measure
Acupuncture
n=64 Participants
Acupuncture: Acupuncture twice weekly for 6 weeks.
Sham Acupuncture
n=63 Participants
Sham acupuncture: Twice a week for 6 weeks
Total
n=127 Participants
Total of all reporting groups
Age, Continuous
56.31 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 11.93 • n=5 Participants
57.41 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 11.86 • n=7 Participants
56.86 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 11.86 • n=5 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Female
64 Participants
n=5 Participants
63 Participants
n=7 Participants
127 Participants
n=5 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Male
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Hispanic or Latino
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Not Hispanic or Latino
62 Participants
n=5 Participants
63 Participants
n=7 Participants
125 Participants
n=5 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Unknown or Not Reported
2 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
2 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
American Indian or Alaska Native
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Asian
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Black or African American
9 Participants
n=5 Participants
5 Participants
n=7 Participants
14 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
White
50 Participants
n=5 Participants
57 Participants
n=7 Participants
107 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
More than one race
3 Participants
n=5 Participants
1 Participants
n=7 Participants
4 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Unknown or Not Reported
2 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
2 Participants
n=5 Participants
BMI
29.47 Kg/m^2
STANDARD_DEVIATION 6.68 • n=5 Participants
29.54 Kg/m^2
STANDARD_DEVIATION 6.65 • n=7 Participants
29.50 Kg/m^2
STANDARD_DEVIATION 6.64 • n=5 Participants
Co-morbidities
2.92 co-morbid health problems
STANDARD_DEVIATION 2.37 • n=5 Participants
2.82 co-morbid health problems
STANDARD_DEVIATION 2.09 • n=7 Participants
2.87 co-morbid health problems
STANDARD_DEVIATION 2.23 • n=5 Participants
Number of prescription medications
2.20 Prescription medications
STANDARD_DEVIATION 2.2 • n=5 Participants
2.22 Prescription medications
STANDARD_DEVIATION 2.33 • n=7 Participants
2.21 Prescription medications
STANDARD_DEVIATION 2.26 • n=5 Participants
Vaginal deliveries
1.59 Vaginal deliveries
STANDARD_DEVIATION 1.51 • n=5 Participants
1.43 Vaginal deliveries
STANDARD_DEVIATION 1.24 • n=7 Participants
1.51 Vaginal deliveries
STANDARD_DEVIATION 1.38 • n=5 Participants
Menopausal Status
Postmenopausal
41 participants
n=5 Participants
43 participants
n=7 Participants
84 participants
n=5 Participants
Menopausal Status
Premenopausal
23 participants
n=5 Participants
20 participants
n=7 Participants
43 participants
n=5 Participants
Hormone replacement therapy
Yes
7 participants
n=5 Participants
7 participants
n=7 Participants
14 participants
n=5 Participants
Hormone replacement therapy
No
34 participants
n=5 Participants
36 participants
n=7 Participants
70 participants
n=5 Participants
Hormone replacement therapy
No applicable (premenopausal)
23 participants
n=5 Participants
20 participants
n=7 Participants
43 participants
n=5 Participants
Limited mobility
Yes
8 participants
n=5 Participants
9 participants
n=7 Participants
17 participants
n=5 Participants
Limited mobility
No
56 participants
n=5 Participants
54 participants
n=7 Participants
110 participants
n=5 Participants
Incontinent episodes/day
2.19 episodes/day
STANDARD_DEVIATION 1.57 • n=5 Participants
2.59 episodes/day
STANDARD_DEVIATION 2.12 • n=7 Participants
2.39 episodes/day
STANDARD_DEVIATION 1.87 • n=5 Participants
Duration of urinary incontinence
9.81 Years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 9.08 • n=5 Participants
8.61 Years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 9.98 • n=7 Participants
9.22 Years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 9.52 • n=5 Participants
Mental Health-Related Quality of Life
55.49 units on a scale
n=5 Participants
55.90 units on a scale
n=7 Participants
55.67 units on a scale
n=5 Participants
Physical Health-Related Quality of Life
54.32 units on a scale
n=5 Participants
53.83 units on a scale
n=7 Participants
54.17 units on a scale
n=5 Participants
Incontinence-Specific Quality of Life
55.95 units on a scale
n=5 Participants
61.43 units on a scale
n=7 Participants
57.78 units on a scale
n=5 Participants

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline to 1 Week post-intervention

Population: Intention-to-treat

Percent change in incontinent episodes (measured by self-report electronic bladder diary) at 1 week post-intervention (true or sham acupuncture) relative to baseline.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Acupuncture
n=64 Participants
Acupuncture: Acupuncture twice weekly for 6 weeks.
Sham Acupuncture
n=63 Participants
Sham acupuncture: Twice a week for 6 weeks
Percent Change in Incontinent Episodes
-38.26 percent change in incontinent episodes
Standard Deviation 42.63
-15.29 percent change in incontinent episodes
Standard Deviation 65.41

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: 4 weeks post true or sham acupuncture

Population: Intention-to-treat analysis

Percent change in incontinent episodes (measured by self-report electronic bladder diary) 4 weeks post true or sham acupuncture

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Acupuncture
n=64 Participants
Acupuncture: Acupuncture twice weekly for 6 weeks.
Sham Acupuncture
n=63 Participants
Sham acupuncture: Twice a week for 6 weeks
Percent Change in Incontinent Episodes
-42.49 percent change in incontinent episodes
Standard Deviation 40.24
-34.47 percent change in incontinent episodes
Standard Deviation 49.98

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: 1 Week post-intervention

Population: Intention-to-treat

Percent change in physical health related quality of life measured at 1 week post-intervention (true or sham acupuncture) relative to baseline; measured by the Medical Outcomes Study Short Form-36 (SF-36) Physical Component score. Higher SF-36 Physical Component scores are considered a better outcome.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Acupuncture
n=64 Participants
Acupuncture: Acupuncture twice weekly for 6 weeks.
Sham Acupuncture
n=63 Participants
Sham acupuncture: Twice a week for 6 weeks
Physical Health-Related Quality of Live
0 percentage change relative to baseline
Interval -3.78 to 7.29
0 percentage change relative to baseline
Interval -6.7 to 3.35

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: 4-weeks post-intervention

Population: Intention-to-treat

Percent change in physical health related quality of life measured at 4 weeks post intervention (true or sham acupuncture) relative to baseline; measured by the Medical Outcomes Study Short Form-36 (SF-36) Physical Component score. Positive change indicates an increase in physical health-related quality of life.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Acupuncture
n=64 Participants
Acupuncture: Acupuncture twice weekly for 6 weeks.
Sham Acupuncture
n=63 Participants
Sham acupuncture: Twice a week for 6 weeks
Physical Health-Related Quality of Life
0.37 percentage change relative to baseline
Interval -2.12 to 10.73
0 percentage change relative to baseline
Interval -4.42 to 4.43

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: 1 week post-intervention

Population: Intention to treat analysis

Percent change in mental health related quality of life measured at 1 week1 post intervention (true or sham acupuncture) relative to baseline; measured by the Medical Outcomes Study Short Form-36 (SF-36) Mental Health Component score. Higher Mental Health Component scores are considered a better outcome.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Acupuncture
n=64 Participants
Acupuncture: Acupuncture twice weekly for 6 weeks.
Sham Acupuncture
n=63 Participants
Sham acupuncture: Twice a week for 6 weeks
Mental Health Related Quality of Life
0 percentage change relative to baseline
Interval -5.71 to 7.29
2.66 percentage change relative to baseline
Interval 0.0 to 8.76

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: 4 weeks post true or sham acupuncture

Population: Intention-to-treat

Percent change in mental health related quality of life measured at 4 weeks post intervention (true or sham acupuncture) relative to baseline; measured by the Medical Outcomes Study Short Form-36 (SF-36) Mental Health Component score.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Acupuncture
n=64 Participants
Acupuncture: Acupuncture twice weekly for 6 weeks.
Sham Acupuncture
n=63 Participants
Sham acupuncture: Twice a week for 6 weeks
Mental Health Related Quality of Life
0 percentage change relative to baseline
Interval -5.59 to 3.58
1.81 percentage change relative to baseline
Interval -0.18 to 5.17

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: 1 Week post-intervention

Population: Intention-to-treat analysis

Percent change in incontinence specific quality of life at 1 week post intervention (true or sham acupuncture) as measured by the Incontinence Impact Questionnaire. Positive values indicate improvement in incontinence-specific quality of life.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Acupuncture
n=64 Participants
Acupuncture: Acupuncture twice weekly for 6 weeks.
Sham Acupuncture
n=63 Participants
Sham acupuncture: Twice a week for 6 weeks
Incontinence-Specific Quality of Life
26.02 percentage change relative to baseline
Interval 0.84 to 69.03
17.36 percentage change relative to baseline
Interval 0.53 to 48.61

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: 4-weeks post-intervention

Population: Intention-to-treat

Percent change in incontinence-specific quality of life a 4 weeks post-intervention (true or sham acupuncture) measured by the Incontinence Impact Questionnaire. Positive changes indicate improvement in incontinence-specific quality of life.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Acupuncture
n=64 Participants
Acupuncture: Acupuncture twice weekly for 6 weeks.
Sham Acupuncture
n=63 Participants
Sham acupuncture: Twice a week for 6 weeks
Incontinence-Specific Quality of Life
48.01 percentage change relative to baseline
Interval -6.49 to 83.4
32.04 percentage change relative to baseline
Interval -16.84 to 65.49

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: monthly during follow-up up to 6 months

Population: Subjects who received true acupuncture and completed at least a 1-month follow-visit post acupuncture

Time to relapse in months of participants who completed true acupuncture initially or who crossed-over following sham (offered to all sham participants)

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Acupuncture
n=60 Participants
Acupuncture: Acupuncture twice weekly for 6 weeks.
Sham Acupuncture
Sham acupuncture: Twice a week for 6 weeks
Duration of Any Beneficial Effects
2.17 Months
Standard Error 0.25

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Change from baseline to 4 weeks post-intervention

Population: Subjects who agreed to have a cystometrogram at baseline and 4 weeks after completing acupuncture or sham acupuncture.

Measured by filling the bladder with sterile fluid until until the subject reported a strong urge to urinate.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Acupuncture
n=23 Participants
Acupuncture: Acupuncture twice weekly for 6 weeks.
Sham Acupuncture
n=19 Participants
Sham acupuncture: Twice a week for 6 weeks
Change in Bladder Capacity
60.45 milliliters
Standard Deviation 114.91
-17.89 milliliters
Standard Deviation 121.68

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline and 4 weeks post-treatment

Documentation of a diagnostic impression of stress urinary incontinence following urodynamics

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Acupuncture
n=23 Participants
Acupuncture: Acupuncture twice weekly for 6 weeks.
Sham Acupuncture
n=19 Participants
Sham acupuncture: Twice a week for 6 weeks
Urodynamic Diagnostic Impression of Stress Urinary Incontinence
Baseline
16 participants
6 participants
Urodynamic Diagnostic Impression of Stress Urinary Incontinence
4 weeks post-intervention
4 participants
5 participants

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline and 4 weeks post true or sham acupuncture

Documentation of a diagnostic impression of urge urinary incontinence following urodynamics

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Acupuncture
n=23 Participants
Acupuncture: Acupuncture twice weekly for 6 weeks.
Sham Acupuncture
n=19 Participants
Sham acupuncture: Twice a week for 6 weeks
Urodynamic Impression of Urge Urinary Incontinence
Baseline
13 participants
13 participants
Urodynamic Impression of Urge Urinary Incontinence
4-weeks post intervention
13 participants
10 participants

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline

Population: Responders were subjects who achieved a 50% reduction in urinary incontinent episodes by 4 weeks post true acupuncture (as their initial or relayed intervention)

Glasses/cups per day of non-caffeinated fluids (including water) at baseline

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Acupuncture
n=42 Participants
Acupuncture: Acupuncture twice weekly for 6 weeks.
Sham Acupuncture
n=58 Participants
Sham acupuncture: Twice a week for 6 weeks
Characteristics of Responders Based on Glasses/Cups Per Day of Non-caffeinated Fluids (Including Water)
6.88 Glasses/cups per day
Standard Deviation 3.054
5.45 Glasses/cups per day
Standard Deviation 2.663

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline

Population: Responders were subjects who achieved a 50% reduction in urinary incontinent episodes by 4 weeks post true acupuncture (as their initial or relayed intervention)

Duration of urinary incontinence in years

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Acupuncture
n=42 Participants
Acupuncture: Acupuncture twice weekly for 6 weeks.
Sham Acupuncture
n=58 Participants
Sham acupuncture: Twice a week for 6 weeks
Characteristics of Responders: Duration of Urinary Incontinence (UI) in Years
6.93 years
Standard Deviation 6.69
10.66 years
Standard Deviation 9.42

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: 6 weeks

Population: True and sham acupuncture subjects who completed the 6 weeks of treatment; participants who dropped out of the study during treatment were not included in this analysis

Percentage of acupuncture (true or sham) visits completed as scheduled

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Acupuncture
n=56 Participants
Acupuncture: Acupuncture twice weekly for 6 weeks.
Sham Acupuncture
n=54 Participants
Sham acupuncture: Twice a week for 6 weeks
Adherence to Treatment Protocol
91.88 percent of visits
Standard Deviation 9.39
91.05 percent of visits
Standard Deviation 9.28

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: 1 week post-treatment

Population: The number of participants analyzed for this outcome was only those who completed the treatment protocol and the 1-week post-treatment visit. For this reason, the number is smaller than the number for the primary outcomes

Subjects' report of burden (difficulty) associated with the frequency, number and duration of treatment) and the position they had to remain in during the true and sham treatments. Subjects rate the difficulty associated with each of the four aspects of treatment on a 10-point scale ranging from 1 (not at all difficult) to 10 (extremely difficult). The burden score was calculated as the average of the scores on the 4 items with a possible range of 1 to 10 with higher scores indicating greater burden.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Acupuncture
n=53 Participants
Acupuncture: Acupuncture twice weekly for 6 weeks.
Sham Acupuncture
n=52 Participants
Sham acupuncture: Twice a week for 6 weeks
Burden Associated With the Acupuncture Treatment Protocol
2.25 units on a scale
Interval 1.5 to 3.25
2.25 units on a scale
Interval 1.56 to 3.5

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Monthly during the 6 month follow-up period

Population: Participants who completed true acupuncture (as either their initial treatment or following sham acupuncture), had a 50% or greater reduction in incontinent episodes at 1 or 4 weeks post-true acupuncture, and completed at least one month of follow-up.

The number of participants who were received true acupuncture (as their initial intervention or after initially receiving sham acupuncture) and were eligible to receive a booster (had a 50% or greater reduction in incontinent episodes following true acupuncture) and completed at least one month of follow-up and experienced a 30% or greater increase in incontinent episodes during follow up.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Acupuncture
n=51 Participants
Acupuncture: Acupuncture twice weekly for 6 weeks.
Sham Acupuncture
Sham acupuncture: Twice a week for 6 weeks
Need for Booster Acupuncture During Follow-up
43 participants

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: After the booster sessions

Population: Participants who received booster acupuncture treatments during follow-up

Change in the number of incontinent episodes per day following booster acupuncture

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Acupuncture
n=35 Participants
Acupuncture: Acupuncture twice weekly for 6 weeks.
Sham Acupuncture
Sham acupuncture: Twice a week for 6 weeks
Response to Booster Acupuncture if Needed
Prior to booster acupuncture
1.37 incontinent episodes/day
Standard Deviation 0.97
Response to Booster Acupuncture if Needed
Following booster acupuncture
0.77 incontinent episodes/day
Standard Deviation 0.69

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline and 1 week post true or sham acupuncture

Change in average duration of pelvic floor muscle contraction measured by electromyography. Subjects were instructed to tighten their pelvic floor muscles when prompted and hold the contraction until told to relax (up to 10 seconds). This was repeated three times and the duration of the contraction time was averaged.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Acupuncture
n=45 Participants
Acupuncture: Acupuncture twice weekly for 6 weeks.
Sham Acupuncture
n=45 Participants
Sham acupuncture: Twice a week for 6 weeks
Pelvic Floor Muscle Strength
0.78 seconds
Standard Deviation 4.66
0.04 seconds
Standard Deviation 5.02

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline and 4 weeks post true or sham acupuncture

Change in average duration of pelvic floor muscle contraction measured by electromyography. Subjects were instructed to tighten their pelvic floor muscles when prompted and hold the contraction until told to relax (up to 10 seconds). This was repeated three times and the duration of the contraction time was averaged.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Acupuncture
n=41 Participants
Acupuncture: Acupuncture twice weekly for 6 weeks.
Sham Acupuncture
n=42 Participants
Sham acupuncture: Twice a week for 6 weeks
Pelvic Floor Muscle Strength
0.71 seconds
Standard Deviation 4.98
0.53 seconds
Standard Deviation 4.01

Adverse Events

Acupuncture

Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 56 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Sham Acupuncture

Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 48 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Serious adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Other adverse events

Other adverse events
Measure
Acupuncture
n=63 participants at risk
Acupuncture: Acupuncture twice weekly for 6 weeks.
Sham Acupuncture
n=63 participants at risk
Sham acupuncture: Twice a week for 6 weeks
General disorders
Fatigue
33.3%
21/63 • 6-weeks; during the intervention period (true and sham acupuncture) adverse events were assessed after each intervention visit
After each visit subjects completed an investigator-developed acupuncture symptom questionnaire. Questions were based on a review of literature reporting adverse effects during acupuncture. Subjects were included if they completed at least one adverse event questionnaire.
25.4%
16/63 • 6-weeks; during the intervention period (true and sham acupuncture) adverse events were assessed after each intervention visit
After each visit subjects completed an investigator-developed acupuncture symptom questionnaire. Questions were based on a review of literature reporting adverse effects during acupuncture. Subjects were included if they completed at least one adverse event questionnaire.
General disorders
Drowsy
27.0%
17/63 • 6-weeks; during the intervention period (true and sham acupuncture) adverse events were assessed after each intervention visit
After each visit subjects completed an investigator-developed acupuncture symptom questionnaire. Questions were based on a review of literature reporting adverse effects during acupuncture. Subjects were included if they completed at least one adverse event questionnaire.
23.8%
15/63 • 6-weeks; during the intervention period (true and sham acupuncture) adverse events were assessed after each intervention visit
After each visit subjects completed an investigator-developed acupuncture symptom questionnaire. Questions were based on a review of literature reporting adverse effects during acupuncture. Subjects were included if they completed at least one adverse event questionnaire.
Renal and urinary disorders
Increase in incontinent episodes
41.3%
26/63 • 6-weeks; during the intervention period (true and sham acupuncture) adverse events were assessed after each intervention visit
After each visit subjects completed an investigator-developed acupuncture symptom questionnaire. Questions were based on a review of literature reporting adverse effects during acupuncture. Subjects were included if they completed at least one adverse event questionnaire.
33.3%
21/63 • 6-weeks; during the intervention period (true and sham acupuncture) adverse events were assessed after each intervention visit
After each visit subjects completed an investigator-developed acupuncture symptom questionnaire. Questions were based on a review of literature reporting adverse effects during acupuncture. Subjects were included if they completed at least one adverse event questionnaire.
Renal and urinary disorders
Increase in urinary urgency
31.7%
20/63 • 6-weeks; during the intervention period (true and sham acupuncture) adverse events were assessed after each intervention visit
After each visit subjects completed an investigator-developed acupuncture symptom questionnaire. Questions were based on a review of literature reporting adverse effects during acupuncture. Subjects were included if they completed at least one adverse event questionnaire.
28.6%
18/63 • 6-weeks; during the intervention period (true and sham acupuncture) adverse events were assessed after each intervention visit
After each visit subjects completed an investigator-developed acupuncture symptom questionnaire. Questions were based on a review of literature reporting adverse effects during acupuncture. Subjects were included if they completed at least one adverse event questionnaire.
Renal and urinary disorders
Increase in stress urinary incontinence
36.5%
23/63 • 6-weeks; during the intervention period (true and sham acupuncture) adverse events were assessed after each intervention visit
After each visit subjects completed an investigator-developed acupuncture symptom questionnaire. Questions were based on a review of literature reporting adverse effects during acupuncture. Subjects were included if they completed at least one adverse event questionnaire.
23.8%
15/63 • 6-weeks; during the intervention period (true and sham acupuncture) adverse events were assessed after each intervention visit
After each visit subjects completed an investigator-developed acupuncture symptom questionnaire. Questions were based on a review of literature reporting adverse effects during acupuncture. Subjects were included if they completed at least one adverse event questionnaire.
Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders
Itching at acupuncture site
33.3%
21/63 • 6-weeks; during the intervention period (true and sham acupuncture) adverse events were assessed after each intervention visit
After each visit subjects completed an investigator-developed acupuncture symptom questionnaire. Questions were based on a review of literature reporting adverse effects during acupuncture. Subjects were included if they completed at least one adverse event questionnaire.
25.4%
16/63 • 6-weeks; during the intervention period (true and sham acupuncture) adverse events were assessed after each intervention visit
After each visit subjects completed an investigator-developed acupuncture symptom questionnaire. Questions were based on a review of literature reporting adverse effects during acupuncture. Subjects were included if they completed at least one adverse event questionnaire.
General disorders
Dizzy
12.7%
8/63 • 6-weeks; during the intervention period (true and sham acupuncture) adverse events were assessed after each intervention visit
After each visit subjects completed an investigator-developed acupuncture symptom questionnaire. Questions were based on a review of literature reporting adverse effects during acupuncture. Subjects were included if they completed at least one adverse event questionnaire.
14.3%
9/63 • 6-weeks; during the intervention period (true and sham acupuncture) adverse events were assessed after each intervention visit
After each visit subjects completed an investigator-developed acupuncture symptom questionnaire. Questions were based on a review of literature reporting adverse effects during acupuncture. Subjects were included if they completed at least one adverse event questionnaire.
Blood and lymphatic system disorders
Bleeding at acupuncture site
65.1%
41/63 • 6-weeks; during the intervention period (true and sham acupuncture) adverse events were assessed after each intervention visit
After each visit subjects completed an investigator-developed acupuncture symptom questionnaire. Questions were based on a review of literature reporting adverse effects during acupuncture. Subjects were included if they completed at least one adverse event questionnaire.
3.2%
2/63 • 6-weeks; during the intervention period (true and sham acupuncture) adverse events were assessed after each intervention visit
After each visit subjects completed an investigator-developed acupuncture symptom questionnaire. Questions were based on a review of literature reporting adverse effects during acupuncture. Subjects were included if they completed at least one adverse event questionnaire.
General disorders
Pain during treatment
81.0%
51/63 • 6-weeks; during the intervention period (true and sham acupuncture) adverse events were assessed after each intervention visit
After each visit subjects completed an investigator-developed acupuncture symptom questionnaire. Questions were based on a review of literature reporting adverse effects during acupuncture. Subjects were included if they completed at least one adverse event questionnaire.
34.9%
22/63 • 6-weeks; during the intervention period (true and sham acupuncture) adverse events were assessed after each intervention visit
After each visit subjects completed an investigator-developed acupuncture symptom questionnaire. Questions were based on a review of literature reporting adverse effects during acupuncture. Subjects were included if they completed at least one adverse event questionnaire.
General disorders
Aching at needle insertion site(s)
65.1%
41/63 • 6-weeks; during the intervention period (true and sham acupuncture) adverse events were assessed after each intervention visit
After each visit subjects completed an investigator-developed acupuncture symptom questionnaire. Questions were based on a review of literature reporting adverse effects during acupuncture. Subjects were included if they completed at least one adverse event questionnaire.
22.2%
14/63 • 6-weeks; during the intervention period (true and sham acupuncture) adverse events were assessed after each intervention visit
After each visit subjects completed an investigator-developed acupuncture symptom questionnaire. Questions were based on a review of literature reporting adverse effects during acupuncture. Subjects were included if they completed at least one adverse event questionnaire.
Blood and lymphatic system disorders
Bruising
42.9%
27/63 • 6-weeks; during the intervention period (true and sham acupuncture) adverse events were assessed after each intervention visit
After each visit subjects completed an investigator-developed acupuncture symptom questionnaire. Questions were based on a review of literature reporting adverse effects during acupuncture. Subjects were included if they completed at least one adverse event questionnaire.
6.3%
4/63 • 6-weeks; during the intervention period (true and sham acupuncture) adverse events were assessed after each intervention visit
After each visit subjects completed an investigator-developed acupuncture symptom questionnaire. Questions were based on a review of literature reporting adverse effects during acupuncture. Subjects were included if they completed at least one adverse event questionnaire.

Additional Information

Dr. Sandra Engberg

University of Pittsburgh

Phone: 412-624-6616

Results disclosure agreements

  • Principal investigator is a sponsor employee
  • Publication restrictions are in place