Trial Outcomes & Findings for Preferred Treatment of Type 1.5 Diabetes (NCT NCT00194896)

NCT ID: NCT00194896

Last Updated: 2018-03-29

Results Overview

Changes in beta cell function assessed by fasting and stimulated C-peptide measured at 36 months.

Recruitment status

COMPLETED

Study phase

NA

Target enrollment

64 participants

Primary outcome timeframe

36 months

Results posted on

2018-03-29

Participant Flow

Recruited through endocrinology physicians.

Participant milestones

Participant milestones
Measure
Rosiglitazone Autoantibody Positive
Rosiglitazone is an oral antidiabetic agent which acts primarily by increasing insulin sensitivity. The rosiglitazone treatment group commenced therapy with 4 milligram (mg) once per day and increase to twice per day if adequate glycemic control was not achieved. Autoantibody positive for one or multiple islet autoantibodies. These autoantibodies include insulin autoantibodies(IAA), islet cell autoantibodies (ICA), glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD),and/or islet cell autoantibodies 512 (IA2).
Rosiglitazone Autoantibody Negative
Rosiglitazone is an oral antidiabetic agent which acts primarily by increasing insulin sensitivity. The rosiglitazone treatment group commenced therapy with 4 mg once per day and increase to twice per day if adequate glycemic control was not achieved. Autoantibody negative for insulin autoantibodies (IAA), islet cell autoantibodies (ICA), glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), and islet cell autoantibodies 512 (IA2).
Glyburide Autoantibody Positive
Glyburide is a sulfonylurea. Glyburide therapy was initiated with 2.5 mg in the morning or the patient was maintained on the dose they had been receiving prior to starting the study. This starting dose was raised by 2.5 in the evening and further up to a maximum of 10 mg twice a day if necessary to achieve desired glycemic control. Autoantibody positive for one or multiple islet autoantibodies. These autoantibodies include insulin autoantibodies(IAA), islet cell autoantibodies (ICA), glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), islet cell autoantibodies 512 (IA2).
Glyburide Autoantibody Negative
Glyburide is a sulfonylurea. Glyburide therapy was initiated with 2.5 mg in the morning or the patient was maintained on the dose they had been receiving prior to starting the study. This starting dose was raised by 2.5 in the evening and further up to a maximum of 10 mg twice a day if necessary to achieve desired glycemic control. Autoantibody negative for insulin autoantibodies (IAA), islet cell autoantibodies (ICA), glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), and islet cell autoantibodies 512 (IA2).
Overall Study
STARTED
15
15
13
21
Overall Study
COMPLETED
4
10
7
9
Overall Study
NOT COMPLETED
11
5
6
12

Reasons for withdrawal

Withdrawal data not reported

Baseline Characteristics

Preferred Treatment of Type 1.5 Diabetes

Baseline characteristics by cohort

Baseline characteristics by cohort
Measure
Rosiglitazone Autoantibody Positive
n=15 Participants
Rosiglitazone is an oral antidiabetic agent which acts primarily by increasing insulin sensitivity. The rosiglitazone treatment group commenced therapy with 4 milligram (mg) once per day and increase to twice per day if adequate glycemic control was not achieved. Autoantibody positive for one or multiple islet autoantibodies. These autoantibodies include insulin autoantibodies(IAA), islet cell autoantibodies (ICA), glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD),and/or islet cell autoantibodies 512 (IA2).
Rosiglitazone Autoantibody Negative
n=15 Participants
Rosiglitazone is an oral antidiabetic agent which acts primarily by increasing insulin sensitivity. The rosiglitazone treatment group commenced therapy with 4 mg once per day and increase to twice per day if adequate glycemic control was not achieved. Autoantibody negative for insulin autoantibodies (IAA), islet cell autoantibodies (ICA), glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), and islet cell autoantibodies 512 (IA2).
Glyburide Autoantibody Positive
n=13 Participants
Glyburide is a sulfonylurea. Glyburide therapy was initiated with 2.5 mg in the morning or the patient was maintained on the dose they had been receiving prior to starting the study. This starting dose was raised by 2.5 in the evening and further up to a maximum of 10 mg twice a day if necessary to achieve desired glycemic control. Autoantibody positive for one or multiple islet autoantibodies. These autoantibodies include insulin autoantibodies(IAA), islet cell autoantibodies (ICA), glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), islet cell autoantibodies 512 (IA2).
Glyburide Autoantibody Negative
n=21 Participants
Glyburide is a sulfonylurea. Glyburide therapy was initiated with 2.5 mg in the morning or the patient was maintained on the dose they had been receiving prior to starting the study. This starting dose was raised by 2.5 in the evening and further up to a maximum of 10 mg twice a day if necessary to achieve desired glycemic control. Autoantibody negative for insulin autoantibodies (IAA), islet cell autoantibodies (ICA), glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), and islet cell autoantibodies 512 (IA2).
Total
n=64 Participants
Total of all reporting groups
Age, Categorical
<=18 years
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=4 Participants
0 Participants
n=21 Participants
Age, Categorical
Between 18 and 65 years
14 Participants
n=5 Participants
13 Participants
n=7 Participants
12 Participants
n=5 Participants
18 Participants
n=4 Participants
57 Participants
n=21 Participants
Age, Categorical
>=65 years
1 Participants
n=5 Participants
2 Participants
n=7 Participants
1 Participants
n=5 Participants
3 Participants
n=4 Participants
7 Participants
n=21 Participants
Age, Continuous
55.4 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 8.8 • n=5 Participants
56.4 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 8.7 • n=7 Participants
53.7 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 9 • n=5 Participants
57.5 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 6.9 • n=4 Participants
55.8 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 1.6 • n=21 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Female
4 Participants
n=5 Participants
4 Participants
n=7 Participants
2 Participants
n=5 Participants
8 Participants
n=4 Participants
18 Participants
n=21 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Male
11 Participants
n=5 Participants
11 Participants
n=7 Participants
11 Participants
n=5 Participants
13 Participants
n=4 Participants
46 Participants
n=21 Participants
Region of Enrollment
United States
15 participants
n=5 Participants
15 participants
n=7 Participants
13 participants
n=5 Participants
21 participants
n=4 Participants
64 participants
n=21 Participants

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: 36 months

Population: Analysis per protocol

Changes in beta cell function assessed by fasting and stimulated C-peptide measured at 36 months.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Rosiglitazone Autoantibody Positive
n=15 Participants
Rosiglitazone is an oral antidiabetic agent which acts primarily by increasing insulin sensitivity. The rosiglitazone treatment group commenced therapy with 4 milligram (mg) once per day and increase to twice per day if adequate glycemic control was not achieved. Autoantibody positive for one or multiple islet autoantibodies. These autoantibodies include insulin autoantibodies(IAA), islet cell autoantibodies (ICA), glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD),and/or islet cell autoantibodies 512 (IA2).
Rosiglitazone Autoantibody Negative
n=15 Participants
Rosiglitazone is an oral antidiabetic agent which acts primarily by increasing insulin sensitivity. The rosiglitazone treatment group commenced therapy with 4 mg once per day and increase to twice per day if adequate glycemic control was not achieved. Autoantibody negative for insulin autoantibodies (IAA), islet cell autoantibodies (ICA), glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), and islet cell autoantibodies 512 (IA2).
Glyburide Autoantibody Positive
n=13 Participants
Glyburide is a sulfonylurea. Glyburide therapy was initiated with 2.5 mg in the morning or the patient was maintained on the dose they had been receiving prior to starting the study. This starting dose was raised by 2.5 in the evening and further up to a maximum of 10 mg twice a day if necessary to achieve desired glycemic control. Autoantibody positive for one or multiple islet autoantibodies. These autoantibodies include insulin autoantibodies(IAA), islet cell autoantibodies (ICA), glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), islet cell autoantibodies 512 (IA2).
Glyburide Autoantibody Negative
n=21 Participants
Glyburide is a sulfonylurea. Glyburide therapy was initiated with 2.5 mg in the morning or the patient was maintained on the dose they had been receiving prior to starting the study. This starting dose was raised by 2.5 in the evening and further up to a maximum of 10 mg twice a day if necessary to achieve desired glycemic control. Autoantibody negative for insulin autoantibodies (IAA), islet cell autoantibodies (ICA), glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), and islet cell autoantibodies 512 (IA2).
Changes in Beta Cell Function Assessed by Fasting and Stimulated C-peptide Measured at 36 Months.
Fasting C-peptide
-0.4 ng per ml
Standard Deviation 1.0
-1.4 ng per ml
Standard Deviation 1.6
0.1 ng per ml
Standard Deviation 1.2
0.3 ng per ml
Standard Deviation 1.1
Changes in Beta Cell Function Assessed by Fasting and Stimulated C-peptide Measured at 36 Months.
Glucagon Stimulated C-peptide
-0.6 ng per ml
Standard Deviation 1.6
-2.8 ng per ml
Standard Deviation 2.5
3.1 ng per ml
Standard Deviation 12.1
0.3 ng per ml
Standard Deviation 2.2

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: 36 months

Number of participants positive for T cell reactivity to islet proteins at 36 months.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Rosiglitazone Autoantibody Positive
n=4 Participants
Rosiglitazone is an oral antidiabetic agent which acts primarily by increasing insulin sensitivity. The rosiglitazone treatment group commenced therapy with 4 milligram (mg) once per day and increase to twice per day if adequate glycemic control was not achieved. Autoantibody positive for one or multiple islet autoantibodies. These autoantibodies include insulin autoantibodies(IAA), islet cell autoantibodies (ICA), glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD),and/or islet cell autoantibodies 512 (IA2).
Rosiglitazone Autoantibody Negative
n=10 Participants
Rosiglitazone is an oral antidiabetic agent which acts primarily by increasing insulin sensitivity. The rosiglitazone treatment group commenced therapy with 4 mg once per day and increase to twice per day if adequate glycemic control was not achieved. Autoantibody negative for insulin autoantibodies (IAA), islet cell autoantibodies (ICA), glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), and islet cell autoantibodies 512 (IA2).
Glyburide Autoantibody Positive
n=7 Participants
Glyburide is a sulfonylurea. Glyburide therapy was initiated with 2.5 mg in the morning or the patient was maintained on the dose they had been receiving prior to starting the study. This starting dose was raised by 2.5 in the evening and further up to a maximum of 10 mg twice a day if necessary to achieve desired glycemic control. Autoantibody positive for one or multiple islet autoantibodies. These autoantibodies include insulin autoantibodies(IAA), islet cell autoantibodies (ICA), glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), islet cell autoantibodies 512 (IA2).
Glyburide Autoantibody Negative
n=9 Participants
Glyburide is a sulfonylurea. Glyburide therapy was initiated with 2.5 mg in the morning or the patient was maintained on the dose they had been receiving prior to starting the study. This starting dose was raised by 2.5 in the evening and further up to a maximum of 10 mg twice a day if necessary to achieve desired glycemic control. Autoantibody negative for insulin autoantibodies (IAA), islet cell autoantibodies (ICA), glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), and islet cell autoantibodies 512 (IA2).
Patients Positive for T Cell Responses to Islet Proteins at 36 Months.
1 participants
0
2 participants
0
2 participants
0
3 participants
0

Adverse Events

Rosiglitazone Autoantibody Positive

Serious events: 1 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Rosiglitazone Autoantibody Negative

Serious events: 2 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Glyburide Autoantibody Positive

Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 1 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Glyburide Autoantibody Negative

Serious events: 3 serious events
Other events: 1 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Serious adverse events

Serious adverse events
Measure
Rosiglitazone Autoantibody Positive
n=15 participants at risk
Rosiglitazone is an oral antidiabetic agent which acts primarily by increasing insulin sensitivity. The rosiglitazone treatment group commenced therapy with 4 milligram (mg) once per day and increase to twice per day if adequate glycemic control was not achieved. Autoantibody positive for one or multiple islet autoantibodies. These autoantibodies include insulin autoantibodies(IAA), islet cell autoantibodies (ICA), glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD),and/or islet cell autoantibodies 512 (IA2).
Rosiglitazone Autoantibody Negative
n=15 participants at risk
Rosiglitazone is an oral antidiabetic agent which acts primarily by increasing insulin sensitivity. The rosiglitazone treatment group commenced therapy with 4 mg once per day and increase to twice per day if adequate glycemic control was not achieved. Autoantibody negative for insulin autoantibodies (IAA), islet cell autoantibodies (ICA), glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), and islet cell autoantibodies 512 (IA2).
Glyburide Autoantibody Positive
n=13 participants at risk
Glyburide is a sulfonylurea. Glyburide therapy was initiated with 2.5 mg in the morning or the patient was maintained on the dose they had been receiving prior to starting the study. This starting dose was raised by 2.5 in the evening and further up to a maximum of 10 mg twice a day if necessary to achieve desired glycemic control. Autoantibody positive for one or multiple islet autoantibodies. These autoantibodies include insulin autoantibodies(IAA), islet cell autoantibodies (ICA), glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), islet cell autoantibodies 512 (IA2).
Glyburide Autoantibody Negative
n=21 participants at risk
Glyburide is a sulfonylurea. Glyburide therapy was initiated with 2.5 mg in the morning or the patient was maintained on the dose they had been receiving prior to starting the study. This starting dose was raised by 2.5 in the evening and further up to a maximum of 10 mg twice a day if necessary to achieve desired glycemic control. Autoantibody negative for insulin autoantibodies (IAA), islet cell autoantibodies (ICA), glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), and islet cell autoantibodies 512 (IA2).
General disorders
Death
6.7%
1/15 • Number of events 1 • Adverse event data was collected during the period the research subjects were actively participating in the study. This time period was between February 3, 2000 through September 8, 2008.
0.00%
0/15 • Adverse event data was collected during the period the research subjects were actively participating in the study. This time period was between February 3, 2000 through September 8, 2008.
0.00%
0/13 • Adverse event data was collected during the period the research subjects were actively participating in the study. This time period was between February 3, 2000 through September 8, 2008.
0.00%
0/21 • Adverse event data was collected during the period the research subjects were actively participating in the study. This time period was between February 3, 2000 through September 8, 2008.
Endocrine disorders
Cholecystitis
0.00%
0/15 • Adverse event data was collected during the period the research subjects were actively participating in the study. This time period was between February 3, 2000 through September 8, 2008.
6.7%
1/15 • Number of events 1 • Adverse event data was collected during the period the research subjects were actively participating in the study. This time period was between February 3, 2000 through September 8, 2008.
0.00%
0/13 • Adverse event data was collected during the period the research subjects were actively participating in the study. This time period was between February 3, 2000 through September 8, 2008.
0.00%
0/21 • Adverse event data was collected during the period the research subjects were actively participating in the study. This time period was between February 3, 2000 through September 8, 2008.
Cardiac disorders
Atrial Fibrillation
0.00%
0/15 • Adverse event data was collected during the period the research subjects were actively participating in the study. This time period was between February 3, 2000 through September 8, 2008.
6.7%
1/15 • Number of events 1 • Adverse event data was collected during the period the research subjects were actively participating in the study. This time period was between February 3, 2000 through September 8, 2008.
0.00%
0/13 • Adverse event data was collected during the period the research subjects were actively participating in the study. This time period was between February 3, 2000 through September 8, 2008.
0.00%
0/21 • Adverse event data was collected during the period the research subjects were actively participating in the study. This time period was between February 3, 2000 through September 8, 2008.
Vascular disorders
Stroke
0.00%
0/15 • Adverse event data was collected during the period the research subjects were actively participating in the study. This time period was between February 3, 2000 through September 8, 2008.
0.00%
0/15 • Adverse event data was collected during the period the research subjects were actively participating in the study. This time period was between February 3, 2000 through September 8, 2008.
0.00%
0/13 • Adverse event data was collected during the period the research subjects were actively participating in the study. This time period was between February 3, 2000 through September 8, 2008.
9.5%
2/21 • Number of events 2 • Adverse event data was collected during the period the research subjects were actively participating in the study. This time period was between February 3, 2000 through September 8, 2008.
Cardiac disorders
Heart Attack
0.00%
0/15 • Adverse event data was collected during the period the research subjects were actively participating in the study. This time period was between February 3, 2000 through September 8, 2008.
0.00%
0/15 • Adverse event data was collected during the period the research subjects were actively participating in the study. This time period was between February 3, 2000 through September 8, 2008.
0.00%
0/13 • Adverse event data was collected during the period the research subjects were actively participating in the study. This time period was between February 3, 2000 through September 8, 2008.
4.8%
1/21 • Number of events 1 • Adverse event data was collected during the period the research subjects were actively participating in the study. This time period was between February 3, 2000 through September 8, 2008.

Other adverse events

Other adverse events
Measure
Rosiglitazone Autoantibody Positive
n=15 participants at risk
Rosiglitazone is an oral antidiabetic agent which acts primarily by increasing insulin sensitivity. The rosiglitazone treatment group commenced therapy with 4 milligram (mg) once per day and increase to twice per day if adequate glycemic control was not achieved. Autoantibody positive for one or multiple islet autoantibodies. These autoantibodies include insulin autoantibodies(IAA), islet cell autoantibodies (ICA), glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD),and/or islet cell autoantibodies 512 (IA2).
Rosiglitazone Autoantibody Negative
n=15 participants at risk
Rosiglitazone is an oral antidiabetic agent which acts primarily by increasing insulin sensitivity. The rosiglitazone treatment group commenced therapy with 4 mg once per day and increase to twice per day if adequate glycemic control was not achieved. Autoantibody negative for insulin autoantibodies (IAA), islet cell autoantibodies (ICA), glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), and islet cell autoantibodies 512 (IA2).
Glyburide Autoantibody Positive
n=13 participants at risk
Glyburide is a sulfonylurea. Glyburide therapy was initiated with 2.5 mg in the morning or the patient was maintained on the dose they had been receiving prior to starting the study. This starting dose was raised by 2.5 in the evening and further up to a maximum of 10 mg twice a day if necessary to achieve desired glycemic control. Autoantibody positive for one or multiple islet autoantibodies. These autoantibodies include insulin autoantibodies(IAA), islet cell autoantibodies (ICA), glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), islet cell autoantibodies 512 (IA2).
Glyburide Autoantibody Negative
n=21 participants at risk
Glyburide is a sulfonylurea. Glyburide therapy was initiated with 2.5 mg in the morning or the patient was maintained on the dose they had been receiving prior to starting the study. This starting dose was raised by 2.5 in the evening and further up to a maximum of 10 mg twice a day if necessary to achieve desired glycemic control. Autoantibody negative for insulin autoantibodies (IAA), islet cell autoantibodies (ICA), glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), and islet cell autoantibodies 512 (IA2).
Endocrine disorders
Hypoglycemia
0.00%
0/15 • Adverse event data was collected during the period the research subjects were actively participating in the study. This time period was between February 3, 2000 through September 8, 2008.
0.00%
0/15 • Adverse event data was collected during the period the research subjects were actively participating in the study. This time period was between February 3, 2000 through September 8, 2008.
7.7%
1/13 • Number of events 1 • Adverse event data was collected during the period the research subjects were actively participating in the study. This time period was between February 3, 2000 through September 8, 2008.
4.8%
1/21 • Number of events 1 • Adverse event data was collected during the period the research subjects were actively participating in the study. This time period was between February 3, 2000 through September 8, 2008.

Additional Information

Jerry P. Palmer, MD

University of Washington

Phone: 206-764-2495

Results disclosure agreements

  • Principal investigator is a sponsor employee
  • Publication restrictions are in place